Lipschitz非线性系统状态观测器设计新方法

针对Lipschitz非线性系统状态观测器,提出了一种以极小化条件数为目标准则的新的设计方法。运用梯度下降法和Slyvester方程,计算极小化条件数,优化增益矩阵和最大允许Lipschitz常数,完成观测器设计。通过同其它文献的算例比较,结果发现按文中方法设计的观测器具有迭代次数少、优化结果好的特点。     

基于计算机三维建模技术的两栖车辆静水性能计算

为了解决传统静水性能计算中倾斜浮态下浮心计算困难的问题,建立了两栖车辆的三维实体模型,研究了任意浮态下浮心的计算方法。在此基础上,求解了两栖车辆在静水平衡时的浮态,并利用SolidWorks提供的API函数进行二次开发,实现了计算的自动化。经实例验证表明,该算法准确、快速。     

Military Expenditure as a Proxy for State Power. The Case of France

This paper attempts to build a simple indicator of state power. Military expenditure is the paper’s point of departure, with the definitions given by NATO, SIPRI and others. This definition is discussed and a power version is build, using French budgetary data. Then a defence of the result against traditional or non-traditional critics is presented under an imperative of action. Finally, this concept is enlarged and a new concept of power expenditures is given, one more time using French budgetary data. The conclusion is that this large expenditure concept is an unbiased but imperfect indicator of the will to act, and has to be completed by GDP to indicate the capability to act in the long-run.     

The ligaments of counter-terrorism regime: sexual violence and the vicarious traumatisation of female non-governmental organisation workers: evidence from Nigeria

ABSTRACT

There is a dearth of studies on indirect victims of sexual violence in counter-terrorism efforts. Using Nigeria as a case study, this paper argues that global and state-level counter-terrorism policies have generally failed to account for the psychological effects of the engagement of female NGO workers in counter-terrorism operations or mitigating the effects of terrorism in conflict zones. Specifically, there has been an increase in sexual violence perpetrated by some members of the security agencies involved in counter-terrorism operations in North-eastern Nigeria. As a result, female NGO workers carry out Medicare, psychosocial counselling and advocacy for these victims. Female NGO workers become exposed to the trauma of victims of sexual violence, which affects their mental health and thus performances in counter-terrorism activities in the country. This altered their worldview on issues of safety even among secured locations or among the presence of security agents and reinforced feelings of powerlessness.     

一种变质心高速旋转炮弹鲁棒姿态控制律

针对采用变质心技术的高速旋转炮弹的姿态控制问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器的动态面控制方法。根据由弹体和单滑块组成的多体系统的特点,建立了系统的姿态动力学模型,并对其进行了合理的简化。将系统的滚转通道引起的强耦合、建模误差及外部扰动等视为未知不确定干扰,并且考虑由于炮弹尺寸限制而引起的多体系统控制输入(滑块位移)的有限性,设计了扩张状态观测器和辅助系统,分别对系统的干扰进行观测以及处理控制输入的有限性,综合动态面控制技术设计了姿态控制律,最后基于李雅普诺夫稳定性原理证明了控制器的稳定性。仿真结果表明,该控制器能够在克服干扰的前提下快速稳定地跟踪指令信号,具有良好的控制精度和鲁棒性。     

Reforming the bras tendus? The Congolese National Police reforms, 2003–2016

The security sector reform (SSR) programme in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has failed, according to a former high-level member of the United Nations (UN) mission in the DRC, as a large section of the country remains outside government control, and the security institutions of the state continue to constitute one of the predominant sources of insecurity for the local population in a number of ways. Based on several field studies, this article critically scrutinises the SSR of the Congolese National Police (Police nationale congolaise; PNC) and the efforts to reform it between 2004 and 2016. It further attempts to explain why so little progress was made in the SSR of the PNC, despite extensive involvement from donors. The article shows that the instrumental and traditional approach to SSR is partly to blame, because in this case it failed to address the root problems and initiate the needed fundamental reform and reconstruction of the police force. It also shows that reforming local security institutions becomes even more difficult when the local authorities do not support the effort.     

装备保障人员优化配置方法研究

将装备保障人员按级别分为操作人员、维修人员及管理人员,结合人员进入、培训和退出的状态,构造了状态转移矩阵,求出了各级别人员数量。定义了不同级别针对不同任务的保障效率,按照保障人员完成最高效率任务构建了最优化配置模型。通过实例验证了模型的实用性。     

空降车着陆缓冲过程车体动态应力仿真研究

为了研究空降车着陆缓冲过程车体结构冲击响应,建立了车体有限元模型,运用显式有限元方法,结合实车空投试验的冲击加速度数据,以力的形式模拟车体着陆缓冲过程所受的冲击,仿真得到普通、恶劣和极限3种工况下着陆缓冲过程车体应力分布。结果表明:在3种着陆工况下,空降车左后立柱底端均为应力最大位置。研究结果可为空降车空投寿命预测及装备保障提供依据。     

韩贞的扁舟林聚与他的教育艺术

韩贞将王艮的乐学思想运用于自己的教学实践，他采用“舣舟讲学，编户熏陶”，“结庐湖于，聚徒讲学”、“弦诵吟唱，渔樵问答”等形式进行教学，努力使学生做到“学是乐，乐是学”。他坚持以诚育人，以诚化人，以诚讲学，并根据农村秋成农隙的特点，围绕贴近老百姓日常生活的问题，用老百姓容易理解的语言，举老百姓身边的事例随机指点迷津，取得了惊人的教育效果，受到了学生和平民的普遍欢迎。     

Integrated guidance and control of guided projectile with multiple constraints based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface

Based on fuzzy adaptive and dynamic surface (FADS), an integrated guidance and control (IGC) approach was proposed for large caliber naval gun guided projectile, which was robust to target maneuver, canard dynamic characteristics, and multiple constraints, such as impact angle, limited measurement of line of sight (LOS) angle rate and nonlinear saturation of canard deflection. Initially, a strict feedback cascade model of IGC in longitudinal plane was established, and extended state observer (ESO) was designed to estimate LOS angle rate and uncertain disturbances with unknown boundary inside and outside of system, including aerodynamic parameters perturbation, target maneuver and model errors. Secondly, aiming at zeroing LOS angle tracking error and LOS angle rate in finite time, a nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) was designed with adaptive exponential reaching law. Furthermore, combining with dynamic surface, which prevented the complex differential of virtual control laws, the fuzzy adaptive systems were designed to approximate observation errors of uncertain disturbances and to reduce chatter of control law. Finally, the adaptive Nussbaum gain function was introduced to compensate nonlinear saturation of canard deflection. The LOS angle tracking error and LOS angle rate were convergent in finite time and whole system states were uniform ultimately bounded, rigorously proven by Lyapunov stability theory. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) and digital simulation experiments both showed FADS provided guided projectile with good guidance performance while striking targets with different maneuvering forms.