中继镜系统作用效果与上行链路望远镜口径关系分析

建立了中继镜系统模型,计算了30km高度中继镜系统作用效果与上行链路望远镜口径的关系,结果显示:当望远镜口径低于0.42m时,系统作用效果随着望远镜口径增大而显著提升;在0.42～0.54m范围内,系统作用效果随着上行链路望远镜口径增大而显著降低;当望远镜口径大于0.54m时,系统作用效果随着上行链路望远镜口径的增加而增加,但增加的幅度逐步降低,当望远镜口径增加到一定大小后,系统作用效果趋向于稳定值,望远镜口径的增加对系统作用效果不具有提升作用.分析了系统作用效果在0.42～0.54m范围内出现突降的原因,计算结果显示:上行接收光束强度不均匀性导致二次光源光束质量的急剧下降,进而降低了系统作用效果.文章的计算结果为中继镜系统参数设置提供参考.     

基于DRFM的机载PD雷达干扰研究

针对传统干扰技术对PD雷达干扰的不足,噪声干扰对干扰机功率要求高,欺骗干扰产生的干扰数目单一,基于当前对抗先进体制雷达的手段——DRFM,对PD雷达干扰进行研究。通过将截获的雷达信号存储、处理,按程序设定的转发间隔重复读出当前采样信号并转发,产生了多个距离欺骗假目标;通过对每次转发干扰进行频率调制,产生了包含距离速度欺骗的一系列假目标;并经过Matable仿真验证了在PD雷达窄带滤波器中,出现多个距离或速度欺骗假目标。并通过仿真验证了干扰的有效性。     

高频电磁注入替代辐照耦合装置的设计研究

为提高电磁注入法的应用频带范围,提出基于定向耦合原理的电磁注入方法,并以某天线及其射频前端构成的互连系统为试验对象,利用单定向耦合器作为注入装置进行了辐照和注入试验,试验证明该注入方法能够准确替代连续波辐照效应试验．进而,理论分析耦合装置的特性并对该装置进行改进,提高其工程实用性．最后,设计耦合装置的指标并计算了对应的散射矩阵,制作完成注入装置的样机．结果表明：耦合装置监测端电压与等效源之间的关系会受到受试设备状态的影响．将两单定向耦合器级联作为注入装置,并以监测端的功率作为等效依据,可保证监测结果在高频时不受线缆上驻波的影响,提高试验的准确性．     

现代建筑表皮的视觉效果

建筑表皮可以传承文化,反映特定时期的气候特征、地域文化、生活方式、美学及科学技术等,而建筑表皮设计则直接表达建筑师的设计意图,建筑表皮造型设计创意对建筑设计至关重要。从建筑表皮的形态构成、视觉效果和创意表达等3个方面阐述现代建筑表皮,提示建筑师灵活运用点、线、面、体、材质与色彩这些基本造型元素能设计不同的建筑表皮造型,表达不同的艺术思想,取得不同的视觉效果。     

混合现实技术在军事训练中的应用优势——以美军综合训练环境为例

随着科技手段的进步,现代战争的作战样式不断发展。信息化条件下的作战对军事训练提出了更高要求,传统的训练方法与模式亟待改进。混合现实技术的应用开辟了军事训练新模式。这种针对数据的可视化集成运用以及在其基础上开发的训练系统,通过对数据的处理利用实现了军事训练效果的有效评估。本文以美国陆军综合训练环境这一混合现实技术在军事训练中的典型应用案例作为对象,分析概述了综合训练环境的世界地形、训练模拟软件及训练管理工具三大组成部分的功能特点、架构组成,并根据混合现实技术的发展状况探析综合训练环境的应用优势,以期为军队混合现实技术在军事训练中的应用提供一定借鉴。     

Peridynamic modeling and simulation of thermo-mechanical de-icing process with modified ice failure criterion

