山水自在 筑鉴非凡——重庆商务职业学院新校区规划设计

介绍了重庆商务职业学院新校区的校园规划策略。基于生态保护进行校园规划,通过建筑布局与地形环境的协调共生形成山水校园,结合历史人文营造个性化校园空间。同时,从生态保护、规划分区、建筑布局、景观空间等方面探讨文化内涵与个性校园的规划设计策略,得出自然山水形成了丰富的地域景观,并由此创造出具有个性的地区文化的结论。旨在为山地校园建设起到借鉴作用。     

论高校青年教师的师德师风建设

师德师风不仅体现了教师的职业道德和教学学风，而且直接关系到学校的办学方向和人才培养目标。目前，高校青年教师的总体情况是好的，但在市场经济浪潮的冲击下，部分高校教师出现了某些问题。本文将从高校青年教师师德师风的现状、存在的问题入手，提出加强高校青年教师师德师风建设的措施与途径。     

Nobody wins the victory taboo in just war theory

ABSTRACT

This article examines how scholars of the just war tradition think about the ethical dilemmas that arise in the endgame phase of modern warfare. In particular, it focuses upon their reticence to engage the idiom of ‘victory’. Why, it asks, have scholars been so reluctant to talk about what it means to ‘win’ a just war? It contends that, while just war scholars may have good reason to be sceptical about ‘victory’, engaging it would grant them a more direct view of the critical potentialities, but also the limitations, of just war reasoning.     

Responsibility in Complex Conflicts: An Afghan Case

This paper discusses soldiers’ moral responsibility in today’s complex conflicts. The point of departure is the increased focus on soldiers as moral decision-makers in war, illustrated by the introduction of core values in the Norwegian Armed Forces. Responsibility is one of these core values, but it is not clear exactly how we should understand responsibility. I use a case where a group of Norwegian soldiers in the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) sought the cooperation of a group of mujahedeen to solve the military mission of establishing security. As confidence between the parties grew, the soldiers became horrified witnesses to a practice of bacha bazi, where a young boy is dressed up for entertainment and sexual abuse. This situation gives reason to question the limits of role responsibility, the status of soldiers’ legitimacy, and the challenges of making morally sound judgments in a multicultural context. The discussion demonstrates that, even if there are restrictions on the soldiers’ freedom to act, a responsibility reaching beyond or extending their role should be recognized as part of the moral reality of modern soldiers.     

Conserving a Late Eighteenth–Early Nineteenth Century Indian Helmet: A Technical Study

This paper describes the treatment of a distinctive late eighteenth/early nineteenth-century helmet from Gwalior in India known as a kolah khud or top. The fine mail aventail of the helmet, comprised of butted rings of iron or steel and brass, had fallen into a severe state of disrepair and was at risk of further deterioration without interventive conservation. The processes of replicating new mail rings and integrating these into the original structure as well as cleaning the helmet are discussed together with an analysis of the ethical implications of such actions.     

从治国理政的高度大力推进生态文明建设

建设生态文明是我们党对人类社会发展规律和社会主义现代化建设规律认识的新发展,也体现了我们党执政理念的进一步完善。因此必须从治国理政的战略高度认识并推进生态文明建设。建设生态文明是破解我国发展中种种难题的现实途径、全面建成小康社会的迫切要求、实现中华民族永续发展的客观要求,必须从树立生态文明理念、转变经济发展方式、建立完善生态文明制度机制着手。同时,生态文明建设也是军队建设科学发展的题中应有之义。     

论生态马克思主义的问题转换

生态马克思主义的理论在借鉴现代生态学和马克思主义方法的基础上对资本经济发展引发的生态环境危机进行了尖锐的批判,并提出了诸多有价值的补救措施,在世界范围内产生了广泛的影响。但囿于种种原因,生态马克思主义在我国学界所引起的反应并不一致,但其研究中的理论来源、价值转换、视野拓展和对中国启示等问题存有重大思考空间。     

兵团发展循环经济的对策研究

循环经济是一种新型的经济发展模式,也是我国实现可持续发展的重要途径。兵团发展循环经济应从以下几方面入手:转变观念;制定循环经济的发展规划;确定循环经济发展的试点;探索“政府引导、市场推进”的循环经济运行机制;突出重点,注重效率,逐步推进;开发建立循环经济的绿色支撑体系。     

Xunzi on the Role of the Military in a Well-Ordered State

Chapter 15 of the Xunzi stands as the most comprehensive account of the early Confucian analysis of warfare. Unlike a range of other early, non-Confucian discussions on warfare, particular strategies and tactics are taken to be of secondary importance. Thus, Xunzi refuses to discuss practical military strategy without framing it within a much broader ethical, social, and political context. On his account, a well-ordered, flourishing state necessarily rests upon a particular set of rituals and social norms in which people can cultivate themselves morally. Such a state has nothing to fear from any enemy, no matter how tactically sophisticated or militarily skilled. To many, such a view seems overly optimistic. However, given that Xunzi is anything but Pollyannaish in other parts of the text and is quite pessimistic about human nature in general, it behooves us to dig a bit more deeply into his ideas about military affairs and examine whether they can be understood in a more plausible light. This article provides a reading of Xunzi’s views on military affairs that is internally consistent and corresponds with Xunzi’s broader ethical and political views, while also showing why someone of Xunzi’s obvious intellectual acumen might hold such a view.     

A NEW STANDARD FOR PREEMPTIVE MILITARY ACTION AGAINST WMD THREATS

International law clearly requires an imminent threat of attack as a justification for the preemptive use of military force. However, the standard definition of an imminent threat was derived centuries before the development of nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons or ballistic missiles and other delivery systems that can reach their targets in a matter of minutes. Any use of force to alleviate threats posed by weapons of mass destruction (WMD) prior to tactical warning of the actual launch of such weapons falls into the legally and ethically controversial category of “anticipatory self-defense,” leaving decision makers potentially liable to prosecution for war crimes. Effective and ethical enforcement of nonproliferation therefore demands a standard for imminence of threat broad enough to allow military action as a last resort but sufficiently restrictive to prohibit indiscriminate action against suspected WMD programs. Following a critical review of selected literature and cases on preemption, the author proposes a new standard for preemptive military action: the existence of operational WMD, or a clandestine program to develop WMD, in contravention of international law. The author discusses the implications of this new proposed standard, which at the time of writing would permit preemptive attack against WMD-armed terrorist groups but prohibit it against all states except Iran and possibly North Korea.