基于介数中心性重要节点的能量均衡机制

针对无线传感器网络中瓶颈节点和准瓶颈节点对网络影响的特例性问题,将重要节点的概念推广到对节点介数的研究,提出了基于介数中心性重要节点的能量均衡机制。该机制将介数值大于网络平均介数值的节点判定为重要节点,并利用重要节点的邻居节点建立缓冲机制来减少其数据的转发次数,在牺牲较少数据传输延时的情况下节省了介数中心性重要节点的能量消耗。仿真实验表明该机制能够较好地均衡无线传感器网络中的节点能耗,提高了网络生命周期。     

“Effing” the military: a political misunderstanding of management

The use of commercial business management techniques is widespread in all government departments, including the Ministry of Defence. This article examines the use of popular management techniques in the Armed Forces and argues that their application is misplaced. It looks at what the “effs” – “efficiency” and “effectiveness” – mean in the business world and to the Armed Forces. It compares the definitions both in business and the Armed Forces and finds that there are few, if any, situations where the same measurements can be applied. Whilst many management techniques are suited for business, the function of the Armed Forces and its output cannot be measured in the same way, complicated by the different metrics of “efficiency” in peace and in war. This difference may not be clearly understood by some politicians, or indeed by some senior military personnel. Using examples from some of the most popular management techniques such as “Lean” and “Agile” it is possible to see that their use might actually diminish the capabilities of the Armed Forces when it comes to performing their principal role – the use of force to achieve political objectives.     

美国联合非致命武器项目及其十年科技战略规划

美国联合非致命武器理事会在成立20周年之际发布了《联合非致命武器项目科技战略规划2016-2025》,对未来十年相关领域的科技发展做出了部署安排。本文介绍美国联合非致命武器项目的使命职能、组织机构、运行模型、代表性成果以及十年科技战略规划,旨在为技术创新和管理创新提供参考和借鉴。     

航空弹药供应保障存在的问题及对策

在现代高技术信息化战争中,航空弹药地位和作用日渐突出。在分析了信息化条件下现代战争对航空弹药供应保障提出的新需求基础上,指出了航空弹药供应保障存在的不足,并从航空弹药的储备、管理和供应三个方面分别提出了相应的对策。研究表明,着眼应急作战的实际需要,搞好航空弹药供应保障,提高应急作战弹药供应保障能力,是摆在面前的一个现实而又紧迫的任务。     

运用“五种思维”提升部队指挥员应急处置能力

运用底线思维、辩证思维、创新思维、战略思维和历史思维五种思维有效提高部队指挥员应急处置的安全防控能力、决策能力、应变能力、控制能力和学习能力。     

Advancing “Defence-in-depth”: intelligence and systems dynamics

This article aims to encourage the fostering of more systems thinking, and its greater exploitation, within the domain of contemporary intelligence. With particular focus on “micro systems thinking” and with reference to key intelligence processes, such as intelligence analysis, the utility of many systems dynamics within the intelligence context seeks to be further revealed. Through their greater collective harnessing, including up to “System of Systems” (“SoS”) dynamics, and promoting all that they can offer, more sophisticated overarching operational-to-strategic/policy “ends,” notably that of “defence-in-depth,” can be viably further advanced in a sustainable manner into the future. Arguably, a much-needed transformative impact on contemporary intelligence can also be increasingly realised through comprehensively engaging in and with more systems and SoS thinking. Aiding civil protection tasks, crisis management, emergency planners, and civil contingency practitioners likewise gain.     

面向应急管理计算实验的模型构建和模型管理

基于人工社会的计算实验使应急管理的定量分析与研究成为可能。然而,应急管理模型涉及多个学科与领域,具有多层次、非线性和多粒度等特点,需要一套规范的流程来指导人工社会的模型建立和模型管理。论文梳理了面向应急管理的模型体系,提出了基于领域特定建模的人工社会建模方法,解决了多领域建模问题;研究了模型的形式化描述与编码问题,并实现了模型的有效管理;结合"甲型H1N1"病程模型,详细论述了模型的构建方法与管理问题,为面向应急管理的计算实验提供一体化的模型服务。     

基于改进Rao-Blackwellized粒子滤波的WSN被动目标跟踪

Rao-Blackwellized粒子滤波虽然适合系统状态包含线性高斯分量的非线性状态估计,但是由于其计算量较大,不适用于实时性较高的被动目标跟踪情况。针对Rao-Blackwellized粒子滤波的不足,提出了改进的Rao-Blackwellized粒子滤波算法用于WSN被动目标跟踪。新的算法由一个粒子滤波和一个卡尔曼滤波组成,在执行过程中,粒子滤波和卡尔曼滤波相互交换信息,并行运行。计算机仿真结果表明,新的算法能够更好地减少计算量,提高跟踪的实时性。     

军队院校文化管理模式初探

管理现代化是一所大学成功办学的基本标志。军队院校文化管理理论的提出是时代发展的必然要求。军队院校实施文化管理的核心内容及基本策略就是建设好、使用好自己的特色文化,为此,管理者应注意处理好有为管理与无为管理、柔性管理与刚性管理、部门主管与分工合作、硬件投入与软件提升四个方面的关系。     

论边防警察的心理应激与应对

心理应激是一种特殊的情绪状态,在这种情绪状态下个体会有很多特殊的反应和举动。边防警察由于其工作的特殊性,难免会产生心理应激。边防警察的心理应激源包括工作方面、环境方面、生活方面。分析了边防警察心理应激的类型及表现,主要从培养品质和意志,学会放松,取得社会、家人、亲友的支持和理解,加强心理训练等方面论述了应对边防警察心理应激的措施。