De-icing technology has become an increasingly important subject in numerous applications in recent years. However, the direct numerical modeling and simulation the physical process of thermo-mechanical deicing is limited. This work is focusing on developing a numerical model and tool to direct simulate the de-icing process in the framework of the coupled thermo-mechanical peridynamics theory. Here, we adopted the fully coupled thermo-mechanical bond-based peridynamics (TM-BB-PD) method for modeling and simulation of de-icing. Within the framework of TM-BB-PD, the ice consti-tutive model is established by considering the influence of the temperature difference between two material points, and a modified failure criteria is proposed, which takes into account temperature effect to predict the damage of quasi-brittle ice material. Moreover, thermal boundary condition is used to simulate the thermal load in the de-icing process. By comparing with the experimental results and the previous reportedfinite element modeling, our numerical model shows good agreement with the pre-vious predictions. Based on the numerical results, we find that the developed method can not only predict crack initiation and propagation in the ice, but also predict the temperature distribution and heat conduction during the de-icing process. Furthermore, the influence of the temperature for the ice crack growth pattern is discussed accordingly. In conclusion, the coupled thermal-mechanical peridynamics formulation with modified failure criterion is capable of providing a modeling tool for engineering ap-plications of de-icing technology.     

Dynamic necking of a near α titanium alloy at high strain rates:Experiments and modelling

The tensile behaviour of near α Ti3Al2.5 V alloy, conceived for applications in aerospace and automotive engineering, is characterized from quasi-static to high strain rates. The material is found to present noticeable strain rate sensitivity. The dynamic true strain rate in the necking cross-section reaches values up to ten times higher than the nominal strain rate. It is also observed that beyond necking the dynamic true stress-strain curves present limited rate dependence. The experimental results at different strain rates are used to determine a suitable constitutive model for finite element simulations of the dynamic tensile tests. The model predicts the experimentally macroscopic force-time response, true stress-strain response and effective strain rate evolution with good agreement.     

Experimental investigation on enhanced damage to fuel tanks by reactive projectiles impact

Enhanced damage to the full-filled fuel tank,impacted by the cold pressed and sintered PTFE/AL/W reactive material projectile(RMP)with a density of 7.8 g/cm3,is investigated experimentally and theoretically.The fuel tank is a rectangular structure,welded by six pieces of 2024 aluminum plate with a thickness of 6 mm,and filled with RP-3 aviation kerosene.Experimental results show that the kerosene is ignited by the RMP impact at a velocity above 1062 m/s,and a novel interior ignition phenomenon which is closely related to the rupture effect of the fuel tank is observed.However,the traditional steel projectile with the same mass and dimension requires a velocity up to 1649 m/s to ignite the kerosene.Based on the experimental results,the radial pressure field is considered to be the main reason for the shear failure of weld.For mechanism considerations,the chemical energy released by the RMP enhances the hydrodynamic ram(HRAM)effect and provides additional ignition sources inside the fuel tank,thereby enhancing both rupture and ignition effects.Moreover,to further understand the enhanced ignition effect of RMP,the reactive debris temperature inside the kerosene is analyzed theoretically.The initiated reactive debris with high temperature provides effective interior ignition sources to ignite the kerosene,resulting in the enhanced ignition of the kerosene.     

通气空泡与超音速尾喷流耦合作用实验研究

基于开放式水洞,构建了通气空泡与超音速尾喷流耦合作用实验系统。设计了四种可变长度实验模型,重点研究射流与通气空泡相对位置对空泡射流耦合作用机理的影响。针对不同外形实验模型,改变通气流量和射流流量,获得了不同工况下空泡界面瞬态演化规律。通过实验,观察到射流完全补气、射流部分泄气、射流完全泄气三种不同耦合作用模式。进一步结合实验数据和Paryshev理论分析,建立了不同模式下临界转变条件和空泡尺度计算模型。当≤0.1 时,空泡长度可用经典空泡经验公式来描述;当0.1<<1.5 时,空泡长度分为模型长度和尾部空泡长度两部分,而尾部空泡长度只与无量纲动量比有关;当 ≥1.5时,空泡闭合在喷管出口,空泡长度与模型长度相等。     

效力准则的电子战干扰效果度量的研究

探讨了舰载电子战系统干扰效果的度量准则,分析了压制干扰对反舰导弹的单发命中概率的影响,从研究系统射击效力指标的角度出发,提出一种新的评定舰载电子战干扰效果的准则——效力准则。并通过算例得出典型情况下系统施放压制性干扰时机与反舰导弹单发命中概率之间的关系。