地面无人装备对未来陆战的影响及对策

当前，地面无人装备作为多能合一的新质作战力量，已成为世界各军事强国发展的重点，对未来陆战形态影响深远。为准确把握地面无人装备对陆战的影响及未来陆战形态发展趋势，本文首先通过对地面无人装备的发展现状及在研项目的分析，分析装备能力的发展趋势以及可担负的作战任务；其次，从颠覆战场形态、改变作战方式及影响指挥控制方式三个方面阐述了地面无人装备给未来陆战带来的影响；再次，从无人化技术、作战样式及指挥决策三个方面对未来陆战形态的演进进行分析；最后为应对未来陆战变革带来的机遇与挑战，从军事需求、技术发展、优势保持及人才培养四个方面提出了对策与建议，具有一定的理论研究意义。     

A high performance waveform and a new ranging method for the proximity detector

Signal modulation is an essential design factor for proximity detectors and directly affects the system’s potential performance. In order to achieve the advantages of chaotic codes bi-phase modulation (CCBPM) and linear frequency modulation (LFM) simultaneously, this paper designed a waveform which combined chaotic codes bi-phase modulation and linear frequency modulation (CCBPM–LFM) for proximity detectors. The CCBPM–LFM waveform was analyzed in the aspect of time delay resolution (TDR) and Doppler tolerance (DT) based on ambiguity function (AF). Then, a ranging method, which we called instant correlation harmonic demodulation (ICHD), was presented for the detector using the CCBPM–LFM waveform. By combining time domain instant correlation with harmonic demodulation, the ICHD solved the problem caused by combination modulation and made the most of the linear frequency modulation (LFM) harmonics and the correlation of chaotic codes. Finally, a prototype was implemented and ranging experiments were carried out. From the theoretical analysis and experimental results, the proximity detector used the CCBPM–LFM waveform has an outstanding detection performance.     

Anti-follower jamming wide gap multi-pattern frequency hopping communication method

This paper deals with the follower jamming (FJ) resistance for the frequency hopping (FH) communication system over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Conventional FH systems are susceptible to be jammed by FJ, and multi-pattern frequency hopping (MPFH) has good resistance to FJ. To further improve the FJ rejection capability of MPFH, we propose a wide gap multi-pattern frequency hopping (WGMPFH) scheme. WGMPFH uses channels to represent messages, and the data channel and complementary channel are hopping on orthogonal frequency slots according to wide gap FH patterns. The transmitted signal lures FJ to aim at the data channel and the complementary channel is away from FJ by adopting wide gap frequency patterns. FJ does not affect the complementary channel but increases the signal energy in the data channel, thus the effect of FJ is reduced. Its bit error rate (BER) is derived under FJ and the effects of three FJ parameters (tracking success probability, jamming duration ratio and jamming bandwidth ratio) on the BER performance of WGMPFH are investigated versus the conventional FH/BFSK and MPFH system. Numerical and simulation results show that when under the worst-case FJ, the proposed WGMPFH outperforms the MPFH by about 1–3 dB and outperforms the conventional FH/BFSK by more than 4 dB. The proposed WGMPFH shows superior jamming rejection performance under FJ especially in severe signal-to-jamming ratio (SJR).     

Optimal inventory and dynamic admission policies for a retailer of seasonal products with affiliate programs and drop‐shipping

This article investigates the optimal inventory and admission policies for a “Clicks‐and‐Bricks” retailer of seasonal products that, in addition to selling through its own physical and online stores, also sells through third‐party websites by means of affiliate programs. Through postings on partners' webpages, an affiliate program allows a retailer to attract customers who would otherwise be missed. However, this retailer needs to pay a commission for each sale that originates from the website operators participating in the program. The retailer may also refer online orders to other sources (such as distributors and manufacturers) for fulfillment through a drop‐shipping agreement and thus earns commissions. This would be an option when, for example, the inventories at the physical stores were running low. Therefore, during the selling horizon, the retailer needs to dynamically control the opening/closing of affiliate programs and decide on the fulfillment option for online orders. On the basis of a discrete‐time dynamic programming model, the optimal admission policy of the retailer is investigated in this paper, and the structural properties of the revenue function are characterized. Numerical examples are given to show the revenue impact of optimal admission control. The optimal initial stocking decisions at the physical stores are also studied. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

网络中心战中的战场感知能力量化模型研究

为了定量评价和探索提高网络中心战中的战场感知能力的途径，针对网络中心战的特点，运用集合论、信息论、图论等理论研究了战场感知能力的量化问题。首先分析了影响战场感知能力的主要因素及其作用，然后对主要因素进行了量化建模，提出了传感器对指控节点的信息量贡献模型以及指控节点之间的信息量贡献模型，建立了指控网战场感知能力量化计算模型，最后通过仿真，验证了模型的有效性，说明了提高指控网战场感知能力的有效途径。     

Carlo Bianco and Guerra per bande: an Italian approach to irregular warfare

Since the end of the Cold War, a huge debate over how war has been changing has emerged; a common feature is that modern conflicts are not state vs. state wars, but ‘irregular wars’. In order to better understand modern irregular warfare, it is important to analyse past authors and ideas. Carlo Bianco’s concept of Guerra per bande highlights elements of mobility with different cooperating units, of terror, and of complex terrain. The present study offers the first English analysis of Carlo Bianco and underlines the similarities of his work to the hybrid warfare concept.     

悬浮式深弹在水面舰艇规避 尾流自导鱼雷作战中的应用研究*

针对传统对抗方法难以有效对抗尾流自导鱼雷这一问题,籍由悬浮式深弹拦截原理、在分析尾流自导鱼雷可能航向范围的基础上,建立悬浮式深弹作战使用等模型,对悬浮式深弹在水面舰艇规避尾流自导鱼雷中的作战使用问题进行了探讨。仿真结果表明:使用悬浮式深弹能有效地拦截尾流自导鱼雷,从而提高水面舰艇的生存能力。研究成果为研制新型反鱼雷装备、改进现有装备的战术技术性能提供了有价值的参考。     

电子信息作战训练方法

电子信息作战训练是提高打赢信息化战争能力的必然要求.分析了实兵实抗训练的局限,总结了计算机模拟训练及其与实兵实抗训练相结合的一体化训练的内涵和国内外现状,从系统体系结构设计、通用对象模型开发和网关设计与实现等方面探讨了基于试验训练使能架构(TENA)逻辑靶场的建设方法.     

基于图像拼接技术的电子对景图制作技术?

针对当前对景图制作存在的问题，提出了一种基于图像拼接技术的电子对景图的制作技术，该技术采用SIFT算法提取海区图像的特征点，使用RANSAC算法对特征点进行精确提纯，最后使用加权平均法实现图像的平滑过渡。实验表明该技术可实现海区图像的无缝拼接，真实感强。     

网络舆论智能引导仿真推演模型与系统构建

传统马甲机械发帖的网络舆论引导方式存在智能水平不高、效果不佳的缺点。人工智能的快速发展为网络舆论智能引导奠定了坚实的理论与技术基础。本文突破新闻传播学的思维定式，利用智能体、系统建模与仿真等理论技术，研究网络舆论智能引导，提出“态势感知-仿真推演-舆论引导”的网络舆论智能引导思路，构建网络舆论智能引导仿真推演模型，明确仿真推演工具，进而构建网络舆论智能引导系统，在仿真推演的基础上实施网络舆论引导，从而颠覆传统马甲的机械式发帖引导方式，破解难以在真实网络环境中直接尝试各种引导策略的困局。本文的研究成果对于丰富网络舆论斗争理论，占领网络舆论制高点，具有重要理论意义和参考价值。