基于任务和角色的分布式工作流安全模型

针对现有基于角色访问控制的缺陷和分布式工作流管理系统的特性,在传统的基于角色的访问控制模型中引入任务集(Tasks)、任务实例集(TaskInstances)和任务上下文(TaskContext)的概念,将传统的user role permission权限赋予结构修改为user role task permission权限赋予结构,建立了基于任务和角色的访问控制模型,给出了其形式化定义。该模型解决了传统的基于角色访问控制中的动态适应性差和最小权限约束假象的问题,用于分布式工作流管理系统,提高了安全性、实用性。     

独立分量分析在液体火箭发动机故障检测中的应用

针对液体火箭发动机试车中,因噪声干扰、不同源信号之间的混叠而造成的信号信噪比低、信号分析和特征提取难度大的问题,提出采用独立分量分析(ICA)法对液体火箭发动机试车信号进行分离,以提高信号的信噪比,并能实时反映各子系统工作过程,为数据分析、特征提取和故障检测与诊断提供可靠的信号。通过对某型液体火箭发动机热试车压强信号进行实例分析,验证了该方法的有效性。     

21世纪无人机关键技术

无人机因其独特而优异的战术性能,在近几次现代局部战争中得到了越来越广泛的应用,执行的任务也越来越多。从未来无人机的军事需求及其战术性能入手,结合技术发展趋势和发展可行性,对未来无人机发展需要的一些关键技术进行了分析研究,这些关键技术对提高未来无人机的战术性能具有重要作用。     

火炮装药温度分布的数值模拟

针对火炮弹药的特点,建立了弹药的二维轴对称模型,并在圆柱坐标系下,用控制容积积分法导出一组差分离散格式。采用收敛速度快的块迭代法解代数方程组。实验数据表明数值计算的结果和实测值基本一致,经进一步研究可以用于火炮装药的温度测量。     

带宽受限下频谱分离对提高RDSS入站容量的影响分析

用户入站容量是RDSS系统设计的一个重要指标,主要受限于入站信号之间的多址干扰.提高扩频码速率可以增加人站容量,但卫星转发器带宽限制了扩频码速率的最大值,从而限制了单个扩频频谱入站信号容量最大值.在卫星转发器带宽受限情况下,提出了采用分离扩频频谱的方法来提高入站容量,并分别对扩频频谱分离为两个和三个的情况进行了详细分析,得出了两种分离扩频频谱方案下扩频码速率的最优值.仿真结果表明,在现有转发器带宽内分离为两个扩频频谱可以提高入站容量29％,分离为三个扩频频谱可以提高人站容量37％.     

Optimal inventory control policy for periodic‐review inventory systems with inventory‐level‐dependent demand

We consider a setting in which inventory plays both promotional and service roles; that is, higher inventories not only improve service levels but also stimulate demand by serving as a promotional tool (e.g., as the result of advertising effect by the enhanced product visibility). Specifically, we study the periodic‐review inventory systems in which the demand in each period is uncertain but increases with the inventory level. We investigate the multiperiod model with normal and expediting orders in each period, that is, any shortage will be met through emergency replenishment. Such a model takes the lost sales model as a special case. For the cases without and with fixed order costs, the optimal inventory replenishment policy is shown to be of the base‐stock type and of the (s,S) type, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

Partial equilibrium in risk‐based production decisions

Characteristically, a small subset of operational problems admit risk neutrality when contingent claims methodology were used in their analysis. That is, for the majority of manufacturing and production problems, operating cash flows are not directly linked to prices of traded assets. However, to the extent that correlations can be estimated, the methodology's applicability to a broader set of operational problems is supported. Our article addresses this issue with the objective of extending the use of contingent claims techniques to a larger set of operational problems. In broad terms, this objective entails a partial equilibrium approach to the problem of valuing uncertain cash flows. To this end, we assume risk aversion and cast our approach within Merton's intertemporal capital asset pricing model. In this context, we formulate a “generic” production valuation model that is framed as an exercise in stochastic optimal control. The model is versatile in its characterization and can easily be adapted to accommodate a wide‐ranging set of risk‐based operational problems where the underlying sources of uncertainty are not traded. To obtain results, the model is recast as a stochastic dynamic program to be solved numerically. The article addresses a number of fundamental issues in the analysis risk based decision problems in operations. First, in the approach provided, decisions are analyzed under a properly defined risk structure. Second, the process of analysis leads to suitably adjusted probability distributions through which, appropriately discounted expectations are derived. Third, through consolidating existing concepts into a standard and adaptable framework, we extend the applicability of contingent claims methodology to a broader set of operational problems. The approach is advantageous as it obviates the need for exogenously specifying utility functions or discount rates.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

组网雷达的改进粒子滤波算法

针对现代战争中有源雷达容易受到干扰和反辐射导弹的摧毁,以及无源雷达隐蔽性高,只能测量方位角度,测量精度小等特点,提出利用集中式有源雷达系统与无源雷达系统协同组网对目标进行跟踪。但是在实际环境中,噪声属性以及有源雷达,无源雷达接收信号的特点决定了组网雷达需要应用非线性滤波技术对信号进行处理。传统的非线性技术包括卡尔曼滤波、扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)或无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)等方法。非线性近似过程带来的误差相对较大,而且均要求观测噪声和过程噪声为独立或相关的高斯白噪声。而粒子滤波避免了传统非线性滤波方法的缺陷,但是存在粒子退化,于是用EKF和UKF在每一时刻更新粒子,用更新的粒子及其协方差构造重要性函数,然后重采样。仿真实验表明这两种改进粒子滤波方法有很好的效果。     

鱼雷航向估计模型的可信性

悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷是大型水面舰艇水下防护作战的一种重要形式,其中估计来袭鱼雷的航向是实施拦截的关键。针对鱼雷航向的估计问题,引用基于相遇三角形原理的来袭鱼雷航向估计模型,分析了来袭鱼雷的可能航向角范围。采用数字仿真和仿真模型置信度的决策分析方法,对模型的可信性及其决策风险进行了量化分析。结果表明,该鱼雷航向估计模型可信,可为悬浮式深弹拦截鱼雷的作战训练、战法研讨及其仿真研究提供参考。     

一种适用于拦截高速目标的末段导引律

基于在视线坐标系中的导弹-目标相对运动模型,以控制导弹-目标视线角速度趋于零为基本思想,设计了一种末制导律,用于拦截高超声速目标。以脱靶量和能量消耗为约束条件,以目标无机动时有很好的性能为目的,首先设计了最优制导律;然后,基于滑模控制理论,选择合适的滑模趋近律,对所设计的最优制导律进行改进得到最优滑模制导律;用李雅普诺夫理论证明了该制导律的稳定性,分析了该制导律参数选择条件。仿真结果表明,与最优制导律相比,所设计的制导律对目标机动有较强的鲁棒性,能以直接碰撞的方式拦截高超声速目标。