带落角约束的再入机动弹头的复合导引律

针对再入机动弹头垂直打击目标的要求,研究了具有末端落角约束的复合导引律.该导引律包括俯冲平面内的制导方程和转弯平面内的制导方程,通过在最优导引律的基础上引入滑模变结构控制,增强导引律的鲁棒性.为了减小控制量的抖振和能量损耗,提出了采用RBF(径向基函数)神经网络自适应调节切换项增益的方案,数学仿真验证了该方案的有效性.仿真结果还表明,与最优导引律相比,复合导引律在外界干扰的影响下仍能保持较高的制导精度.     

Two‐stage component test plans for testing the reliability of a series system

A system reliability is often evaluated by individual tests of components that constitute the system. These component test plans have advantages over complete system based tests in terms of time and cost. In this paper, we consider the series system with n components, where the lifetime of the i‐th component follows exponential distribution with parameter λ_i. Assuming test costs for the components are different, we develop an efficient algorithm to design a two‐stage component test plan that satisfies the usual probability requirements on the system reliability and in addition minimizes the maximum expected cost. For the case of prior information in the form of upper bounds on λ_i's, we use the genetic algorithm to solve the associated optimization problems which are otherwise difficult to solve using mathematical programming techniques. The two‐stage component test plans are cost effective compared to single‐stage plans developed by Rajgopal and Mazumdar. We demonstrate through several numerical examples that our approach has the potential to reduce the overall testing costs significantly. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 49: 95–116, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.1051     

再入弹道参数自适应估计

本文研究再入弹道参数的自适应估计。所采用的方法对动力学模型噪声的未知统计特性进行补偿,并对状态参数与测量设备的系统误差交叉进行估计。仿真结果表明,无论是状态参数的估计还是测量系统误差的估计,都具有较高的精度。     

Technical note: Worst‐case performance of power‐of‐two policies for serial inventory systems with incremental quantity discounts

This study presents power‐of‐two policies for a serial inventory system with constant demand rate and incremental quantity discounts at the most upstream stage. It is shown that an optimal solution is nested and follows a zero‐inventory ordering policy. To prove the effectiveness of power‐of‐two policies, a lower bound on the optimal cost is obtained. A policy that has a cost within 6% of the lower bound is developed for a fixed base planning period. For a variable base planning period, a 98% effective policy is provided. An extension is included for a system with price dependent holding costs. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

助推器分离过程动态流场数值模拟

利用三维N-S方程,采用NND2M有限差分格式作为数值离散方法,对助推器与上面级分离过程的动态流场进行了数值模拟,分析了反作用推力火箭发动机的喷流对上面级弹体底部轴向作用力的影响。根据计算得到的变化规律发现,在分离距离较小的情况下,反推火箭喷流对上面级弹体的干扰作用明显,产生较大轴向作用力,对于上面级飞行稳定性有影响。     

论灭火救援初战

从基层中队灭火初战存在的＂四重四轻＂问题入手,通过深入分析原因,提出打好灭火初战必须采取＂抓部队训练是基础,抓攻坚队伍是手段,抓干部素质是关键,抓科学施救是根本＂的四项措施以及＂慎重、熟悉、控制、安全、全局＂的初战原则,对基层中队指挥员如何更科学地打好初战进行了初步探讨。     

平流层长航时气球上升过程超冷现象影响因素分析

平流层长航时气球超冷现象是指内部浮升气体温度低于外界大气温度,超冷会引起浮力损失进而阻碍气球上升过程。建立了长航时气球辐射、对流等热模型和上升过程动力学模型,仿真分析了初始净浮力、蒙皮热物性参数、放飞时间和放飞日期等因素对超冷现象的影响规律。研究结果表明,上升过程内外温差随初始净浮力增大而增大且变化显著,可见光吸收率和红外吸收率增大时,内外温差值总体上呈减小趋势;放飞时刻和放飞日期对超冷现象影响较小,但放飞时间不同,气球上升至设计驻空高度的时间差别较大。该结论可为平流层浮空器总体方案设计和放飞试验提供有益参考。     

Single‐commodity stochastic network design under demand and topological uncertainties with insufficient data

Stochastic network design is fundamental to transportation and logistic problems in practice, yet faces new modeling and computational challenges resulted from heterogeneous sources of uncertainties and their unknown distributions given limited data. In this article, we design arcs in a network to optimize the cost of single‐commodity flows under random demand and arc disruptions. We minimize the network design cost plus cost associated with network performance under uncertainty evaluated by two schemes. The first scheme restricts demand and arc capacities in budgeted uncertainty sets and minimizes the worst‐case cost of supply generation and network flows for any possible realizations. The second scheme generates a finite set of samples from statistical information (e.g., moments) of data and minimizes the expected cost of supplies and flows, for which we bound the worst‐case cost using budgeted uncertainty sets. We develop cutting‐plane algorithms for solving the mixed‐integer nonlinear programming reformulations of the problem under the two schemes. We compare the computational efficacy of different approaches and analyze the results by testing diverse instances of random and real‐world networks. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 154–173, 2017     

"标准-3"拦截弹对机动弹头的拦截有效性分析

以"标准-3"拦截弹的多次拦截试验情况为参考,根据其能力及试验中的表现,分析其总体设计方案和各项性能参数,建立数学仿真模型.在研究海基导弹防御指挥控制流程、拦截弹动力学模型和仿真算法的基础上,对拦截具有机动突防能力的弹道导弹目标进行仿真分析.获得拦截弹对机动突防目标拦截有效性的仿真结果.分析仿真结果可知,拦截弹对机动弹头的拦截能力有限.     

高校学生宿舍楼初期火灾的扑救与逃生

高校学生公寓、宿舍是学生休息、生活、学习的综合场所,由于当前学生数量成倍增长、电脑电视进入宿舍,学生生活学习用品增多,使得楼内可燃物随之增多,加之一些学生违反宿舍安全管理规定,不安全隐患急剧增多,火灾发生的几率明显增大。阐明了高校学生宿舍楼初期火灾的扑救办法和火灾中的逃生技巧,以期最大限度的减少财产损失和人员伤亡。