基于ANSYS火炮身管传热仿真

火炮连续发射过程中身管内壁温度持续升高会加快身管的烧蚀磨损,为此分析研究影响身管温度变化的射速、环境温度等主要因素.利用ANSYS软件建立火炮身管有限元模型,对身管内外壁的对流传热和身管壁内的热传导进行仿真,计算求解得到了不同射击模式及不同环境温度下身管内外壁温度的变化规律,结果表明射速增大、环境温度越离,身管温度上升越快.研究成果为依据身管内外壁温度控制火炮发射强度来延长身管寿命提供一定的理论依据.     

运送有毒物泄漏造成水体污染的扩散模型及求解方法研究

运送有毒物发生交通事故,导致有毒物泄漏引发水体污染,会造成严重影响。在分析污染事故的特点、危害的基础上,根据水力学及污染物的迁移转化规律,建立了有毒物泄漏水体后的转移弥散模型,即将控制水流的圣维南方程和描述有毒物迁移的对流弥散方程进行耦合。运用低数值耗散的半离散中心迎风格式求解方程,其结果可以预测污染河段长度和延续时间。最后,通过实例进行了模拟计算。     

Coping with traps of vulnerability: a review of the impact of post-colonial issues on the independence of South Sudan

In a world virtually free of slavery and colonialism and one mainly driven by the sovereign state rationale, allusion to manifestations or the existence of some form of these phenomena within a state is often received with dumbfounding indifference or denial. However, a form of rule that had continued in South Sudan long after the departure of the British in 1956 was colonial both in its quintessence and flair in that it disenfranchised its citizens and denied them the most basic freedoms, services and development. Under this establishment, resistance against the coercive vision of the state was brutally suppressed for many decades. This state of affairs finally ended in July 2011. Nonetheless, there is a miscellany of unresolved post-colonial issues between the two countries that warrant attention. These include security and the demarcation of borders, the issue of ludicrous transit fees for South Sudan's oil exportation through Sudan, citizenship, external debt repayment, etc. These issues are part of traps inherited from the anti-colonial struggle, which have now supplanted the old ensemble of North–South conflict paroxysm. As a matter of urgency, the two countries will have to wrap up the incomplete process of negotiation on these substantive issues. The talks should be approached with a new mindset based on the new reality of two sovereign states. To the extent that it is widely established that South Sudan and Sudan must coexist peacefully in order to develop into viable entities, such mutual dependency must be based on equality and respect.     

平流层飞艇强迫对流特性数值仿真分析

强迫对流换热特性对平流层飞艇热状态有重要影响。以平流层飞艇流线型封闭囊体为研究对象,基于囊体内部纯导热传热的假设,采用计算流体力学方法建立平流层飞艇外部流场三维数值模型,对飞艇外部强迫对流换热特性进行仿真分析,得到了不同太阳照射角度、风速和攻角条件下的飞艇表面温度分布和内部平均温度变化规律,为平流层飞艇热状态预测和热控设计提供参考依据。     

临近空间飞艇内部自然对流的流场特征仿真研究

针对临近空间飞艇,对其内部氦气的自然对流特征进行了数值模拟。首先采用计算流体力学方法,并利用自编的用户自定义函数将外部的温度边界条件导入壁面网格。进而,在不同的稳态条件下,通过对内部氦气压力、温度、速度的分布等流场特征参数的研究,分析了临近空间飞艇内部气体自然对流的运动特性及其影响规律,并对自然对流非稳态变化过程进行了初步的探索。仿真结果表明,在临近空间环境下,飞艇内部氦气的自然对流,对于内部氦气自身的热交换具有一定程度的促进作用,而对蒙皮受力和结构安全性影响很小。     

纵向涡发生器对棒状燃料元件温度场的影响分析

运用CFD方法,模拟计算了在反应堆棒状燃料元件包壳表面加装纵向涡产生器(LVG)后,燃料棒、气隙、包壳和冷却剂的温度场和冷却剂的流场。计算时采用分块结构网格对带LVG的计算区域划分网格,使用SSTk-ω模型模拟冷却剂的湍流流动,对于控制方程和湍流方程的离散采用二阶格式以保证计算精度。计算结果表明:加装LVG后,包壳和冷却剂间的换热有所改善,燃料棒、气隙和包壳的最高温度有所降低。在LVG附近,燃料棒、气隙、包壳和冷却剂温度均会出现一个峰值,然后急剧下降。冷却剂流动的湍动能突然增强,有效地增强了冷却剂的横向流动,经过LVG后,湍动能逐渐减弱,横向流动速度也逐渐减小。     

微波调制型虚阴极振荡器的受迫振荡模型

利用受迫振荡模型分析了外部微波与自反馈微波调制入射电子束的虚阴极振荡的特点,得到了促使虚阴极振荡幅度增大的频率与位相条件。     

强迫振动法大跨度桥梁节段模型气动导数辨识

研制了桥梁节段模型颤振导数测定的二维强迫振动实验装置,采用变频调速技术实现对振动频率的控制,模型惯性力、气动力的测量采用了特殊设计的测力元件,模型运动用压电式加速度计进行测量。实验时,模型分别作单自由度的竖弯或扭转的简谐运动,通过测量模型所受到的气动力及模型位移,应用谱分析方法和非线性曲线拟合算法实现了对八个颤振气动导数的辨识,并通过平板模型实验数据与Theodorsen理想平板数据及国外文献数据对比对实验装置及辨识算法进行了检验。     

激光——等离子弧复合焊铝锂合金熔化过程的分析

为了研究激光-等离子弧复合焊熔化过程中的传热和流动特性，建立了针对1420铝锂合金的数值分析模型。在同时考虑表面张力、电磁力和热浮力作用的情况下，利用有限控制容积法求解该模型，得到熔池流场和温度场的数值解，从而直观地反映熔池形状的变化过程，并采用无量纲分析法对不同作用力对熔池传热和流动过程的影响进行定量化研究。分析结果表明：熔深的增长快于熔宽，因为熔深增加的主要机理是小孔效应，而熔宽增加的机理为对流传热作用；表面张力对熔池流动的影响最大，比电磁力的作用大1个数量级，比热浮力的作用大3个数量级；在熔化过程中，对流传热的作用大于热传导作用，心数最大值达7．6。     

Natural convection effects on TNT solidification inside a shaped charge mold

High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) warheads and ammunitions are frequently produced by explosive casting inside an axis-symmetric mold with an inverted conical geometry in the basis. In order to prevent manufacturing defects, the solidification process must be controlled. In this study, a dimensionless solidification model has been proposed to investigate the heat transfer considering the natural convection inside the liquid explosive and the numerical simulations were performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics and Modeling Software, employing trinitrotoluene (TNT) thermophysical properties. The effect of three different boundary conditions on the top of the mold have been evaluated: convection, adiabatic and isothermal. It has been observed that solidification process was faster for convection case and slower for isothermal case, while an intermediary total solidification time value was found for adiabatic case. Moreover, liquid explosive was completely surrounded by solid explosive during the solidification process for convection case and also for adiabatic case through the end of the process. Otherwise, it was not observed for isothermal case. The natural convection effects promoted a vortex inside the liquid explosive, accelerating the heat transfer process. It has been concluded that isothermal mold top boundary condition should be preferred to prevent manufacturing defects, avoiding high thermal stress.