虚拟行为机制下的恶意代码检测与预防

Cohen证明了不存在一个算法可以精确地检测出所有可能的计算机病毒。MCDPM是一种基于虚拟行为机制的恶意代码检测方法,其目的是避开Cohen结论的限制,从而实现对恶意代码的有效检测和预防。MCDPM将传统的代码行为过程分解为虚拟行为发生和实际行为发生两个部分,通过对虚拟行为及其结果的监视和分析,实现对代码行为的精确检测。由于MCDPM的分析结果是建立在代码的确切行为之上,因此其判断结果是真实和准确的。对于非恶意代码,MCDPM则可以通过实际行为发生函数将其运行结果反映到系统真实环境,保持系统状态的一致性。MCDPM可以用于对未知恶意代码的检测,并为可信计算平台技术的信任传递机制提供可信来源支持。     

在越轨行为之外:大学生隐性逃课的社会学分析

隐性逃课是指学生上课时消极参与课堂教学的精神旷课行为,多被认为是越轨行为的一种表现。从社会学视角切入,对大学生隐性逃课问题进行分析,发现将隐性逃课视作越轨行为实际上是学术研究和教学实践过程中简单定性的结果,是对隐性逃课性质的片面反映。这种越轨定性导致了对隐性逃课功能认识、原因分析和应对路径设计的偏离。大学生隐性逃课具有社会根源,是多元社会与高校统一管理之间的张力以及大学无用论和信任危机的产物。在越轨属性之外,大学生隐性逃课还是一种去学校化的反抗和师生之间的默契妥协。因此,对于大学生隐性逃课,应将其置放在社会背景中加以思考,引发人们对社会根源和社会规则本身的关注。     

合理情绪行为疗法在士兵情绪疏导中的应用

合理情绪行为疗法强调认知对人的行为的决定作用,它提供了一种帮助战胜不合理信念、改变不良情绪的有效方式。把合理情绪行为疗法应用于士兵的情绪疏导工作中,对部队的稳定和发展具有积极的现实意义。     

Designing rewards-based crowdfunding campaigns for strategic (but distracted) contributors

In rewards-based crowdfunding, entrepreneurs solicit donations from a large number of individual contributors. If total donations exceed a prespecified funding target, the entrepreneur distributes nonmonetary rewards to contributors; otherwise, their donations are refunded. We study how to design such campaigns when contributors choose not just whether to contribute, but also when to contribute. We show that strategic contribution behavior—when contributors intentionally delay until campaign success is likely—can arise from the combination of nonrefundable (potentially very small) hassle costs and the risk of campaign failure, and can explain pledging patterns commonly observed in crowdfunding. Furthermore, such delays do not hurt the entrepreneur if contributors are perfectly rational, but they do if contributors are distracted, that is, if they might fail to return to the campaign after an intentional delay. To mitigate this, we find that an entrepreneur can use a simple menu of rewards with a fixed number of units sold at a low price, and an unlimited number sold at a higher price; this segments contributors over time based on the information they observe upon arrival. We show that, despite its simplicity, such a menu performs well compared to a theoretically optimal menu consisting of an infinite number of different rewards and price levels under many conditions.     

Strategic spectrum occupancy for secondary users in cognitive radio networks with retrials

This article investigates joining strategies and admission control policy for secondary users (SUs) with retrial behavior in a cognitive radio (CR) system where a single primary user (PU) coexists with multiple SUs. Under a certain reward‐cost structure, SUs opportunistically access the PU band when it is not occupied by the PU. If the band is available upon arrival, an SU decides with a probability either to use the band immediately or to balk the system. If the band is occupied, the SU must decide whether to enter the system as a retrial customer or to leave the system. Once the PU requests for service, the service of SU being served, if any, will be interrupted, and the interrupted SU leaves the band and retries for service after a random amount of time. In this article, we study the equilibrium behavior of non‐cooperative SUs who want to maximize their benefit in a selfish, distributed manner with delay‐sensitive utility function. The socially optimal strategies of SUs are also derived. To utilize the PU band more efficiently and rationally, an admission control policy is proposed to regulate SUs who enter the system in order to eliminate the gap between the individually and socially optimal strategies.     

