程控滤波器制作与探讨

系统以FPGA器件和微处理器为核心构成,由程控放大器、参数可调滤波器、简易幅频特性测试仪和控制显示单元四部分组成。其中程控放大器增益为(0~60)dB,10 dB步进;在单片FPGA器件中集成了低通、高通和椭圆三种数字滤波器;滤波器截止频率和放大器放大倍数可通过4×4键盘设置并在液晶上显示;幅频特性测试仪可绘出所测系统的幅频特性曲线。整个系统设计方案先进,精度高,各项指标均满足设计要求。     

基于抗差Kalman滤波的航空发动机测试数据预处理技术

针对使用标准Kalman滤波算法不能准确处理包含粗差的航空发动机测试数据的问题,在分析标准Kalman滤波算法准则和观测误差对滤波估计结果影响的基础上,采用动态调整观测信息在滤波估计结果中权重的方法,给出了基于抗差M估计理论的抗差Kalman滤波准则和递推公式。对不同的发动机测试数据分别采取序列滤波的方法,减少了运算量。基于常加速度模型,建立了测量参数的状态空间方程和测量方程。以包含粗差的某型涡扇发动机稳定工作过程的模拟测量数据为例,采用所设计的抗差Kalman滤波器对其进行预处理,与标准Kalman滤波算法处理的结果对比表明,在模型误差一定的情况下,抗差Kalman滤波算法具有更好的估计精度。     

交互式多模型粒子滤波算法综述

指出了交互式多模型方法和粒子滤波结合时存在的主要问题,围绕该问题,重点对国内外关于交互式多模型粒子滤波算法的相关研究成果进行整理和归纳,给出了典型的交互式多模型粒子滤波算法,综述了目前交互式多模型粒子滤波的应用情况,并指出了几个有价值研究方向。     

测试轮直径对路面不平度测试精度的影响

在加速度信号的路面不平度测量过程中,由于测试轮的几何外形对路面的滤波作用,会对功率谱密度的测量产生误差。为解决这一问题,在仿真环境下,通过测量在给定路面等级的随机路上行驶的测试装置测试轮的响应,研究不同直径的测试轮对同一路面不平度的滤波作用,分析其影响关系,从而为路面不平度测试装置测试轮轮径的选择提供参考。     

一种非均匀采样的宽带雷达数字正交解调方法

数字正交解调是宽带雷达数字接收机的重要组成部分,灵活性和实时性是数字正交解调设计的关键问题。从二阶采样和多相滤波的原理出发,提出了基于非均匀采样的数字正交解调方法,给出了算法的实现结构,并通过仿真验证了算法的正确性。通过与低通滤波法、多相滤波法比较结果表明,基于非均匀采样的数字正交解调方法具有优化的实现结构和更好的实时性,可以用于宽带雷达数字接收机的设计。     

Dynamic institutionalization: the foundations of Japan’s radioactive problem

Many have suggested that the true purpose behind Japan’s development of a closed nuclear-fuel cycle is to maintain the technical potential to develop nuclear weapons. However, closer examination of the development of Japan’s nuclear industry shows that, although Japan possesses advanced nuclear technologies, there has been no deliberate strategy to create a nuclear-weapon option. There is no “nuclear hedge.” To illustrate this point, this article presents a framework called “dynamic institutionalization” to explain the origins of Japan’s nuclear policies and the different sets of institutionalized pressures and constraints that have perpetuated these policies over time. Japan’s continued development of closed fuel-cycle technologies is primarily driven by domestic politics and the lack of a permanent spent-fuel management solution. On the other hand, Japan’s institutionalized nuclear forbearance is driven by the calculation that, as long as US extended deterrence remains credible, Japan’s security is best guaranteed through reliance on the US nuclear umbrella. By analytically untangling the policy of closed fuel-cycle development from the rationale for nuclear forbearance, this article provides a more nuanced view of the relationships between the domestic and international variables shaping Japan’s nuclear policies.     

月球轨道超长波天文观测微卫星在轨数据预处理方法

围绕“嫦娥4号”月球轨道超长波天文观测微卫星展开研究,针对微纳卫星对地数传资源的限制,提出一种在轨信号预处理方法：通过10通道数字下变频链路实现原始数据的变频接收,再利用多级滤波器抽取获得低采样率基带数据,下变频本振频率可调,在对地数传资源约束下保证了不同频带数据的灵活选取。以上方法实现了一种10频点超窄带梳状滤波,仿真验证表明,采样率80 MSPS基带带宽为1 kHz的情况下,此方法可在现场可编程门阵列平台上稳定运行,能保证带内平坦度和线性相位等关键技术指标, 数据量与直接下传原始数据相比,降低了3个数量级以上。     

Introduction

ABSTRACT

The new nuclear history can make a critical contribution by forcing us to reconsider or reframe the theoretical premises of the concepts we apply to our understanding of the present – and with which we try to navigate the future. It bears on fundamental questions, such as: How should the US manage its alliances? Should it establish a multilateral nuclear policy dialogue in Asia? In what depth should it discuss issues of doctrine and targeting with its Asian allies? What capabilities might reassure European allies in light of current Russian revisionism? Could nuclear war be limited and controlled in an East Asian maritime arena? Do nuclear weapons strengthen an alliance, or do they introduce a divisive bone of contention? Is extended nuclear deterrence (END) stabilizing or is it on the contrary pushing the allies to ask for more? What is the relationship between nuclear and conventional forces in END credibility? How do nuclear alliances contribute to international security and international order? The lessons and insights from these papers, which look at five historical cases of US extended deterrence during the Cold War, should help us think about crucial current issues, and be of use both to historians who want to have a better understanding of the Cold War past and to policymakers who are currently grappling with these issues.     

通用扩张状态观测器鲁棒飞行控制方法

针对存在参数不确定、外界干扰与测量噪声情况下飞行控制问题,提出一种基于通用扩张状态观测器的鲁棒飞行控制方法。首先基于状态相关的Riccati方程（SDRE）控制方法,对飞行器俯仰通道非线性模型进行扩展线性化;而后引入基于通用扩张状态观测器的控制方法,设计干扰补偿增益,实现对外界干扰的估计与补偿;最后通过在线解算状态相关矩阵及代数黎卡提方程,得出状态反馈增益与干扰补偿增益,实现对飞行器期望攻角的跟踪控制。通过与已有方法进行对比,验证了本文所提方法不仅对系统模型不确定性与外界干扰具有较强鲁棒性,而且在较大测量噪声情况下,其依然能够保证良好的跟踪控制效果,具有较强的工程应用价值。     

基于χ~2检验的惯性/卫星紧耦合系统故障检测与隔离方法

研究了一种基于χ~2检验的惯性/卫星紧耦合系统故障检测与隔离方法,该方法可利用故障检测函数自动识别单个卫导故障,并实时剔除故障星重构观测信息序列,从而避免了对紧耦合系统的影响。构建数字化仿真环境对所研究的故障检测与隔离方法进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,该方法可在卫星发生故障时及时检测并隔离故障星,并自动实现观测信息重构,保证了紧耦合系统的精度和完好性。