单平台三维传感器组网配准的最小二乘法

针对单平台多部三维传感器组网的校准和姿态偏差给出了一种综合估计算法。根据不同传感器跟踪相同目标时的空中叠合条件,由一阶泰勒展式导出了相对偏差的线性化公式,再利用最小二乘法实时估计出传感器量测间存在的偏差,从而进行配准。本算法对传感器近距离组网或者单舰多传感器组网的配准具有较好的精度和稳健性。     

On‐line parameter estimation for a partially observable system subject to random failure

In this paper, we study the on‐line parameter estimation problem for a partially observable system subject to deterioration and random failure. The state of the system evolves according to a continuous time homogeneous Markov process with a finite state space. The system state is not observable, except for the failure state. The information related to the system state is available at discrete times through inspections. A recursive maximum likelihood (RML) algorithm is proposed for the on‐line parameter estimation of the model. The RML algorithm proposed in the paper is considerably faster and easier to apply than other RML algorithms in the literature, because it does not require projection into the constraint domain and calculation of the gradient on the surface of the constraint manifolds. The algorithm is illustrated by an example using real vibration data. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

高动态环境的GPS信号互模糊函数估计器及其性能分析

为了更可靠地跟踪高动态环境GPS信号参数,提出了一种新的适应高动态环境的GPS参数估计方法———互模糊函数方法。在假定高信噪比的条件下,推导了互模糊函数估计器的估计方差以及Cram er-Rao界,得出了采用互模糊函数法对高动态环境GPS信号的时延和多普勒频移进行联合估计是渐近无偏和渐近有效的结论。     

二维弹道修正弹及其制导控制技术综述

针对二维弹道修正弹这类具有广泛应用前景的智能弹药,综述了二维弹道修正弹的发展、主要修正机构方案及其制导控制技术。对二维弹道修正弹的研制历程进行总结,梳理发展脉络揭示其发展规律,分析二维修正弹的打击任务。对几种主流修正方案进行讨论,分析各机构的作用特点及研究难点。基于二维弹道修正弹打击任务需求,从气动辨识及状态估计算法、修正机构参数优化设计算法和制导律三个方面总结其控制技术的发展现状。着重介绍近年来发展迅猛的智能算法,特别是神经网络理论在二维修正弹控制算法领域的研究应用。进一步指出二维弹道修正弹的控制研究需解决的主要技术难点和未来发展方向,为二维弹道修正的设计提供思路。     

Influence of porosity distribution on nonlinear free vibration and transient responses of porous functionally graded skew plates

This article deals with the investigation of the effects of porosity distributions on nonlinear free vibration and transient analysis of porous functionally graded skew (PFGS) plates. The effective material properties of the PFGS plates are obtained from the modified power-law equations in which gradation varies through the thickness of the PFGS plate. A nonlinear finite element (FE) formulation for the overall PFGS plate is derived by adopting first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) in conjunction with von Karman’s nonlinear strain displacement relations. The governing equations of the PFGS plate are derived using the principle of virtual work. The direct iterative method and Newmark’s integration technique are espoused to solve nonlinear mathematical relations. The influences of the porosity distributions and porosity parameter indices on the nonlinear frequency responses of the PFGS plate for different skew angles are studied in various parameters. The effects of volume fraction grading index and skew angle on the plate’s nonlinear dynamic responses for various porosity distributions are illustrated in detail.     

Recursive weighted least squares estimation algorithm based on minimum model error principle

Kalman filter is commonly used in data filtering and parameters estimation of nonlinear system,such as projectile's trajectory estimation and control.While there is a drawback that the prior error covariance matrix and filter parameters are difficult to be determined,which may result in filtering divergence.As to the problem that the accuracy of state estimation for nonlinear ballistic model strongly depends on its mathematical model,we improve the weighted least squares method(WLSM)with minimum model error principle.Invariant embedding method is adopted to solve the cost function including the model error.With the knowledge of measurement data and measurement error covariance matrix,we use gradient descent algorithm to determine the weighting matrix of model error.The uncertainty and linearization error of model are recursively estimated by the proposed method,thus achieving an online filtering estimation of the observations.Simulation results indicate that the proposed recursive esti-mation algorithm is insensitive to initial conditions and of good robustness.     

强迫振动法大跨度桥梁节段模型气动导数辨识

研制了桥梁节段模型颤振导数测定的二维强迫振动实验装置,采用变频调速技术实现对振动频率的控制,模型惯性力、气动力的测量采用了特殊设计的测力元件,模型运动用压电式加速度计进行测量。实验时,模型分别作单自由度的竖弯或扭转的简谐运动,通过测量模型所受到的气动力及模型位移,应用谱分析方法和非线性曲线拟合算法实现了对八个颤振气动导数的辨识,并通过平板模型实验数据与Theodorsen理想平板数据及国外文献数据对比对实验装置及辨识算法进行了检验。     

基于改进差分进化算法的内弹道参数优化

火炮内弹道参数直接影响其计算结果,内弹道参数优化设计是内弹道分析计算的重要环节。基于经典内弹道计算模型,以火药内弹道计算中最为敏感的燃速指数及其燃速系数为设计参量,以最大膛压及弹丸初速的计算值与测试值一致性为目标,对差分进化算法群体的初始化、变异因子及变异模式进行了改进,对某型火炮的内弹道参数进行了优化计算。优化设计结果表明改进后的差分进化算法满足内弹道设计工程实践要求,为内弹道参数优化设计提供了一种有效的算法。     

导弹气动参数的分割法辨识

介绍了分割辨识算法及其在导弹气动参数辨识中的应用,并以某导弹为例,采用分割辨识算法对其气动参数进行了估计。仿真计算表明,分割辨识算法计算量小、计算速度快,且精度满足要求。     

消防设备的费用估算

通过对防火设备、灭火装备的费用估算,介绍如何利用数学建模的方式进行消防设备费用估算的具体方法,并对火灾过程中装备费用的精确估算方法进行了初步探讨.