基于行为复合机制的结构化图形动画技术的研究与实践

在各类计算机动画中 ,角色动画可满足实时性及交互性的需要 ,其核心技术在于角色的建模技术。该文主要介绍了作者所研制的角色动画制作系统———“网动王 98” (简称Net_Anim系统 )中所采用的角色建模机制及其相关技术 ,内容包括 :角色的对象模型及其运行机制 ;角色复合行为的实现算法及相关的关键问题 ;应用示例 :Net_Anim系统的特色和有待进一步研究和解决的相关问题。     

一类非线性系统的浑沌与次谐波

本文利用Melnikov方法讨论了一类非Hamilton可积方程的周期激励系统,得到了该系统存在浑沌解与次谐波分支的充分条件。     

气动弹性影响下高超声速飞行器动力学建模与分析

高超声速飞行器通常采用轻质材料和细长升力体设计,导致受控刚体运动频率与结构振动频率趋于接近,给飞行器制导控制系统设计带来了巨大挑战。基于假设模态下建立了考虑变截面效应的高超声速飞行器自由梁结构动力学模型,对比了横截面梁和变截面梁模态振型和频率;考虑变截面效应后,振型变化较大,同时二、三阶模态频率均变小。给出了耦合气动弹性和飞行动力学的高超声速飞行器运动方程。在典型工况下,对比分析了刚体、常截面梁和变截面梁高超声速飞行器的平衡和动态特征,结果说明:变截面梁在平衡状态下附加攻角更大,系统在平衡点处开环不稳定性更大,同时非最小相位行为基本不变。     

Experimental investigation on enhanced damage to fuel tanks by reactive projectiles impact

Enhanced damage to the full-filled fuel tank,impacted by the cold pressed and sintered PTFE/AL/W reactive material projectile(RMP)with a density of 7.8 g/cm3,is investigated experimentally and theoretically.The fuel tank is a rectangular structure,welded by six pieces of 2024 aluminum plate with a thickness of 6 mm,and filled with RP-3 aviation kerosene.Experimental results show that the kerosene is ignited by the RMP impact at a velocity above 1062 m/s,and a novel interior ignition phenomenon which is closely related to the rupture effect of the fuel tank is observed.However,the traditional steel projectile with the same mass and dimension requires a velocity up to 1649 m/s to ignite the kerosene.Based on the experimental results,the radial pressure field is considered to be the main reason for the shear failure of weld.For mechanism considerations,the chemical energy released by the RMP enhances the hydrodynamic ram(HRAM)effect and provides additional ignition sources inside the fuel tank,thereby enhancing both rupture and ignition effects.Moreover,to further understand the enhanced ignition effect of RMP,the reactive debris temperature inside the kerosene is analyzed theoretically.The initiated reactive debris with high temperature provides effective interior ignition sources to ignite the kerosene,resulting in the enhanced ignition of the kerosene.     

Bionic stab-resistant body armor based on triangular pyramid structure

A stab-resistant substrate was designed and realized with a triangular pyramidal structure, inspired by the biological armor model in nature. The stab-resistance behavior and dynamic response mechanisms were studied through numerical simulation and experimental testing of a knife impacting a substrate, and an optimal structural design was obtained accordingly, with a tilted angle of 22.5° and optimal thickness of 1.2 mm. It was shown that the triangular pyramidal structure generated twice the internal energy of the knife than the flat substrate due to the dispersing effect of the structure. The force parallel to the inclination caused a significant scratch on the substrate surface, while the force perpendicular caused obvious substrate deformation. A new riveting method was used to form the total layer, which passed the GA 68—2008 standard. The stab-resistant clothing coupled with the reduced wearing burden could provide effective protection and avoid fatal injuries on security personnel working in dangerous environments. The method provided may enlighten the future design and manufacturing of stab-resistant clothing.