压电-正交基体复合半圆柱的界面端部开裂问题研究

建立了半圆柱形压电-正交基体复合材料界面端部开裂问题的力学模型,其中压电层为锆钛酸铅铁电陶瓷,基体为正交异性聚乙烯复合材料。综合利用位错模拟法、格林函数法和奇异积分方程法,对裂纹问题进行了理论分析。通过对应力强度因子进行数值求解和讨论,揭示了几何、物理参数对断裂行为的影响规律。从界面端部止裂的角度出发,找到了压电复合半圆柱的2种优化设计形式:一种是将"较软的内部基体"和"较硬的外部压电层"相结合;另一种是采用正交各向异性介电材料作为基体。另外,数值计算还表明:与剪切模量变化对应力强度因子的影响相比,压电系数和介电系数变化的影响至少要小2个数量级,因此后面二者对结构防断裂优化设计没有显著的实际意义。     

飞机结冰气动参数综合检测方法研究

飞机在飞行过程中会遭遇结冰问题,对飞机安全造成严重危害。通过检测飞机结冰参数,改变飞机控制律的方法,将成为解决飞机结冰问题的重要手段之一。通过引入飞机结冰参数模型,并定义两种不同严重程度的结冰情况下的结冰严重因子随时间变化曲线。分别介绍了利用H∞参数识别方法检测"时不变"与"时变"结冰气动参数,并将两种方法综合起来仿真计算。从而利用两者的优点,可以解决飞机结冰参数在线识别困难的问题。仿真计算结果达到满意的效果,对于减少检测方法的延时问题十分有效。     

坦克动力舱空气流动与传热影响因素的仿真研究

以k-ε两方程湍流模型和非结构化网格为基础,利用FLUENT软件针对某型主战坦克动力舱内的空气流场和温度场进行了三维数值仿真计算与分析,得出了环境温度、压力和坦克行驶速度等因素对动力舱内的空气流动和传热的影响关系.     

装甲装备人机界面因素对乘员可靠性的影响分析

装甲装备乘员可靠性受内部因素和外部因素的共同影响,而人机界面是外部因素的主要组成部分.通过进行装甲装备人机界面特性分析,确定了乘员可靠性的人机界面影响因素,并结合人的失误致因分析,通过对装备使用者进行问卷调查的形式对其进行了验证.得出的结论对于装备改造和部队乘员选拔都有一定的指导意义.     

双向受载裂纹板的碳纤维复合材料补片的胶接修补分析

建立了碳纤维复合材料补片胶接修补双向受载裂纹板的3D有限元模型,分析了补片的单面胶接修补效果,探讨了补片材料、铺层顺序、补片长度及载荷比等对裂纹应力强度因子的影响规律。结果表明:复合材料补片的存在使裂纹板垂直裂纹方向载荷和平行裂纹板方向载荷发生耦合作用,从而影响补片修补效果。平行裂纹方向的压应力可降低裂纹尖端的应力集中因子,而拉应力可提高裂纹尖端的应力集中因子。     

火灾现场勘验中危险因素探究

火灾现场勘验中存在多种危险因素,严重威胁着勘验人员的人身安全。对倒塌、烟气和触电等火灾现场中几种常见的危险因素,在深入分析其形成机理和危害特征的基础上,有针对性地提出了各种危险因素的预防措施。     

Data‐driven variation source identification for manufacturing process using the eigenspace comparison method

Variation reduction of manufacturing processes is an essential objective of process quality improvement. It is highly desirable to develop a methodology of variation source identification that helps quickly identify the variation sources, hence leading to quality improvement and cost reduction in manufacturing systems. This paper presents a variation source identification method based on the analysis of the covariance matrix of process quality measurements. The identification procedure utilizes the fact that the eigenspace of the quality measurement covariance matrix can be decomposed into a subspace due to variation sources and a subspace purely due to system noise. The former subspaces for different samples will be the same if the same variation sources dominate. A testing procedure is presented, which can determine the closeness of the subspaces under sampling uncertainty. A case study is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of this methodology. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006.     

遥测参数数据载荷状态判别集成学习方法

针对载荷单机设备遥测参数维度高、数据量大、存在类别不平衡、无法直观判别单机设备运行情况等问题,考虑到航天任务对可解释性的要求,提出一种基于信息增益参数特征选择和集成学习方法的载荷单机状态快速识别方法。采用统计量性质和信息增益子集搜索方法对遥测数据进行特征筛选降维,通过集成学习模型算法实现载荷单机设备状态的自适应识别分类。所提方法将信息增益的参数分类信息量评价准则和集成学习拟合能力强、类别不平衡下准确率高和抗噪能力强等优点相结合,兼顾模型特征和结果的可解释性,提供了重点参数发现功能。采用科学卫星任务真实载荷遥测参数数据对该方法进行了验证,整体识别准确率高于90%,少数样本亦可准确识别,整体效果可达到在轨任务要求,证明了所提方法的有效性和实用性。     

低调谐增益变化的10 GHz电感电容式压控振荡器设计

基于0.18μm CMOS工艺,设计了一种应用于无线通信和雷达系统的低变化调谐增益的电感电容式压控振荡器。该电路包括分布式偏置可变电容阵列和开关电容阵列,合理选择偏置电压扩展电容-电压曲线覆盖范围,在整个调谐电压范围内,可有效降低调谐增益。三位开关电容阵列将整个可调频率范围分为8个子频带,通过控制可变电容实现子频带内频率的调谐范围。同时采用开关可变电容阵列,有效抑制了电感电容式压控振荡器调谐增益的变化。基于1P6M 0.18μm工艺模型的后仿真结果显示该10 GHz压控振荡器调谐增益变化率表现优异,低至21.5%,调谐频率范围为9.13～11.15 GHz,同时该压控振荡器能够实现较低的直流功耗9 m W(1.8 V电源电压),相位噪声在10 GHz时为-105 d Bc/Hz@1 MHz。     

Adaptive subspace detection based on two-step dimension reduction in the underwater waveguide

In the underwater waveguide, the conventional adaptive subspace detector (ASD), derived by using the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) theory, suffers from a significant degradation in detection per-formance when the samplings of training data are deficient. This paper proposes a dimension-reduced approach to alleviate this problem. The dimension reduction includes two steps: firstly, the full array is divided into several subarrays; secondly, the test data and the training data at each subarray are transformed into the modal domain from the hydrophone domain. Then the modal-domain test data and training data at each subarray are processed to formulate the subarray statistic by using the GLRT theory. The final test statistic of the dimension-reduced ASD (DR-ASD) is obtained by summing all the subarray statistics. After the dimension reduction, the unknown parameters can be estimated more accurately so the DR-ASD achieves a better detection performance than the ASD. In order to achieve the optimal detection performance, the processing gain of the DR-ASD is deduced to choose a proper number of subarrays. Simulation experiments verify the improved detection performance of the DR-ASD compared with the ASD.