关于机载火控雷达三防问题的探讨

讨论了潮湿、盐雾、霉菌三种气候环境条件对机载火控雷达的影响,根据海军部队的使用维护特点,提出增强雷达设备“三防”性能的措施。     

基于瞬时转速多特征融合的内燃机各缸工作状态识别

为分析内燃机瞬时转速波动过程与各缸工作相位的对应关系,进而识别各缸工作状态,提出了基于硬件计数原理的内燃机瞬时转速精确测试方法,在某自行火炮发动机上测取了发动机正常工作、燃烧不良和失火工况下的瞬时转速信号。对信号进行频谱分析,并利用分频带滤波方法分离出电调信号和各缸做功冲击信号,进而提出5个特征参数并计算各特征参数的相对偏差和偏差极性,最后根据不同特征参数的相对偏差幅值和偏差极性分布规律判别各缸工作状态并定位状态异常缸。     

恒电量微扰法研究在含Cl-介质Ce3+对航空铝材的缓蚀作用

本文用恒电量微扰法研究了Ce3+对铝合金在0．1mol·L-1NaCl介质中的缓蚀机理及抗孔蚀性。结果表明：铝合金孔蚀诱导过程及其表面形成林转化膜过程具有相同的电化学模式,电化学腐蚀速度控制步骤取决于钝化膜（转化膜）／溶液界面过程。Ce3+对铝合金孔蚀的诱导期和发展期均有抑制作用,形成铈转化膜后,铝基表面阻抗大大提高,耐孔蚀性增强。     

过氧化物对喷气燃料硫化物腐蚀性的抑制作用

过氧化物抑制元素硫等活性硫化物银片腐蚀反应,使喷气燃料银片腐蚀级别降低或不具银片腐蚀作用。过氧化物在喷气燃料中含量受不饱和烃含量、抗氧剂含量、光照等条件影响,是可变的,这会导致变质腐蚀性喷气燃料银片腐蚀级别的可逆变化。添加极少量过氧化物,以反应烯烃计1‰,可以起到银片腐蚀抑制剂作用。     

铜片腐蚀试验结果评价的数字图像处理方法

传统铜片腐蚀结果评定方法存在着一定的局限性与不足,基于数字图像处理的HIS彩色模型,开发了铜片腐蚀试验结果评价软件。评价结果表明,两种试验结果评价方法有很好的一致性,该方法解决了传统试验结果评价中存在的一些问题。     

The crisis of American military assistance: strategic dithering and Fabergé Egg armies

ABSTRACT

The United States has provided substantial amounts of military assistance and aid since the end of World War Two. During the Cold War, it proved vital in protecting numerous regimes from communist takeovers. Successful outcomes occurred when American leaders made large initial aid commitments, and the states had the capacity and political willpower to use it effectively. However, Vietnam was an example of how U.S. support lagged, as leaders in Saigon preferred political survival instead of creating regime legitimacy. Following 9/11, American security aid focused on making weak countries develop stronger security forces. Unfortunately, this created Fabergé egg militaries: expensive and easily broken by insurgents. This article suggests long-term strategic commitments need to be made alongside more resources for the American State Department and similar organizations to focus on the politics of state-building. Finally, this article suggests strategies, such as “whole-of-government” approaches, to improve long-term security and political institution building.     

Can Governments Negotiate With Insurgents? The Latin American Experience

In June 2016, the Colombian Government and the FARC insurgent movement signed a ceasefire agreement, which brings the two sides one step closer to putting an end to over five decades of war. Unfortunately, Latin America has a rich history of insurgent movements, particularly during the cold war era, some of which continue to operate today. Most of these movements disappeared due to military operations, though some did so via peace negotiations. This essay aims to discuss the various ends of Latin American insurgencies to answer whether, indeed, insurgents can be negotiated with.     

Youth Between State and Rebel (Dis)Orders: Contesting Legitimacy from Below in Sub-Sahara Africa

Abstract

The Sahel has gained attention in international politics as one of the central theatres in the war on terrorism. International actors in this war seek alliances with states in the region, reinforcing the latter’s military strength and their legitimacy from outside. At the same time, increasingly-connected young populations question the legitimacy of their states, and contest that legitimacy from within and below. In the absence of states delivering any reasonable form of social contract, young people become torn between different governing orders and find themselves in a liminal space. In this article we present the cases of youth in Mali and Chad, who find themselves in a period of re-definition of their position in society and hence search for legitimate structures representation. In this search they may frame their belonging in terms of ethnicity, religion or political opposition – and increasingly also in adherence to global citizenship. New information flows and connectivity among young people in these regions, and between them and the diaspora, has given a new turn to their search for citizenship/belonging and rightful representation. However, whether their search will be successful in this geopolitical context is questionable.     

直流位置伺服系统改进型IMC-PI控制方法

针对直流位置伺服系统,提出了一种改进型IMC-PI控制方法。引入作用函数,并将其与IMC-PI控制器串联,构成改进型PI控制器,其中IMC-PI控制器根据内模控制原理进行设计,作用函数为系统偏差的微分表达式,其阶次的选择应保证系统开环传递函数为严格正则。改进IMC-PI控制可使系统的调节过程分为作用函数趋近零和保持为零的两个阶段,从而保证系统偏差按照作用函数等于零确定的轨迹趋近于零。仿真结果表明所提方法可使系统具有良好的动态响应性能和鲁棒性。另外,利用Qstudio RP实验平台跟随跟随1+sin(10t)rad正弦信号时,IAE为0.14 rad·s,实验结果表明该方法可有效改善伺服系统的性能。     

伺服系统直流调速系统的改进型内模PD-I控制方法

为提高直流调速系统的控制性能,提出了一种改进型内模PD-I控制器的设计方法。根据直流电机的运行原理,建立了电机输出转速与输入电压变化率之间的数学模型,基于内模控制(Internal Model Control,IMC)原理和Taylor级数展开,设计了一种内模PD控制器,且可通过选择系统的截止频率实现控制器参数的整定。为了获得系统调节所需的控制作用,可将内模PD控制器与积分环节相串联构成改进型内模PD-I控制器,仿真和实验结果表明本方法可使系统获得更好的控制性能。