基于星载照射源的被动SAR系统时频同步误差影响分析

时间和频率同步问题是基于星载照射源的被动SAR系统的关键技术之一。为了研究时、频同步误差对其成像的影响,针对系统工作特性,分析了时、频同步误差的产生机理,建立了时、频同步误差模型,并利用二阶距离模型和RD成像算法,建立了完整的时、频同步误差到成像结果的传递模型,仿真验证了理论分析的准确性。理论推导和仿真计算结果指出了基于星载照射源的被动SAR系统对时间同步和频率同步的精度要求。分析结论对于指导基于星载照射源的被动SAR系统设计及同步方法研究具有重要意义。     

Contents and Author Index,Volume 20, 2013

The United States has multiple nuclear detection initiatives to secure against a terrorist nuclear attack, including the Container Security Initiative, installation of radiation detectors at U.S. border points of entry, and establishment of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO). The current nuclear detection system architecture falls short of being able to reliably catch fissile nuclear material in transit, specifically shielded Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) and Plutonium (Pu), both within the US and abroad. Checkpoints at border crossings can be circumvented, and no adequate system is under development to deter the transport of fissile materials. Using nuclear link-budget calculations, we show why a network relying primarily on handhelds, fixed detectors, and portals is not sufficient. We examine the technical, economic, and operational feasibility of a comprehensive national network incorporating in-vehicle detectors to reliably detect and deter the transport of fissile material inside the vehicle itself.     

双站测向与测时差组合定位精度分析

针对无源雷达测向与测时差组合定位问题,提出一种利用前者量测结果为后者构建假量测点和协方差的新方法,并采用凸组合法对测向与假量测结果进行融合,得出综合定位精度的分布。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地利用两种完全不同的量测数据,提高目标的定位精度,同时给出的GDOP理论值可以真实反映组合量测的性能,具有一定的应用价值。     

融合地理信息的粒子滤波被动跟踪算法

在粒子滤波机动目标跟踪中,为避免粒子集退化现象,通常采取大量的初始粒子数,因而带来了运算量大、跟踪精度低的问题.融合目标舰可能的航线及地理位置先验信息,将约束条件加入到粒子更新迭代中,对粒子的分布和权值进行调整.通过仿真对比加入约束前后算法的跟踪性能,可以看出融合地理信息后,较好地解决了粒子滤波计算量大的难题,提高了纯方位跟踪定位的精度.     

当前城中村消防安全问题分析及对策探讨

随着城镇化的快速发展,“城中村”火灾多发,形势严峻.对现阶段“城中村”的火灾特点进行了分析,结合工作实际,提出并分析了“城中村”存在的消防安全问题,就如何提升“城中村”抗御火灾能力提出了防火对策.     

量子雷达的技术体制

当前,量子信息理论正在蓬勃发展,其应用已经深入到自然科学的各个领域.量子雷达是量子信息技术在目标探测上的具体应用,可探测隐身目标,具有超强的隐蔽性和机动性.主要介绍了量子雷达的分类、原理、系统组成、特点和关键技术问题.     

基于方位特征序列的地雷鉴别算法

在使用低频超宽带合成孔径雷达(UWB-SAR)对地雷进行探测的过程中,根据目标电磁散射随方位角和入射角的变化特性,提出一种利用双峰间距和频率凹点特征沿方位向变化的隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)鉴别算法。该算法首先针对目标感兴趣区域(ROI)图像估计其各方位回波响应,然后利用时频原子提取时域双峰间距和频率凹点,进而得到随方位角变化的特征序列,再通过SAR工作时方位角和入射角的变化特点以及训练样本确定HMM参数,并在此基础上计算疑似目标新的特征矢量,采用马氏距离进行判别。实验结果表明了本文所提方法在目标鉴别方面的有效性。     

Effects of module number and firing condition on charge thermal safety in gun chamber

Thermal safety of modular charge which is fed into and retained in the chamber after gun fires consecutively is first investigated with cook-off method.A two-dimensional cook-off model of modular charge in gun chamber is established and the cook-off process of modular charge in gun chamber is numerically simulated.Then the effects of module number and firing condition on charge thermal safety are evaluated by researching the cook-off response characteristics of modules.The results show that,under conditions of different module numbers the cook-off responses all occur on the module closest to the boundary of missile,and the single-base propellants located at the inner surface of cartridge ignite first.When the number of loaded module changes from 1 to 6,the cook-off response temperatures vary little,only in a small range of 478.1 K-482.4 K.The cook-off response times decrease logarithmically in the range of 211.2 s-166.7 s with the increasing length of residual air gap in gun chamber.The simulation results are well matched with the experimental data.Furthermore,different firing conditions have great influence on the cook-off response time,minor influence on the initial response position and little in-fluence on the response temperature.Under the three conditions of consecutive 32 launches with 5 rounds/min,43 launches with 1 round/min,and 41 launches with different firing frequencies,the cook-off response temperatures are 479.2 K,481.1 K and 479.9 K respectively and the response times are 709.2 s,211.2 s and 214.4 s respectively.The response position is near the middle area of the inner cartridge surface in the former condition and near the right area in the latter two conditions.     

Establishment,simulation and verification of firepower safety control model

On a narrow warship platform, the coordinated use of shipborne weapon systems may cause firepower conflicts, which seriously endangers the ship safety. Meanwhile, with directed-energy weapons mounted on ships, firepower conflicts between weapons become a “high probability event”. Aiming at the problem of firepower safety control, based on the research about the collision probability model of air crafts and space targets and according to the cone of fire model of conventional weapons and directed-energy weapons, this paper solved the firepower conflict probabilities between conventional weapons as well as between conventional weapons and directed-energy weapons respectively using the methods of probability theory, and established the firepower safety control model. Then the calculation of firepower conflict probability was carried out using the dimensionality reduction method based on the equivalent conversion of polar coordinates and the power series method based on Laplace transform. The simulation results revealed that the proposed model and calculation methods are effective and reliable, which can provide theoretical basis and technical support for resolution of firepower conflicts between weapons.     

新疆汉语方言区普通话水平测试各等级语音面貌分析

在普通话水平测试(简称为PSC)中严格按照国家语委制定的普通话水平等级标准(试行),对应试人的普通话水平进行界定,是保证测试科学、公平、真实的基础。在普通话水平测试工作中,测试员根据应试人保留或残留的方言语音痕迹进行评分定级,是一个庞大而又细致的研究课题。本文从语音方面入手,对新疆汉语方言区普通话水平测试各等级进行分析,以期准确描述出各等级的语音面貌。