适应性兵力组织设计方法与应用研究

在建立兵力组织分层定量描述的基础上,研究了设计适应性兵力组织的关键技术,提出了一种适应性兵力组织设计建模框架.建立定量模型和优化算法,可以辅助不同层次的指挥员快速完成使命计划生成、兵力裁剪和组织结构的设计与适应环境变化,设计高效的兵力组织完成使命.最后,讨论了适应性兵力组织设计工具AAOD-Tools的设计与开发.     

基于电磁能的生命探测技术研究(英文)

根据人体在电磁场中的感应特性以及电磁波的能量转换规律,提出了基于电磁能的生命探测器设计方案.首先探讨该探测器的理论原理,它是利用电磁波发送和接收的能量转换规律及人体在磁场中的感应特性,研究了人体对电磁场中能量转化的影响;接着利用该原理研制开发了生命探测器,并进行实验验证.实验结果表明,当人体进入该探测器产生的静电场时,探测器能够正确检测到人的存在.     

【专题】登陆破障装备技术发展应用述评

登陆破障行动是联合登陆战斗中各军兵种破障力量在敌预先设置和临机设置的各种障碍物中开辟通路的行动,也是确保登陆兵突击上陆和向纵深发展进攻的前提和关键。进入21世纪,随着高新技术的不断发展,传统的破障装备和手段已经不能适应新的战场,各种新式障碍相继出现,对登陆部队的破障能力提出更高要求,破障装备体系化、破障手段精确化以及破障过程无人化成为未来破障技术的重要发展方向。本文首先简要介绍了当前世界主流的破障装备和手段,并论述了其局限性,如破障效率低、人员和弹药消耗量大以及容易形成二次障碍等,然后从破障装备体系化、破障手段精确化和破障过程无人能化三个方面对未来破障装备技术发展趋势进行了展望。     

近期美国海军南海地区活动态势分析

随着南海地区力量结构和美对华战略的转变,南海地区成为中美战略博弈的焦点。为围堵遏制中国的崛起,美国针对中国在南海实施了一系列海上挑衅行为。美国海军作为美国军事干预的主要力量,从兵力部署、演习演训、“航行自由”行动等着手,积极拉拢域内外盟友,展开并强化了在南海地区的军事活动。这些军事活动表现出极强的针对性和实战性,致使中美海上摩擦和竞争加剧。未来,美国为维护主导的全球秩序,将进一步提升美国海军在南海地区的威慑力。美国海军会借助并增加域内盟友的军事力量,继续维持高强度的装备平台活动及“航行自由”行动,推动海上力量合作。     

An eikonal equation based path planning method using polygon decomposition and curve evolution

Path planning is a key technique of autonomous navigation for robots, and the velocity field is an important part. Constructing velocity field in a complex workspace is still challenging. In this paper, an inner normal guided segmentation algorithm in a complex polygon is proposed to decompose the complex workspace in this paper. The artificial potential field model based on probability theory is then used to calculate the potential field of the decomposed workspace, and the velocity field is obtained by utilizing the potential field of this workspace. Path optimization is implemented by curve evolution, during which the internal force generated in the smoothing process of the initial path by a mean filter and the external force is obtained from the gradient of the workspace potential field. The parameter selection principle is deduced by analyzing the influence of several parameters on the path length and smoothness. Simulation results show that the designed polygon decomposition algorithm can effectively segment complex workspace and that the path optimization algorithm can shorten and smoothen paths.     

纤维缠绕复合材料约束球形浮力芯材准静态压缩吸能机制

针对海洋工程平台的防护吸能和浮力储备需求,设计一种纤维缠绕复合材料约束球形浮力芯材吸能结构。为分析其变形损伤特征和能量耗散机理,通过ABAQUS有限元软件和万能材料试验机开展数值模拟分析和试验验证研究。通过力学响应特征和损伤破坏模式分析可知,结构吸能设计的关键在于表层和芯材的泊松比匹配。芯材主要通过塑性压缩损伤和剪切断裂破坏吸收能量,而表层吸能则主要通过环向的花瓣形拉伸断裂破坏。研究表明,该型结构单元压缩吸能特性优异,可实现海洋工程结构平台的防护吸能和浮力储备要求。     

基于特征值的单矢量水听器目标检测算法

针对水下目标检测在低信噪比与非平稳背景噪声情况下性能下降的问题,结合特征值检测算法原理,给出一种单矢量水听器联合信息互相关检测算法。该算法利用电子旋转导向角度与振速信息构成一种组合振速,并结合声压信息得到一种互相关值,在大快拍无信号条件下,该值满足渐进高斯分布;将该值除以解析振速与声压信息的协方差矩阵最小特征值,得到一种检测统计量;通过与门限值比较,实现目标检测。理论分析可见,所提检测算法无须背景噪声的先验信息,并且可以通过调节导向角度提高检测性能;在单目标情况下,利用检测统计量与导向角度的对应关系可实现目标方位估计。仿真与实测数据结果表明,相比于单矢量水听器最大最小特征值检测算法与能量检测算法,所提算法检测性能优良,适合于单矢量水听器目标预警检测。     

Optimizing the US Navy's combat logistics force

We study how changes to the composition and employment of the US Navy combat logistic force (CLF) influence our ability to supply our navy worldwide. The CLF consists of about 30 special transport ships that carry ship and aircraft fuel, ordnance, dry stores, and food, and deliver these to client combatant ships underway, making it possible for our naval forces to operate at sea for extended periods. We have modeled CLF operations to evaluate a number of transforming initiatives that simplify its operation while supporting an even larger number of client ships for a greater variety of missions. Our input is an employment schedule for navy battle groups of ships operating worldwide, extending over a planning horizon of 90–180 days. We show how we use optimization to advise how to sustain these ships. We have used this model to evaluate new CLF ship designs, advise what number of ships in a new ship class would be needed, test concepts for forward at‐sea logistics bases in lieu of conventional ports, demonstrate the effects of changes to operating policy, and generally try to show whether and how the CLF can support planned naval operations. Published 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2008     

A generalized model for estimation of aerodynamic forces and moments for irregularly shaped bodies

A novel method for estimation of an aerodynamic force and moment acting on an irregularly shaped body (such as HE projectile fragments) during its flight through the atmosphere is presented. The model assumes that fragments can be approximated with a tri-axial ellipsoid that has continuous surface given as a mathematical function. The model was validated with CFD data for a tri-axial ellipsoid and verified using CFD data on aerodynamic forces and moments acting on an irregularly shaped fragment.The contribution of this method is that it represents a significant step toward a modeling that does not require a cumbersome CFD simulation results for estimation of fragment dynamic and kinematic parameters. Due to this advantage, the model can predict the fragment motion consuming a negligible time when compared to the corresponding time consumed by CFD simulations. Parametric representation (generalization) of the fragment geometrical data and the conditions provides the way to analyze various correlations and how parameters influence the dynamics of the fragment flight.     

基于能量分级和位置预测的高效路由算法

针对车载传感器网络节点移动速度快、网络拓扑结构不稳定、终端传感器节点能量不确定性等特点,提出了一种能量分级和位置预测的高效路由算法ERLP(Energy Rank and Location Prediction based routing)。该算法根据具有不同能量等级的节点将消息传递距离的不同选择那些能量高的节点作为中转节点,并结合节点的分布区域和当前速度,尽量将多个消息副本传递给覆盖不同方向的节点,避免消息传递的局部性。仿真结果表明,与当前典型延迟容忍网络的路由算法相比,ERLP算法在传输成功率、平均延迟时间上具有较大提升。