Security sector stabilisation in counterinsurgency operations: the case of Afghanistan

This article argues that the debate on security sector reform (SSR) needs to be taken further by taking into consideration the fact that, even though the SSR concept was not originally developed as an element in stabilising states undergoing an insurgency, it is very much being used for exactly that. When conducting counterinsurgency with a focus on the creation of stability, the baseline will ultimately have to be security sector stabilisation (SSS) as a precondition for complete SSR implementation. However, the two must be connected to avoid them undermining each other. This is important if a comprehensive approach to programme implementation and especially sustainability is to guide the programme, and not just isolated ‘train and equip’ stand-alone projects that do not solve either the initial need for stabilisation or the long-term need for accountable security forces. Currently, in Afghanistan the surge for security by the international military is in danger of overtaking the other elements of the SSR, thereby undermining the primary end state and thus risking laying the wrong foundation for the long-term process of SSR.     

Army reconstruction in the Democratic Republic of the Congo 2003–2009

Since the peace agreements of 2002–2003 which ended the second war in the Democratic Republic of Congo, reconstruction of the army has been an inherently political process, in common with other attempts to carry out security sector reform (SSR). This article briefly sketches out the Congolese army's history, then attempts to fill a gap in the literature on Congolese SSR by detailing what can be found of the actual structure and shape of the present army. The efforts that have been made to reform the army are then examined, followed by a conclusion which examines the major issues and possible ways forward.     

带限信号高频重建频域极小化外推算法

通过离散Fourier变换,给出了一个频域极小化外推算法。该算法能较好地抑制噪声干扰,其计算量小,计算机仿真结果表明,该方法有良好的应用前景。     

军品能力建设项目后的一种评价方法

由于军品的特殊性,其后评价标准与其他民品项目有所不同,根据军品技改项目的特点结合一般项目后评价内容,确定了军品技改项目后评价指标体系,共分为项目目标评价、项目实施管理评价、项目生产运营评价、项目生产力评价、项目经营效益评价、项目影响评价和项目持续性评价等7部分25个指标小项,并采用层次灰色法建立了军品技改项目后评价模型,为客观科学地进行军品技改项目的后评价提供了依据.     

信息化条件下装备器材供应链设计与重构研究

现行装备器材供应存在着供应渠道过长、不能快速响应等问题,为此通过对装备器材供应链进行集成化体系结构模型设计与构建,探讨了装备器材供应链的重构策略,分别从信息流模式重构、业务流程重构和物流体系重构等3个主要方面对装备器材供应链重构策略进行了分析与探讨,以实现装备器材供应链的快速响应.     

Military Power: A Reply

This article argues that the prewar planning process for postwar Iraq was plagued by myriad problems, including a dysfunctional interagency process, overly optimistic assumptions, and a lack of contingency planning for alternative outcomes. These problems were compounded by a lack of civilian capacity during the occupation period, which led to a complicated and often uncoordinated relationship with the military authorities who found themselves taking the lead in many reconstruction activities. Taken together, these mistakes meant that US success on the battlefield was merely a prelude to a postwar insurgency whose outcome remains very much in doubt more than three years later.     

降维状态观测器的两种设计方法及算例

降维状态观测器是非常重要的一类观测器,它使采用状态反馈构成闭环系统的物理实现成为可能。降维状态观测器的设计方法很多,笔者在一种常用设计方法的基础上,推导出对应的另一种设计方法,这将使降维观测器设计考虑的情况更全面,为使用方便,针对这两种方法给出了算例。     

What explains the failure of U.S. army reconstruction in Afghanistan?

ABSTRACT

This author wrote his doctorate thesis on post-conflict army reconstruction, submitting it in 2011. Continued research on the subject in the intervening seven years indicates that his theoretical propositions can be refined and improved. This article examines refinements to the model, and then applies those refinements in detail to the Afghan case. In so doing, it shifts the focus from potentially altruistic state-building to a case that was driven by pure national-strategic interests. Issues surrounding the liberal peace ideology dominate recent army reconstruction in conflict-affected states. The liberal peace underpinning is of supreme importance, so much so that in many discussions, it is internalised and accepted virtually without thought. This paper will advance the body of knowledge by establishing, for the first time, a theoretical basis for the widespread failure of army reconstruction in Afghanistan. The empirical basis builds on extensive previous research by other scholars. The resulting model can also be applied to better explain outcomes in other similar cases.     

图像超分辨率卷积神经网络加速算法

为了实现模型的实时和嵌入式运行，提出了一种轻量级的卷积神经网络结构。通过采用较小的滤波器尺寸和引入深度可分离卷积，可大量减少模型参数，提高模型非线性表达能力；在网络末端引入子像素卷积层，直接从原始低分辨率图像学习到高分辨率图像的映射，计算成本为原来的1/k²(k为放大因子)。在Set5数据集上的实验表明，所提模型的速度较经典的图像超分辨率重建算法速度提高了25.8倍，能够在通用GPU上实时运行，峰值信噪比平均提高了0.17 dB，并且参数只有它的35%。     

代谢网络结构特征的生物信息学研究

作为生物信息学的重要研究内容,近年来代谢网络结构特征方面的研究取得了许多成果。回顾了代谢网络的重构和表示方法,重点综述了代谢网络宏观结构特征所蕴含的生物学意义,以及拓扑特征所揭示的网络演化过程和网络稳健性信息,提出了目前研究中仍然存在的问题及可能的解决思路,并对将来的研究趋势进行了阐述。