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91.
We present a tactical decision model for order acceptance and capacity planning that maximizes the expected profits from accepted orders, allowing for aggregate regular as well as nonregular capacity. The stream of incoming order arrivals is the main source of uncertainty in dynamic order acceptance and the company only has forecasts of the main properties of the future incoming projects. Project proposals arrive sequentially with deterministic interarrival times and a decision on order acceptance and capacity planning needs to be made each time a proposal arrives and its project characteristics are revealed. We apply stochastic dynamic programming to determine a profit threshold for the accept/reject decision as well as to deterministically allocate a single bottleneck resource to the accepted projects, both with an eye on maximizing the expected revenues within the problem horizon. We derive a number of managerial insights based on an analysis of the influence of project and environmental characteristics on optimal project selection and aggregate capacity usage. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007  相似文献   
92.
We consider a mixed‐model assembly line (MMAL) comprised a set of workstations and a conveyor. The workstations are arranged in a serial configuration. The conveyor moves at a constant speed along the workstations. Initial units belonging to different models are successively fed onto the conveyor, and they are moved by the conveyor to pass through the workstations to gradually generate final products. All assembling tasks are manually performed with operation times to be stochastic. An important performance measure of MMALs is overload times that refer to uncompleted operations for operators within their work zones. This paper establishes a method to analyze the expected overload times for MMALs with stochastic operation times. The operation processes of operators form discrete time nonhomogeneous Markov processes with continuous state spaces. For a given daily production schedule, the expected overload times involve in analyzing the Markov processes for finite horizon. Based on some important properties of the performance measure, we propose an efficient approach for calculating the expected overload times. Numerical computations show that the results are very satisfactory. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007  相似文献   
93.
We investigate inventory management for a large‐scale multi‐product, multi‐component Assemble‐to‐Order system with general random batch demands. Results from extreme statistics theory are applied in developing approximation schemes for a widely used performance measure, customer backorders. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007  相似文献   
94.
依据自差收发机灵敏度的计算公式,在满足技术要求所规定的辐射功率和电源噪声传输系数条件下,把自差收发机的灵敏度作为目标函数,对自差收发机的电路参数作为设计变量,对自差收发机进行了优化设计,得出自差机优化设计的数学模型。  相似文献   
95.
DMT(DiscreteMultitone)调制是一种在ADSL(AsymmetricalDigitalSubscribeLine)中被广泛采用调制技术。本文分析了在DMT中对信号进行截幅所产生的影响,计算了D/A变换产生的量化噪声和截幅噪声,并与未截幅时相比较,在不降低SNR的情况下,降低了D/A变换器的精度的要求,并求出最佳截幅因子。本文分析了一种减小截幅噪声的方法,并说明在非最佳截幅时,通过这种方法可获得与最佳截幅同样的结果。  相似文献   
96.
讨论了一类多维双重时序AR(1)-MA(q)模型的二阶平稳性问题。通过导出一组线性方程组,给出了这类模型二阶平稳的显式充分条件和必要条件,为验证模型的二阶平稳性提供了一个可行的途径。  相似文献   
97.
小波阈值技术在图像降噪中的应用研究   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18       下载免费PDF全文
通过对图像的小波变换系数进行阈值操作,可以有效降低噪声,同时又较好地保持图像细节。在文章中详细讨论了这种小波阈值降噪技术,并给出了在此种降噪方法中阈值选取的几种方法。由实验结果可以知道此种小波阈值方法是一种有效的图像降噪方法。  相似文献   
98.
提出离散随机系统模型简化的一种新方法,即环形区域极点/协方差约束下的模型简化方法。这种设计方法的基本思路是构造指定维数的降阶模型,使其匹配给定的环形区域极点和稳态协方差参数,在系统的动态特性和稳态特性方面逼近给定的满阶模型。文中导出了期望的简化模型的存在条件及解析表达式,并提供了一个数值算例。  相似文献   
99.
决策是C~3I 系统的核心问题之一。用Petri 网理论研究C~3I 系统的决策问题已取得了长足的进展。根据决策过程各阶段之所需时间具有随机性及不独立性的特点,以变迁发射时间不独立的随机Petri 网作为决策时延的建模与分析工具,并给出了这种随机Petri 网模型的一般分析方法。  相似文献   
100.
The service‐provision problem described in this paper comes from an application of distributed processing in telecommunications networks. The objective is to maximize a service provider's profit from offering computational‐based services to customers. The service provider has limited capacity and must choose which of a set of software applications he would like to offer. This can be done dynamically, taking into consideration that demand for the different services is uncertain. The problem is examined in the framework of stochastic integer programming. Approximations and complexity are examined for the case when demand is described by a discrete probability distribution. For the deterministic counterpart, a fully polynomial approximation scheme is known 2 . We show that introduction of stochasticity makes the problem strongly NP‐hard, implying that the existence of such a scheme for the stochastic problem is highly unlikely. For the general case a heuristic with a worst‐case performance ratio that increases in the number of scenarios is presented. Restricting the class of problem instances in a way that many reasonable practical problem instances satisfy allows for the derivation of a heuristic with a constant worst‐case performance ratio. Worst‐case performance analysis of approximation algorithms is classical in the field of combinatorial optimization, but in stochastic programming the authors are not aware of any previous results in this direction. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003  相似文献   
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