PTFE/Al反应材料制备工艺及性能

氟聚物基反应材料是一种主要由氟聚物和金属填料组成的亚稳态含能复合材料,也是近年来国外研究报道较多的一种新型含能材料.采用冷压、热烧结法制备了PTFE/Al反应材料,测试了其理化性能、热分解性能和力学性能,在此基础上,进一步研究了压制成型和烧结工艺参数.     

改善Al对B4C润湿性的研究

依据金属Al的特性及其与B4C相互作用的关系,在理论上分析Al对B4C的润湿性,分析理论润湿性与实际润湿性差异的原因,在此基础上,通过实验寻求改善Al对B4C润湿性的方法和工艺,发现升高温度可以改善润湿性,温度由1 050℃升至1 100℃时,润湿角θ由52°降至23°;在Al中添加小量Mg后,真空1×10-3Pa,温度1 100℃×3 h时Al对B4C润湿角由原来的23°降至9°.     

Can we negotiate with the Taliban?

The belief that the insurgency in southern Afghanistan is a singular entity and the assumption that negotiations with that entity can bring an end to the conflict are simplistic and do not take into account the other insurgent partners, nor the role of local power brokers. Care must be taken when providing advice in the public domain on how to end or limit conflict in Afghanistan.     

Investigation of the shock compression behaviors of Al/PTFE composites with experimental and a 3D mesoscale-model

The responses of AI/PTFE reactive materials (RMs) under shock compression were investigated by a single-stage gas gun.A 3D mesoscale-model was established based on micro-computed tomography(micro-CT) slice images and confirmed with experimental results.In the high-pressure stage,the com-posites reacted partially,whereas there were no deviations between the partially reacted Hugoniot and the inert simulation results.The simulation reveals that the Teflon matrix melting on the high shock pressure.Melts and decomposition of the PTFE accelerated the diffusion of the atoms.Thus,the reactions of the Al/PrFE composites are more like a combustion rather than a detonation.     

碱性焊条 Al 和V对焊缝金属扩散氢的影响

通过实验和理论分析,研究了Ａｌ、Ｖ加入碱性焊条药皮对其吸湿性和焊缝金属扩散氢ＨＤ的影响．结果表明：Ａｌ、Ｖ对焊条药皮吸湿性均无影响,Ｖ能一定程度降低而Ａｌ却提高ＨＤ．     

Waging the inchoate war: Defining,fighting, and second-guessing the ‘Long War’

Abstract

This article answers three questions: What is the nature of the Long War? How is progress (or lack thereof) to be assessed? Where is it likely to go next? An appreciation of Clausewitz shows that practical centers of gravity exist for the Long War, and that the conflict pivots upon the ability to persuasively link ideology to events via a strategic narrative. A close examination of an illustrative case study, the interaction between the US and the late Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in Iraq 2004 – 2006, shows that Al Qaeda has suffered a severe setback, but also that the nature of the war is set to shift yet again. Further tangible progress for the US requires waging the Long War as a global counterinsurgency based on a strategy of ‘selective identification’ (versus pure ‘disaggregation’) as well as an understanding of how to more effectively craft a strategic narrative.     

A quasi-isentropic model of a cylinder driven by aluminized explosives based on characteristic line analysis

A quasi-isentropic study on the process of driving a cylinder with aluminized explosives was carried out to examine the influence of the aluminum (Al) reaction rate on cylinder expansion and the physical parameters of the detonation products. Based on the proposed quasi-isentropic hypothesis and relevant isentropic theories, the characteristic lines of aluminized explosives driving a cylinder were analyzed, and a quasi-isentropic model was established. This model includes the variation of the cylinder wall velocity and the physical parameters of the detonation products with the Al reaction degree. Using previously reported experimental results, the quasi-isentropic model was verified to be applicative and accurate. This model was used to calculate the physical parameters for cylinder experiments with aluminized cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine explosives with 15.0 % and 30.0 % Al content. The results show that this quasi-isentropic model can be used not only to calculate the cylinder expansion rule or Al reaction degree, but also to calculate the physical parameters of the detonation products in the process of cylinder expansion. For explosives with 15.0 % and 30.0 % Al, 24.3 % and 18.5 % of the Al was found to have reacted at 33.9 μs and 34.0 μs, respectively. The difference in Al content results in different reaction intensity, occurrence time, and duration of two forms of reaction (diffusion and kinetic) between the Al powder and the detonation products; the post-detonation burning reaction between the Al powder and the detonation products prolongs the positive pressure action time, resulting in a continuous rise in temperature after detonation.     

通孔与闭孔泡沫铝水下隔声性能实验研究

对空气饱和与水饱和两种情况下的通孔泡沫铝以及闭孔泡沫铝开展了水下隔声性能实验研究。实验结果表明:在[500,4 000]Hz范围内,水饱和通孔泡沫铝和闭孔泡沫铝具有良好的隔声性能,而空气饱和通孔泡沫铝水下隔声性能相对较弱。与现有橡胶类水声去耦材料相比,水饱和通孔泡沫铝具有良好的低频、宽带隔声特性以及耐压且不受温度的影响等特点,可以作为一种潜在的性能优良的水声去耦材料。     

Thermodynamics and performance of Al/CuO nanothermite with different storage time

The storage stability of energetic materials is important for its application. Here, the storage stability of Al/CuO nanothermite, which was prepared by electrospray method and stored with different storage time, was systematically researched. The activation energy of Al/CuO nanothermite was calculated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The ignition temperature and the curve pressure history of Al/CuO nanothermite was measured using ignition temperature measuring device and constant-volume pressurization tests, respectively. Further, the thermites were characterized by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the morphology of the thermites did not change significantly. The activation energy was decreased from 254.1 kJ/mol to 181.8 kJ/mol after storage for 13 months. When stored for 0, 7 and 13 months, the peak pressures of Al/CuO nanothermite were 685.8 kPa, 626.3 kPa and 625.5 kPa, respectively. In addition to the ignition temperature, it was 775 ℃, 739 ℃ and 754 ℃, respectively. This result indicated that the ignition and combustion properties of Al/CuO nano-thermite are obviously reduced when stored for a long time, at room temperature.