一种变质心高速旋转炮弹鲁棒姿态控制律

针对采用变质心技术的高速旋转炮弹的姿态控制问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器的动态面控制方法。根据由弹体和单滑块组成的多体系统的特点,建立了系统的姿态动力学模型,并对其进行了合理的简化。将系统的滚转通道引起的强耦合、建模误差及外部扰动等视为未知不确定干扰,并且考虑由于炮弹尺寸限制而引起的多体系统控制输入(滑块位移)的有限性,设计了扩张状态观测器和辅助系统,分别对系统的干扰进行观测以及处理控制输入的有限性,综合动态面控制技术设计了姿态控制律,最后基于李雅普诺夫稳定性原理证明了控制器的稳定性。仿真结果表明,该控制器能够在克服干扰的前提下快速稳定地跟踪指令信号,具有良好的控制精度和鲁棒性。     

高原环境对弹丸动态稳定性的影响

分析了高原环境低空气密度对弹丸动态稳定性的影响。给出了弹道坐标系中的力方程组和非滚转弹体坐标系中的力矩方程组,并通过线性化方法得到弹丸角运动的状态空间模型。列出了角运动状态矩阵的四个特征根,并利用复数平方根计算方法得到特征根实部的表达式。提出弹丸动态稳定性稳定因子的新定义,并证明新的动态稳定条件与传统的动态稳定条件是一致的。讨论了低空气密度对尾翼稳定弹和旋转稳定弹动态稳定性的影响,并通过仿真说明弹丸在高原条件和平原条件下的动态稳定性存在差异。     

Effects of material of metallic frame on the penetration resistances of ceramic-metal hybrid structures

The effects of metallic material on the penetration resistances of ceramic-metal hybrid structures against vertical long-rod tungsten projectiles were studied by artillery-launched experiments and numerical simulation. Hybrid structures with rectangular cores in transverse orthogonal arrangement and slide-fitting ceramic inserts of zirconia toughened alumina prisms were fabricated with titanium alloy TC4 (Ti6Al4V), AISI 4340 steel and 7075 aluminum alloy panels, respectively. The results showed that the hybrid structure of Ti6Al4V exhibited the highest penetration resistance, followed by that of 7075 aluminum alloy with the same area density. The penetration resistance of the hybrid structure of AISI 4340 steel was the lowest. The underlying mechanisms showed that the metallic material of a ceramic-metal hybrid structure can directly affect its energy absorption from the impact projectile, which further affects its penetration resistance. Different metallic frames exhibited different failure characteristics, resulting in different constraint conditions or support conditions for ceramic prisms. The high penetration resistance of the Ti6Al4V hybrid structure was due to its stronger back support to ceramic prisms as compared with that of AISI 4340 steel hybrid structure, and better constraint condition for ceramic prisms by metallic webs as compared with that of 7075 aluminum alloy hybrid structure. The results of mass efficiency and thickness efficiency showed that the Ti6Al4V hybrid structure has advantages in reducing both the thickness and the mass of protective structure. In addition, because the ceramic-metal hybrid structures in the present work were heterogeneous, impact position has slight influence on their penetration resistances.     

三维边界积分方程中的奇异积分的处理

针对三维边界积分方程中奇异积分的不同形式分别进行了讨论,用刚体位移原理消除强奇异因子,用线性位移函数消除弱奇异因子,在计算工作量大大减少的情况下,保证了原求解精度的要求,并通过数值算例表明了该方法的可行性。     

决定电视侦察弹射击诸元弹道模型的建立与仿真

在分析电视侦察弹各阶段弹道特点的基础上,建立了求取弹道诸元和射击诸元的弹道数学模型,给出了简单、精确、快速逼近目标的方法,并利用该模型进行了弹道逼近和决定射击诸元的模拟计算.结果表明在初始射角赋予非常简单的条件下,只用两条弹道,再通过一次插值,即可逼近开舱点,获得射击开始(装定)诸元.此模型和方法可用于射表编制和指挥自动化系统.     

舰炮一维弹道修正弹对岸校射方法研究

一维弹道修正弹是近年来兵器领域新研制的一种低成本信息化弹药，目前对其校射方法尚未有成熟的标准。为此，在分析一维弹道修正弹对岸射击工作原理、计算有无控弹试射的基础上，提出舰炮武器系统使用有控一维弹道修正弹的校射新方法，并确定了校射的组数和发数。分别对使用新方法前后的射击效能进行了数值仿真，结果表明本方法能极大地提高舰炮武器系统的射击效能。所提方法对舰炮武器作战效能的提高具有较强的理论价值和一定的参考意义。     

新疆锡伯族幼儿3～6岁体质现状及特点的调查与分析

为了解和掌握新疆锡伯族幼儿3～6岁体质现状，科学评价新疆锡伯族幼儿3—6岁的体质健康水平，通过对新疆681名男、女幼儿的身体形态、身体机能、身体素质的指标测试与分析，揭示了锡伯族幼儿男、女幼儿各年龄段体质状况及特点。结果表明：新疆锡伯幼儿3—6岁男女性体质状况随着年龄的增加而呈现出明显提高趋势，且男女性在年龄间、性别间增减幅度不同，总体上，男幼儿体质好于女幼儿。建议各级政府应增加资金投入，为幼儿园增设体育锻炼器材、场地，配备专职体育教师，规范幼儿体育教学并进行系统的幼儿体育锻炼。     

长杆弹垂直侵彻横向运动板的数值分析

对钨合金长杆弹垂直侵彻横向运动钢板的偏转角变化规律进行了理论及仿真研究。采用刚体力学理论推导了刚体长杆弹侵彻横向运动钢板的偏转角公式。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件对RIGID及STEINBERG两种材料模型长杆弹垂直侵彻横向运动JOHNSON-COOK模型钢板进行了仿真,根据长杆弹头部和尾部横向相对运动规律,得到了长杆弹的偏转规律。仿真结果表明:板的横向运动速度越大,长杆弹偏转角越大,且偏转角在整个侵彻过程中一直保持增大的趋势。     

Moving horizon based wavelet de-noising method of dual-observed geomagnetic signal for nonlinear high spin projectile roll positioning

Phase-frequency characteristics of approximate sinusoidal geomagnetic signals can be used for projectile roll positioning and other high-precision trajectory correction applications. The sinusoidal geomagnetic signal deforms in the exposed and magnetically contaminated environment. In order to preciously recognize the roll information and effectively separate the noise component from the original geomagnetic sequence, based on the error source analysis, we propose a moving horizon based wavelet de-noising method for the dual-observed geomagnetic signal filtering where the captured rough roll frequency value provides reasonable wavelet decomposition and reconstruction level selection basis for sampled sequence; a moving horizon window guarantees real-time performance and non-cumulative calculation amount. The complete geomagnetic data in full ballistic range and three intercepted paragraphs are used for performance assessment. The positioning performance of the moving horizon wavelet de-noising method is compared with the band-pass filter. The results show that both noise reduction techniques improve the positioning accuracy while the wavelet de-noising method is always better than the band-pass filter. These results suggest that the proposed moving horizon based wavelet de-noising method of the dual-observed geomagnetic signal is more applicable for various launch conditions with better positioning performance.