12V150ZL增压发动机燃烧放热规律的研究

本文运用对实测放热速率曲线拟合得到的双韦别函数放热速率表达式,结合工作过程的数值模拟计算,研究12V150ZL增压发动机在标定工况燃油量时的燃烧放热速率的变化规律,预测燃烧过程对发动机性能指标的影响.为评价和完善12V150ZL增压发动机的燃烧过程提供理论依据.     

具有等熵压缩、膨胀过程的回热式布雷顿热泵循环有限时间热力学性能

研究恒温和变温热源条件下具有等熵压缩、膨胀过程的闭式回热式布雷顿热泵循环有限时间热力学性能,导出循环供热率和供热系数与循环压比间的解析关系,由此可得最佳供热率、供热系数关系。分析中计入了工质与高、低温热源间换热器和回热器的热阻损失。     

典型包装材料燃烧性能实验研究

使用锥形量热仪对典型包装材料———内衬聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料外包装硬纸板的燃烧性能进行了实验研究,测得了不同热辐射强度下包装材料样品的点燃时间、热释放速率、质量损失率、比消光面积(发烟量)、CO的产率等燃烧性能参数。实验结果表明,包装材料受热辐射时很容易被点燃,燃烧时放出大量的热和有毒烟气。     

Explosion temperature mapping of emulsion explosives containing TiH2 powders with the two-color pyrometer technique

In the study, the two-color pyrometer technique was used to measure the transient temperature field of emulsion explosives with different contents of TiH₂ powders. The experimental results showed that the introduction of TiH₂ powders could significantly increase the explosion temperature and fireball duration of emulsion explosive. When emulsion explosives were ignited, the average explosion temperature of pure emulsion explosive continuously decreased while emulsion explosives added with TiH₂ powders increased at first and then decreased. When the content of TiH₂ powders was 6 mass%, the explosion average temperature reached its maximum value of 3095 K, increasing by 43.7% as compared with that of pure emulsion explosive. In addition, the results of air blast experiment and explosion heat test showed that the variation trends of shock wave parameters, explosion heat and theoretical explosion temperature of emulsion explosives with different contents of TiH₂ powders were basically consistent with that of explosion temperature measured by the two-color pyrometer technique. In conclusion, the two-color pyrometer technique would be conducive to the formula design of emulsion explosive by understanding the explosion temperature characteristics.     

高超声速圆柱绕流中驻点热流的稀薄效应

采用Fay-Riddell关系式、直接模拟Monte Carlo方法和基于直接模拟Monte Carlo流场温度的Fourier传热三种热流表达方式,分别对比研究了不同来流克努森数(Kn)和不同来流马赫数(Ma)的结果,以期从微观视角给出经典连续方法在稀薄流区高估驻点热流的新理解。结果表明,驻点热流的稀薄效应体现在三个方面:一是温度跳跃,削弱温度梯度导致驻点热流降低;二是壁面附近平动非平衡,导致Fourier热传导定律失效且高估热流;三是壁面约束,致使Fourier热传导定律在距壁面3倍分子平均自由程内高估热流。     

长杆射弹侵彻三种混凝土靶的实验研究

为了研究钻地武器的侵彻性能,在57mm口径的气炮上发射长杆射弹对三种靶体进行模拟侵彻实验。靶体为水泥砂浆石靶、钢纤维混凝土靶和含单层密排刚玉球的钢纤维混凝土靶。实验结果表明,弹头形状对侵彻深度有明显影响;当长杆射弹和撞击速度都相同时,与侵彻钢纤维混凝土靶相比,含单层密排刚玉球的钢纤维混凝土靶中的侵彻深度大约降低了11%,而水泥砂浆石靶中的侵彻深度增加了12%。     

面向突防效能的超声速巡航导弹总体设计技术初步研究

防御系统技术的不断发展,对超声速巡航导弹设计提出了新的需求.针对以“性能”为核心的设计不能满足超声速巡航导弹设计新需求的问题,初步探讨了面向突防效能的超声速巡航导弹总体设计技术.分析了国内外导弹武器设计技术的发展,指出设计技术向着以“效能为核心”的设计方向发展;提出了面向效能的设计理念,分析指出面向效能的设计是以追求满意设计为目标的优化设计;在新的设计理念指导下提出了面向突防效能设计的技术框架,主要说明了面向突防效能的超声速巡航导弹设计框架、效能基础、技术基础、基本模式以及几项关键技术等.     

Partial penetration of annular grooved projectiles impacting ductile metal targets

Changing and optimizing the projectile nose shape is an important way to achieve specific ballistic performance. One special ballistic performance is the embedding effect, which can achieve a delayed high-explosive reaction on the target surface. This embedding effect includes a rebound phase that is significantly different from the traditional penetration process. To better study embedment behavior, this study proposed a novel nose shape called an annular grooved projectile and defined its interaction process with the ductile metal plate as partial penetration. Specifically, we conducted a series of low-velocity-ballistic tests in which these steel projectiles were used to strike 16-mm-thick target plates made with 2024-O aluminum alloy. We observed the dynamic evolution characteristics of this aluminum alloy near the impact craters and analyzed these characteristics by corresponding cross-sectional views and numerical simulations. The results indicated that the penetration resistance had a brief decrease that was influenced by its groove structure, but then it increased significantly-that is, the fluctuation of penetration resistance was affected by the irregular nose shape. Moreover, we visualized the distribution of the material in the groove and its inflow process through the rheology lines in microscopic tests and the highlighted mesh lines in simulations. The combination of these phenomena revealed the embed-ment mechanism of the annular grooved projectile and optimized the design of the groove shape to achieve a more firm embedment performance. The embedment was achieved primarily by the target material filled in the groove structure. Therefore, preventing the shear failure that occurred on the filling material was key to achieving this embedding effect.     

对机动突防反舰导弹的防御

建立了舰空导弹反导拦截模型和反舰导弹“蛇行机动”突防弹道模型,通过攻防对抗仿真的方法研究了舰空导弹对末端机动突防反舰导弹的防御问题,提出了对舰空导弹未来发展的建议.     

弹药长期贮存后发射药剩余能量的计算

对弹药在长期贮存过程中其发射药剩余能量的变化情况进行了研究。首先建立了箱装弹药中发射药放热规律的数学模型 ,然后利用数值模拟的方法计算了其在贮存过程中的剩余能量 ,最后对计算结果进行了分析与讨论