基于GRA法的军工企业财务竞争力评价

2015年,“军民融合发展战略”上升为国家战略。在政策引导下,我国军工集团将资产拆分上市,开始加快直面市场的步伐。由于曾经的管理体制、经营目标与市场经济不适应等原因,此类企业存在财务理念滞后、能力较弱的问题,需要提升财务竞争力。为解决这一问题,本文通过改良得到适于军工企业的财务竞争力评价指标体系;基于军工企业财务竞争力,利用灰色关联度分析法对军工集团实际控制的62家上市公司进行排序,识别出标杆企业中国船舶重工股份有限公司和北京四维图新科技股份有限公司。研究表明,军工企业财务竞争力普遍较弱,应当根据标杆企业财务竞争力提升的经验,构建战略联盟,应用共享服务的财务管理新模式,提升基础财务能力。     

Electronic warfare in the optical band: Main features,examples and selected measurement data

The paper presents the possibilities of, and methods for, acquiring, analysing and processing optical signals in order to recognise, identify and counteract threats on the contemporary battleground. The main ways electronic warfare is waged in the optical band of the electromagnetic wave spectrum have been formulated, including the acquisition of optical emitter signatures, as well as ultraviolet (UV) and thermal (IR) signatures. The physical parameters and values describing the emission of laser radiation are discussed, including their importance in terms of creating optical signatures. Moreover, it has been shown that in the transformation of optical signals into signatures, only their spectral and temporal parameters can be applied. This was confirmed in experimental part of the paper, which includes our own measurements of spectral and temporal emission characteristics for three types of binocular laser rangefinders. It has been further shown that through simple registration and quick analysis involving comparison of emission time parameters in the case of UV signatures in “solar-blind” band, various events can be identified quickly and faultlessly. The same is true for IR signatures, where the amplitudes of the recorded signal for several wavelengths are compared. This was confirmed experimentally for UV signatures by registering and then analyzing signals from several events during military exercises at a training ground, namely Rocket Propelled Grenade (RPG) launches and explosions after hitting targets, trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosions, firing armour-piercing, fin-stabilised, discarding sabots (APFSDS) or high explosive (HE) projectiles. The final section describes a proposed model database of emitters, created as a result of analysing and transforming the recorded signals into optical signatures.     

Relative performance of novel blast wave mitigation system to conventional system based on mitigation percent criteria

Recent researches focused on developing robust blast load mitigation systems due to the threats of terrorist attacks. One of the main embraced strategies is the structural systems that use mitigation techniques. They are developed from a combination of structural elements and described herein as conventional systems. Among the promising techniques is that redirect the waves propagation through hollow tubes. The blast wave propagation through tubes provides an efficient system since it combines many blast wave phenomena, such as reflection, diffraction, and interaction. In this research, a novel blast load mitigation system, employed as a protection fence, is developed using a technique similar to the technique of the bent tube in manipulating the shock-wave. The relative performance of the novel system to the conventional system is evaluated based on mitigation percent criteria. Performances of both systems are calculated through numerical simulation. The proposed novel system proved to satisfy high performance in mitigating the generated blast waves from charges weight up to 500 kg TNT at relatively small standoff distances (5 m and 8 m). It mitigates at least 94％ of the blast waves, which means that only 6％ of that blast impulse is considered as the applied load on the targeted structure.     

电子战系统效能的模糊评估方法

电子战装备的系统作战效能分析一直是个较为复杂的问题。在阐述电子战系统作战效能概念的基础上,根据电子战装备的分类,建立了电子战系统效能评估的指标评价体系框架,对电子对抗装备中较为重要的侦察、干扰设备效能评估指标进行了分析。对基于模糊数学综合评判和层次分析法理论的电子战系统作战效能评估的研究作了较为详细的分析,并进行了应用仿真。     

基于BP神经网络的雷达网抗干扰性能综合评估

在分析目前综合评估雷达网抗干扰性能时遇到困难后,探讨了利用BP人工神经网络良好的非线性函数逼近特性来解决这一问题的可行性,并分析了在用这种方法建模评估的过程中需要注意的各种问题;其中侧重对在具体构造评估模型时输入输出评估指标集的确定方法和模型的训练验证方法进行了研究,并进一步分析了建立的模型可能的用途。最后指出这种思路也可以推广到对类似的复杂信息系统的综合评估中。     

船舶摇摆运动对船载炮射击的影响

从船舶在海浪中运动模型出发,结合炮兵射击学原理,研究船舶摇摆导致火炮基座运动以及杆臂效应导致子惯导初始对准误差等因素对火炮射击的影响,主要针对船载炮射击在距离与方向的影响进行分析。并提出了采用初始装定误差补偿的方法消除船舶运动与杆臂效应对射击的影响。     

基于AHP的灰色评估模型及其应用

以灰色系统理论为基础,将层次分析法与灰色评估法相结合,建立了基于AHP的灰色评估模型,论述了利用该模型进行评估的基本步骤,并对数字化部队作战效能评估进行了研究,给出了评估数字化部队作战效能的具体过程。实例表明,这种评估方法科学合理,可以减少主观因素的影响,提高评估结论的准确性,为数字化部队作战效能评估提供了一种新方法。     

指挥自动化系统效能评价指标体系的结构

从一般系统评价中效能的基本概念入手,给出了指挥自动化系统效能评价中效能的分类及各类的定义,总结了指挥自动化系统效能评价的特点,引入一类新的效能——作战任务效能;在此基础上提出了指挥自动化系统效能评价指标体系的结构,即“作战效能指标——作战任务效能指标——系统效能指标——系统性能指标”的四层指标结构,并进一步研究了指挥自动化系统效能评价过程中各类指标之间的关系。     

油库安全事故致因机理及安全评价方法研究

首先基于油库安全和事故状态分析,将油库安全事故的影响因素分为人的行为、物的状态、管理和环境四个要素,提出油库安全事故致因新模式,即两种安全模式和一种事故致因模式,以从源头上控制油库事故的发生。其次,依据致因模式,建立了油库安全状况评价指标体系,包括人员、装(设)备、材料、环境、方法,有助于评判油库安全状况。最后,依据安全事故新模式和安全评价指标体系,提出了油库安全保障体系,包括安全教育、安全技术培训、安全法规、安全监督、安全预案与救援、安全设施建设等体系。     

国外先进战斗机电子对抗系统的发展

首先介绍国外F-22和F-35为代表的先进战斗机的电子战系统和其他欧洲先进战斗机的电子战系统等发展情况。对未来战斗机电子战系统的综合特点和基本功能进行了比较详细的分析和描述,最后叙述了未来战斗机的航空电子系统将设计成为一体化共平台,电子战系统与一体化的航空电子系统融合成为一个功能系统,并描述了这种先进的电子战系统的作战能力。