从孙子兵法角度审视目标中心战的制胜机制

基于体系对抗的战争特点和我军作战实际情况,提出的目标中心战是现代作战思想的一次凝练及升华。它的制胜机制表现为三个层面：通过选择关键作战目标,提升体系对抗效能;通过影响目标系统功能,谋求局部对抗优势;通过融合体系要素,提高整体对抗能力。     

购物中心类建筑防排烟设计探讨

通过对近年来大型购物中心类建筑的典型火灾案例分析,指出了造成各类购物中心火灾大量人员伤亡和巨大财产损失的主要原因,对此类建筑的营业厅、中庭、楼梯间等主要部位的防排烟设计要点进行了探讨,提出了加强购物中心类建筑防排烟设计的一些具体措施。     

The myth of Afghan electoral democracy: the irregularities of the 2014 presidential election

ABSTRACT

This article systematically assesses the 2014 Afghanistan Presidential Election, the first transfer of power from President Hamid Karzai to an elected successor, using provincial voting data as well as explicit data from polling centers. The analysis finds unusual voting results in the April election, where no candidate received 50%+1 votes required by the Afghan constitution, versus the voting results realized for the June ‘runoff election.’ As in other Afghan voting analyses, this article finds voting based on ethno-linguistic preferences, and interestingly found Dr. Ashraf Ghani receiving almost all the swing votes in the runoff election even though the other leading candidate from the April election all endorsed Dr. Abdullah Abdullah. More importantly, however, the research presented here clearly finds extremely strange voting patterns. For example, the polling data center analysis finds 606 polling places where Ghani received all 600 votes and Abdullah received none and another 900 polling centers that gave virtually all its votes to Ghani. These results in combination with other analyses raise the very real possibility that the election results were illegitimate. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the research to future Afghan elections and their processes as well as to the long-standing conflict in the country.     

Counterinsurgency force ratio: strategic utility or nominal necessity

As a consequence of intervention in Iraq and Afghanistan, force ratio for counterinsurgency (COIN) has come under increased scrutiny. Reduced to its essence, the issue is simply, ‘How many troops does it take to get the job done?’ This answer has been sought by the US military, academia, and think tanks. There have been numerous responses, culminating in several ‘plug-and-play’ equations for minimum force ratios in COIN operations. Due to the impossibility of determining precisely how many insurgent forces there are, it has become common to base force ratios on the population of the country. In the realm of policy, the question above is posed as, ‘How many of our troops does it take to get the job done?’     

基于秘密共享的卫星网络组密钥管理方案

针对卫星网络组密钥管理的重要性,提出了一个可认证的基于门限秘密共享的组密钥管理方案．结合卫星网络的动态拓扑结构特点,将地面站作为组成员的身份注册中心,以实现对组成员的身份认证,确保节点的合法性．为了提高组密钥的生成效率,选取≠一1颗可见时间长的卫星构建组密钥份额分发中心,降低了组密钥联合生成过程中的通信量．组密钥协商无需安全信道,节省了系统资源．安全性及性能分析表明,该方案不仅具有较强的安全性,而且还具有计算和通信量小的优点．参数分析表明,门限值k与组密钥更新周期T是影响方案安全性的2个重要因子．     

雷达目标高分辨距离像的特征提取及识别方法

本文首先应用ＴＬＳ－ＥＳＰＲＩＴ算法提取光学区高分辨雷达目标散射中心位置信息,并提出了“基于散射中心位置的相关匹配”目标识别算法,而后,证明了该算法相关匹配系数与所选择的基底无关以及算法的稳定性问题。最后,给出了五种飞机缩比模型的实验结果。     

大型地下建筑商业区域设置方式及其消防安全评估

大型地下公共建筑的出现带动了地下商业的发展,在地下公共建筑内部和周边设置商业设施的情况已不断出现。该类地下商业设施的设置增加了公共建筑的火灾危险性,必须限制商业设置方式以降低火灾风险。针对地下商业的设计难点,总结提出诸如防火舱、防火隔离区、＂安全岛＂等多种商业设置方式,分析了其用于地下公共建筑内部及周边商业区域的火灾控制的安全性,从而保障人员的安全。     

军事物流配送中心作业流程建模与仿真

军事物流配送中心是军事物流的重要组成部分,加强军事物流配送中心的作业研究对于提高我军后勤保障能力有着重要的现实意义。根据军事物流配送中心的作业特点,分析了军事物流配送中心作业流程,建立了相应的作业过程仿真模型,并用Flex-sim仿真软件对军事物流配送中心作业流程进行了仿真。通过仿真结果分析,找出了作业流程中的瓶颈,为配送中心资源和流程的改进提供了依据。     

军事物流配送体系初探

对我军现代军事物流配送体系进行了初步探讨,提出了符合我军实际情况且具有社会化性质的军事物流配送体系构想,有利于新时期军事物流理论的发展,为其在我军的实际应用提供了较好的参考。     

Service design at diagnostic service centers

We study a service design problem in diagnostic service centers, call centers that provide medical advice to patients over the phone about what the appropriate course of action is, based on the caller's symptoms. Due to the tension between increased diagnostic accuracy and the increase in waiting times more in‐depth service requires, managers face a difficult decision in determining the optimal service depth to guide the diagnostic process. The specific problem we consider models the situation when the capacity (staffing level) at the center is fixed, and when the callers have both congestion‐ and noncongestion‐related costs relating to their call. We develop a queueing model incorporating these features and find that the optimal service depth can take one of two different structures, depending on factors such as the nurses' skill level and the maximum potential demand. Sensitivity analyses of the two optimal structures show that they are quite different. In some situations, it may (or may not) be optimal for the manager to try to expand the demand at the center, and increasing skill level may (or may not) increase congestion. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012