KD-RTI/DDM中的组播分配策略

组播技术的应用可以有效提高RTI的实现性能。介绍了组播分配的一般理论和实现方案,详细展示了KD RTI中的组播分配策略,讨论了组播应用过程中出现的问题,同时给出了解决方法。     

学分制条件下高校教学管理工作方法探析

学分制是学分计量学生学习量的教学管理制度,较传统的学年制有一定优越性,学分制只有与教学管理、科学研究、学生工作、后勤服务等各个领域相互配套,才能达到高效、合理、有序的目标。学分制教育教学管理模式的逐步实施,需要教学管理工作有与之相适应的工作方法。     

基于数据库的MO图层控制机制

MapObjects中对图层的控制方法是预先将图层的控制信息写在程序里,在程序运行时对图层进行约束。这种通过编写程序进行控制的方法不但比较麻烦,而且当图层的控制方式发生变化时,维护困难。提出基于数据库的图层管理和控制机制,先将图层的控制信息放在数据表里,系统运行时动态读取图层的控制信息,实现对图层进行方便、直观地约束。     

加强教学管理 构建和谐校园

当前在构建和谐校园背景下全面提升教学管理水平还面临着诸多新挑战，对此进行认真思考和研究，找到提高教学管理质量的新途径和新方法是迫切需要和极为重要的。本文从教学管理的深层内涵以及加强教学管理的重要性和有效途径三方面试做回答。     

军事网络拓扑搜索

叙述了军用网络拓扑发现的特点和存在问题,军用网络拓扑发现的算法分两步:第一步,主干网络级,以路由器为主的网络主构架拓扑发现,给出了实现算法的数据结构和流程图;第二步,子网内拓扑发现,子网发现利用网桥管理对象组的信息,给出以交换机为骨架的子网拓扑,给出了子网拓扑发现算法。对开发网络拓扑发现软件有参考价值。     

A model of supply-chain decisions for resource sharing with an application to ventilator allocation to combat COVID-19

We present a stochastic optimization model for allocating and sharing a critical resource in the case of a pandemic. The demand for different entities peaks at different times, and an initial inventory for a central agency are to be allocated. The entities (states) may share the critical resource with a different state under a risk-averse condition. The model is applied to study the allocation of ventilator inventory in the COVID-19 pandemic by FEMA to different U.S. states. Findings suggest that if less than 60% of the ventilator inventory is available for non-COVID-19 patients, FEMA's stockpile of 20 000 ventilators (as of March 23, 2020) would be nearly adequate to meet the projected needs in slightly above average demand scenarios. However, when more than 75% of the available ventilator inventory must be reserved for non-COVID-19 patients, various degrees of shortfall are expected. In a severe case, where the demand is concentrated in the top-most quartile of the forecast confidence interval and states are not willing to share their stockpile of ventilators, the total shortfall over the planning horizon (until May 31, 2020) is about 232 000 ventilator days, with a peak shortfall of 17 200 ventilators on April 19, 2020. Results are also reported for a worst-case where the demand is at the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. An important finding of this study is that a central agency (FEMA) can act as a coordinator for sharing critical resources that are in short supply over time to add efficiency in the system. Moreover, through properly managing risk-aversion of different entities (states) additional efficiency can be gained. An additional implication is that ramping up production early in the planning cycle allows to reduce shortfall significantly. An optimal timing of this production ramp-up consideration can be based on a cost-benefit analysis.     

The effect of a temporary product distribution channel on supply chain performance

We analyze a supply chain of a manufacturer and two retailers, a permanent retailer who always stocks the manufacturer's product and an intermittent deal‐of‐the day retailer who sells the manufacturer's product online for a short time. We find that without a deal‐of‐the‐day (DOTD) retailer, it is suboptimal for the manufacturer to offer a quantity discount while it is optimal for the retailer to offer periodic price discounts to consumers. With the addition of a DOTD retailer, it is likely to be optimal for the manufacturer to offer a quantity discount. We show that even without market expansion, i.e., no exclusive DOTD retailer consumers, opening the intermittent channel can leave the permanent retailer no worse‐off while increasing the manufacturer's profit. We identify the regular and discounted wholesale prices and the threshold quantity at which the manufacturer should give the discount. We also identify the optimal retail prices. We find that opening the intermittent channel increases the profit of the manufacturer, is likely to decrease the average retail price and to increase sales, and may increase the permanent retailer's profit. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 505–528, 2016     

复杂电磁环境下的电磁频谱管理效能评估研究

针对复杂电磁环境下的电磁频谱管理效能评估问题,提出一套系统地效能评估方法.首先对效能评估的指标体系进行了分析,然后提出了一种多模型混合的效能评估方法,最后对整个过程中效能评估的流程进行研究.通过实例仿真研究表明,该方法可以有效地对复杂电磁频谱下的电磁频谱管理效能进行评估.     

Retailer's rationale to refuse consumer returns in supply chains

While accepting consumer returns has long been proposed as a solution to resolve the consumer valuation uncertainty problem, there are still a sizable portion of retailers who insist on a “no return” policy. In this article, we offer an economic rationale for these seemingly unreasonable strategies in a supply chain context. We demonstrate when and why the retailer may benefit from refusing consumer returns, even though offering consumer returns allows the supply chain to implement the expostmarket segmentation. Granting the retailer the right to refuse consumer returns may sometimes improve supply chain efficiency: it eliminates the manufacturer's attempt to induce inefficient consumer returns and bring the equilibrium back to that in the vertically integrated benchmark. We also find that the refund and the retail price can move in the opposite directions when product reliability varies, and consumer returns have a nontrivial impact on the quality choice. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 686–701, 2015     

Environmental regulation in project‐based industries

We study the environmental regulation of industrial activities that are organized as projects. Applications arise in construction, ship and aircraft building, and film making, among other industries. Relative to manufacturing, environmental regulation is different in project‐based industries, due to the uniqueness and geographical diversity of projects, and a lack of product takeback programs. Because the amount of waste and pollution generated by project companies can be large, regulators need environmental policies to ensure reduction of waste and pollution. We consider a regulator who attempts to maximize social welfare. We model this problem as a bilevel nonlinear program. The upper level regulator specifies waste reduction targets, which the lower level project companies meet using waste stream reduction and remediation of pollution, while attempting to control their project costs. We find that high waste diversion targets lead to outcomes with little pollution, but excessive project costs and only modest waste stream reduction. Projects that have lower task precedence density, or that have pollutants with different environmental impacts, show larger increases in project cost and time resulting from regulation. We describe a subsidy for waste stream reduction that coordinates the system, and we estimate the value of coordination. We also describe a bonus that encourages truthful reporting by project companies, and evaluate the relative cost and effectiveness of the subsidy and the bonus. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 228–247, 2015