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971.
Ulrich Schneckener 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2017,28(4-5):799-816
AbstractMilitias and rebels depart from different angles when it comes to the politics of legitimacy. While rebels have to address the issue of legitimacy early on in order to gain popular support, militias can rely on some kind of ‘borrowed legitimacy’. Based on this observation, the paper introduces militias as special form of organised violence visible in many civil wars and fragile states as well as elaborates on the politics of legitimacy typical for militias. By distinguishing different forms of militia violence (counter-insurgency, counter-rival and counter-crime), the articles shows how militias respond to major challenges in legitimizing violent actions. 相似文献
972.
良好的测试性设计对系统维修性具有重要意义,测试性增长试验通过一系列测试性设计缺陷发现和纠正措施,可保证系统测试性指标达到设计要求。针对基于延缓纠正的测试性增长过程中的资源配置问题进行研究,基于增长试验目标是否明确和试验资源是否受限制问题构建资源优化配置模型,并提出一种基于拉格朗日松弛和本地搜索的快速优化算法。仿真结果表明:该模型能够有效指导测试性增长中的资源优化配置问题,所提混合优化方法能够高效、准确地求解整数规划问题。 相似文献
973.
Terence M. Holmes 《战略研究杂志》2017,40(7):1039-1058
Clausewitz was much preoccupied with the apparent contradiction between real and absolute war. Why did war in history so rarely exhibit the extremes of violence and energy implied in the pure concept of war? Clausewitz’s commentators have usually followed him in thinking that this was a genuine problem in need of a solution, but I want to question that view. I will argue that Clausewitz did not have a coherent philosophy of absolute war, and therefore the contradiction he posited between real and absolute war was equally meaningless – as, too, was his effort to resolve it by claiming that some real wars approached or even attained the absolute form of war. The real problem was not the opposition of real and absolute war, but the self-contradictory theory of absolute war. 相似文献
974.
基于传统意义上的飞控系统评估方法的不足,分析了风洞虚拟飞行试验应用于飞控系统评估的优势;按飞控系统常用的姿态控制回路及制导控制回路的组成形式,介绍了风洞虚拟飞行试验系统方案与工作原理,详细分析了它与半实物仿真系统的差异;分析了风洞虚拟飞行试验应用于飞控系统评估需解决的关键技术问题,包括风洞虚拟飞行试验评估方法、飞行器模型设计技术、飞控系统改进技术及模型支撑技术。 相似文献
975.
In June 2016, the Colombian Government and the FARC insurgent movement signed a ceasefire agreement, which brings the two sides one step closer to putting an end to over five decades of war. Unfortunately, Latin America has a rich history of insurgent movements, particularly during the cold war era, some of which continue to operate today. Most of these movements disappeared due to military operations, though some did so via peace negotiations. This essay aims to discuss the various ends of Latin American insurgencies to answer whether, indeed, insurgents can be negotiated with. 相似文献
976.
AbstractThe Sahel has gained attention in international politics as one of the central theatres in the war on terrorism. International actors in this war seek alliances with states in the region, reinforcing the latter’s military strength and their legitimacy from outside. At the same time, increasingly-connected young populations question the legitimacy of their states, and contest that legitimacy from within and below. In the absence of states delivering any reasonable form of social contract, young people become torn between different governing orders and find themselves in a liminal space. In this article we present the cases of youth in Mali and Chad, who find themselves in a period of re-definition of their position in society and hence search for legitimate structures representation. In this search they may frame their belonging in terms of ethnicity, religion or political opposition – and increasingly also in adherence to global citizenship. New information flows and connectivity among young people in these regions, and between them and the diaspora, has given a new turn to their search for citizenship/belonging and rightful representation. However, whether their search will be successful in this geopolitical context is questionable. 相似文献
977.
将声子晶体能带理论应用于装备外壳结构设计,把装备外壳圆柱壳段设计成周期结构。基于多子结构的双协调自由界面模态综合法,计算并对比了周期圆柱壳与非周期圆柱壳对弯曲振动的衰减特性。结果表明,周期圆柱壳中有弯曲振动强衰减带隙存在,而非周期结构中则没有带隙存在。进一步研究了轴向周期复合夹层材料圆柱壳的弯曲振动特性。同样,该周期复合夹层结构中依然有弯曲振动带隙存在,且在带隙频率范围内弯曲振动传播将受到明显的抑制。最后,考虑实际装备外壳形状,研究了含周期结构圆柱段的复杂装备外壳振动特性。研究表明,经过局部周期设计的复杂装备外壳保持了带隙特性,这说明了将能带理论应用于工程实际装备外壳的振动控制具有可行性。 相似文献
978.
979.
980.
为适应"导航战"下的强干扰输入,导航接收机对模拟信道的动态范围提出了更高的要求。在给定的信噪比恶化容限约束下,原有的分析方法给出了二维曲线分析模型,得到了动态范围的优化设计及各级增益划分方法,但仅适用于输出功率基本不变的自动增益控制电路。基于增加的自动增益控制输出回退功率这一参数,提出了一种三维曲面求解模型,揭示了各电路参量与模拟信道动态范围的约束关系,可适用于输出功率变化的自动增益控制电路,以实现更高的动态范围。针对三维模型中参数求解复杂的问题,利用纯衰减网络的特性,将复杂的数值求解简化为直线求解,大幅降低了设计复杂度。在给出的设计实例中,动态范围测试结果与设计预期吻合较好,验证了方法的正确性。 相似文献