大型超市火灾危险性及消防安全对策探析

随着大型超市的不断涌现,其消防安全问题越来越受到人们的关注。介绍了大型超市的概念,重点分析了大型超市的火灾危险性,从审验关口、安全疏散、消防设施、消防安全管理、灭火救援预案等方面提出了有针对性的消防安全对策。     

数值模拟气/气喷嘴速度比对燃烧性能的影响

为研究应用于全流量补燃循环发动机的不同气/气喷嘴得到的燃烧流场,通过求解NavierStokes方程组,对不同燃料与氧化剂速度比下的流动燃烧过程进行了数值计算,计算结果与实验结果吻合。仿真结果表明:增加速度比能使燃烧火焰面提前,燃烧效率变大。如果发动机的长度受到限制,可以适当增加速度比以实现高效燃烧。     

阶比谱分析与汽车起动电机故障的实时诊断

本文主要论述阶比谱分析方法及其在汽车起动电机故障实时诊断中的应用。首先阐述了阶比谱分析的原理以及阶比采样中混迭与泄漏的产生及其抑制方法,然后讨论了如何在起动电机运行过程短、升速快的情况下获取感兴趣的噪声信号,进而采用阶比谱分析方法从信号中提取故障特征信息,最后利用阀值判别法起动电机的故障进行实时诊断。     

大型舰船电力系统网络重构研究

大型舰船电力系统的出现使供电方式由原来的辐射状向环形发展,其网络重构是一个崭新的问题.文中给出了大型舰船电力系统的网络拓扑结构并综合考虑了线路容量限制、节点电压约束及供电负荷优先性的重构数学模型,保证了各种情况下最大限度地给负荷供电.将规划遗传算法应用于所建模型的求解,并应用算例验证了此解法的可行性.     

大型活动安保工作的基本模式

安保工作是大型活动的重要组成部分和保障系统。如何提高安保质量和水平,确保大型活动安全有序是我国政府和公安机关普遍关注的一个重要课题。大型活动安保工作的基本模式包括统一组织指挥,实行整体作战;组织安保力量,加强业务培训;拟制安保计划,组织实战演练;划定安全区域,立体多维防控;采用高新技术,强化安保措施;加强国际合作,密切协同配合等内容。     

大空间建筑火灾扑救对策及组织保障探讨

在各类火灾扑救过程中,大空间建筑火灾的扑救是最常见也是最难扑救的一种,如何成功有效地扑救此类火灾是火灾扑救技战术的一个重要而现实的课题,就大空间建筑火灾的特点和攻防对策进行了大胆探讨。     

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper, the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE) are numerically investigated, and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation, instabilities, and propulsive performance. A hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC) systems. A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa, and the equivalence ratio of 0.9, 1, 1.4 are simulated. On one hand, the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves. The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure (1 MPa) and weakened with the increase of the total pressure. The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse. On the other hand, the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities, while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit. It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition. Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1, and 1.4. The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases, which is around 2700 s. The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.     

Research on fuze microswitch based on corona discharge effect

Abnormal voltages such as electrostatic, constant current, and strong electromagnetic signals can erro-neously trigger operation of MEMS pyrotechnics and control systems in a fuze, which may result in casualties. This study designs a solid-state micro-scale switch by combining the corona gas discharge theory of asymmetric electric fields and Peek's Law. The MEMS switch can be transferred from "off" to"on" through the gas breakdown between the corona electrodes. In the model, one of the two electrodes is spherical and the other flat, so a non-uniform electric field is formed around the electrodes. The theoretical work is as follows. First, the relation among the radius of curvature of the spherical electrode, the discharge gap, and the air breakdown voltage is obtained; to meet the low voltage (30-60 V) required to drive the MEMS switch, the radius of curvature of the spherical electrode needs to be 10-50 μm and the discharge gap between the two electrodes needs to be 9-11 μm. Second, the optimal ratio ε is introduced to parameterize the model. Finally, the corona discharge structural parameters are determined by comparing the theoretical and electric field simulation results. The switch is then fabricated via MEMS processing. A hardware test platform is built and the performing chip tested. It is found that when the electrode gap is 9 μm, the electrostatic voltage is at least 37.3 V, with an error of 2.6% between the actual and theoretical air breakdown voltages. When the electrode gap is 11 μm, the electrostatic voltage is at least 42.3 V, with an error of 10.5% between the actual and theoretical air breakdown voltages. Both cases meet the design requirements.     

大口径机枪结构动力学建模方法研究

总结了我国近年来关于大口径机枪结构动力学建模方法研究的主要成果,分析了目前建模方法上存在的某些问题以及对武器装备研制的影响,进一步介绍了边界条件的确定、模型正确性判别和载荷识别等方面的新技术。     

二维超声速混合层的大涡模拟

对二维超声速混合层流动进行大涡模拟。采用五阶精度的WENO格式求解大尺度涡的控制方程,小尺度涡的作用采用Smagorinsky亚格子模型进行模拟。模拟结果再现了二维超声速混合层拟序结构,计算得到了涡组对、合并等现象。通过对流场不同位置压力振荡历程的频谱分析,对超声速混合层中的谐波变化规律作了初步探讨。计算得到的速度剖面的时均统计结果与实验结果相比,吻合程度较好。