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191.
Flexible capacity strategy in an asymmetric oligopoly market with competition and demand uncertainty 下载免费PDF全文
This article studies flexible capacity strategy (FCS) under oligopoly competition with uncertain demand. Each firm utilizes either the FCS or inflexible capacity strategy (IFCS). Flexible firms can postpone their productions until observing the actual demand, whereas inflexible firms cannot. We formulate a new asymmetrical oligopoly model for the problem, and obtain capacity and production decisions of the firms at Nash equilibrium. It is interesting to verify that cross‐group competition determines the capacity allocation between the two groups of firms, while intergroup competition determines the market share within each group. Moreover, we show that the two strategies coexist among firms only when cost differentiation is medium. Counterintuitively, flexible firms benefit from increasing production cost when the inflexible competition intensity is sufficiently high. This is because of retreat of inflexible firms, flexibility effect, and the corresponding high price. We identify conditions under which FCS is superior than IFCS. We also demonstrate that flexible firms benefit from increasing demand uncertainty. However, when demand variance is not very large, flexible firms may be disadvantaged. We further investigate the effects of cross‐group and intergroup competition on individual performance of the firms. We show that as flexible competition intensity increases, inflexible firms are mainly affected by the cross‐group competition first and then by the intergroup competition, whereas flexible firms are mainly affected by the intergroup competition. Finally, we examine endogenous flexibility and identify its three drivers: cost parameters, cross‐group competition, and intergroup competition. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 117–138, 2017 相似文献
192.
选取全球范围内72个基准站的坐标序列,采用改进的赤池信息量准则、贝叶斯信息量准则对不同噪声模型组合进行噪声分析,得到基准站坐标序列的最优噪声模型及速度参数,探讨时间序列跨度对噪声模型及速度估计的影响。结果表明,基准站坐标序列噪声模型不能由单一的噪声模型表述,其呈现出多样性特征,主要表现为幂律噪声、高斯马尔科夫噪声、闪烁噪声+白噪声特征,且三坐标分量表现出不同的噪声特性;随着时间跨度的增加,坐标时间序列的最优噪声模型、GPS站速度及其不确定度逐渐由发散趋于收敛,随机游走噪声模型的比重有所增加。结果表明10 a以上的时间跨度是较为理想的噪声模型估计尺度。 相似文献
193.
This paper studies what kinds of meanings reserve officers ascribe to military ranks. The study builds on existing literature on reserve forces and hypothesizes that military ranks among reserve officers are subject to rendering the ranks with multiple meanings, and which are bound to create ambiguity of interpretation. To elaborate these theoretical insights a survey among Finnish reserve officers was conducted (N = 6193). The data was analyzed using factor analysis and correlation analysis. The results show that military ranks are ascribed, in addition to the functionalistic, hierarchical meaning, also with meanings of prestige, proficiency, and identity. The main theoretical contribution of the paper is in complementing the previous literature on ambiguity of military ranks by specifying four different meanings in the interpretation of the ranks. 相似文献
194.
195.
为检验雷达回波传输质量,完成基于莱斯因子K的混响室电磁环境分级,提出混响室条件下雷达回波传输环境模拟评价参数信杂比S,对比分析莱斯因子K和信杂比S的测量原理.实验结果表明:混响室可用于雷达回波传输环境模拟. 相似文献
196.
家庭教育投资行为决定着孩子的未来,文章通过459份问卷调查,从影响家庭投资行为的经济收入、教育投入、教育观念、教育方式、家长受教育年限、家庭子女受教育距离、子女的数量等因素进行统计分析,结果表明:家长受教育年限越长,家庭教育投资行为呈显著正相关,家庭中子女数量对家庭教育投资呈负影响。 相似文献
197.
Anthony Lyons 《Defence and Peace Economics》2013,24(6):497-535
Formal models of international conflict have tended to concentrate on change across the security dimension, assuming that the state level economic and political dimensions are constant. However, the conclusion of the Cold War suggests that over the long run these dimensions are not constant; indeed, the development of economic power, state level limits on defence expenditures, structural impediments to economic change, and several other ‘constants’ clearly do have an endogenous role in international conflict. This paper suggests one strategy for their inclusion as a causal factor in conflict modelling. 相似文献
198.
利用线弹簧模型求解对接厚板表面裂纹的残余应力强度因子。基于Reissner板理论和连续分布位错思想,将对接厚板表面裂纹问题归结为一组Cauchy型奇异积分方程,并采用Gauss-Chebyshev方法给出了奇异积分方程的数值结果,并与有限元解进行比较,计算结果表明:用线弹簧模型解决含残余应力表面裂纹问题不仅是合理可行的,而且是一种简单方便的方法,便于工程实际应用。 相似文献
199.
备课质量是教学过程中的重要组成部分,对提高教学质量起着重要作用。本文给出了客观量化评价教师备课质量的一种方法,对提高教学质量有积极作用。 相似文献
200.