信息熵与TOPSIS装备保障力量部署方案优化

针对装备保障力量部署方案复杂性和模糊性特点,在分析装备保障力量部署的内容、影响因素及方案优化目的基础上,建立了装备保障力量部署方案评估指标体系,采用信息熵理论来确定评估指标的权重,并提出了基于熵权TOPS IS的装备保障力量部署方案优选方法,使装备保障力量部署方案决策更加科学合理,具有一定的实用性。     

ARCS动机模型在初中英语语法教学中的应用

语法学习能在一定程度上保证语言的地道性、流畅性和实用性。但就目前来看,英语学习者学习语法的积极性普遍不高,不少英语学习者抱怨英语语法项目琐碎繁杂、语法学习枯燥无聊。针对此现状,本文尝试将ARCS模型的四类动机策略整合于初中英语语法教学,以期有效激发并维持学习者的语法学习热情,提高语法教学效果。     

未来30年太空安全发展趋势及影响

“太空安全战略”专题编者按 组稿专家：杨乐平（国防科技大学空天科学学院教授、博士生导师） 近年来,以美国重建太空司令部与天军独立为标志,国际太空领域战略竞争与军事对抗日益加剧,太空前所未有地应用于军事与安全,太空安全也受到了前所未有的挑战。为了解未来太空安全发展和主要国家太空安全战略动向,深化太空安全战略研究,《国防科技》编辑部于2021年6月启动“太空安全战略”专题征文活动,国内相关学者积极投稿,经专家遴选,本期发表入选稿件6篇。来稿内容涵盖未来30年太空安全发展预测、美国太空安全最新发展、俄罗斯太空安全政策、欧盟太空安全政策、日本太空安全战略以及印度太空力量发展等主题,较为全面地反映了当前国际太空安全领域的最新发展与战略动向。从长远看,随着地球以外人类活动的增加、太空新经济蓬勃发展和太空创造财富规模不断扩大,水平大幅提升,太空将超越陆、海、空成为国家安全最重要的领域。从这个意义上讲,太空安全战略研究学术价值与影响较大,值得高度关注。     

基于MSP430单片机的海浪水压场自动测量系统

提出了基于MSP430单片机的水压场自动测量系统的设计方案和实现方法并进行了实际测量.解决了自动测量系统中的低噪声、低功耗、高分辨率、大容量存储等关键技术.实验结果表明:该系统具有自动运行、电池供电、记录时间长等特点.适于高海况条件下的海浪水压场的测量.     

具有热阻、热漏和内不可逆性的联合卡诺热机生态学优化

用有限时间热力学的方法分析具有热阻、热漏、内不可逆性的定常流联合卡诺型热机循环.导出了在傅立叶导热定律下联合循环功率、效率和生态学指标的性能,并进行优化;得到功率、效率和生态学指标之间的优化关系,并由数值计算分析了功率、效率和循环熵产率之间的关系.所得的结果表明,最大生态学指标下的效率十分接近于联合循环可以达到的最大效率;相应的熵产率也要低于以输出功率为优化目标时的熵产率.     

NONPROLIFERATION POLICY CROSSROADS:

On October 1, 2008, Congress enacted a proposal that originated with President George W. Bush in 2005 to approve an unprecedented nuclear trade pact with India by removing a central pillar of US nonproliferation policy. Despite the numerous political challenges confronting the Bush administration, the initiative won strong bipartisan support, including votes from Democratic Senators Joseph Biden, Hillary Clinton, and Barack Obama. The four-year struggle to pass the controversial US-India nuclear trade agreement offers an exceptionally valuable case study. It demonstrates a classic tradeoff between the pursuit of broad multilateral goals such as nuclear nonproliferation and advancement of a specific bilateral relationship. It reveals enduring fault lines in executive branch relations with Congress. It vividly portrays challenges confronting proponents of a strong nonproliferation regime. This article is based on an analysis of the negotiating record and congressional deliberations, including interviews with key participants. It assesses the lessons learned and focuses on three principal questions: how did the agreement seek to advance US national security interests?; what were the essential elements of the prolonged state-of-the-art lobbying campaign to win approval from skeptics in Congress?; and what are the agreement's actual benefits—and costs—to future US nonproliferation efforts?     

Estimating non‐transparent military expenditures: The case of china (PRC)∗

Data limitations arising from non‐transparency in military expenditure reporting impose significant constraints on economists studying country and comparative developments in this field. This article focuses on the case of China. It reviews the recent literature on China's military expenditure, examines the variance in published estimates, and identifies three factors which help explain the variance: budgetary falsification; non‐budgeted PLA revenue; and the US dollar purchasing‐power parity of the yuan. Conclusions emphasize important policy implications of such variance and suggest a more active role for defence economists in a field of research generating considerable attention from international relations scholars.     

RELIABLE ENERGY SUPPLY AND NONPROLIFERATION

The phenomenon of global warming has led to a revival of the prospects for increased nuclear energy production worldwide, yet such increased production carries with it the increased risk of proliferation. To mitigate this risk, various multinational arrangements have been proposed to provide reliable supply of nuclear fuel while at the same time discouraging the construction of national plants for nuclear enrichment and reprocessing. This article provides a brief history of some of these proposals and concludes that the likelihood of success for such schemes as effective tools for nonproliferation is not high at this time. A proposal from the World Council on Renewable Energy to expand the understanding of supplier obligations under Article IV of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) to include the development of non-nuclear energy technologies for NPT parties in good standing is potentially a much better nonproliferation tool. Such an approach tracks the ideas contained in Title V of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, which has recently received revived congressional interest.     

色空间对HDRI亮度测量方法的影响

相机内置预处理环节中的白平衡、色度空间转换是数码成像过程中的重要环节,sRGB和Adobe RGB是数码相机2种常用的色空间.为进一步研究色空间对HDRI亮度测量方法的影响,在荧光灯照明的实验室,分别利用sRGB和Adobe RGB色空间对色板成像,测量该亮度测量方法中各色板的标定因数,计算各色板标定因数的相对不确定度.实验结果表明:2种不同色空间获得的标定因数不同,且Adobe RGB色空间标定因数相对不确定度的平均值小于sRGB色空间的;色空间改变后,标定因数需要重新进行标定,且优先选用色域较宽的Adobe RGB色空间.     

二维超声速空气引射器启动特性试验研究

xxxx超声速引射器是高空模拟试车台的重要组件,在发动机启动前利用引射器对试验舱预抽真空可避免发动机启动初始时刻燃气漏入试验舱造成燃气在发动机中分离,对获取发动机在高空环境下的完整推力特性具有重要意义。而该工况下超声速引射器的启动过程是引射器工作过程中最为恶劣的工况,设计不合理的引射器会导致启动压力过高甚至不能实现启动。建立了缩比超声速空气引射器试验台对超声速引射器的启动特性进行研究,采用压力测量方法结合纹影技术对超声速引射器处于极限启动压比时的流场进行了描述,研究结果表明混合室收缩比越小,引射器极限启动压比越低。同时给出了定位超声速引射器不启动原因的判据：当引射器不启动是由引射总压不足引起时,盲腔压力在引射总压提高时降低,并在临界启动状态下达到最小值;而由混合室收缩比过小导致的引射器不启动在引射总压提高时盲腔压力单调上升。