The building evacuation problem with shared information

In this article, the Building Evacuation Problem with Shared Information (BEPSI) is formulated as a mixed integer linear program, where the objective is to determine the set of routes along which to send evacuees (supply) from multiple locations throughout a building (sources) to the exits (sinks) such that the total time until all evacuees reach the exits is minimized. The formulation explicitly incorporates the constraints of shared information in providing online instructions to evacuees, ensuring that evacuees departing from an intermediate or source location at a mutual point in time receive common instructions. Arc travel time and capacity, as well as supply at the nodes, are permitted to vary with time and capacity is assumed to be recaptured over time. The BEPSI is shown to be NP‐hard. An exact technique based on Benders decomposition is proposed for its solution. Computational results from numerical experiments on a real‐world network representing a four‐story building are given. Results of experiments employing Benders cuts generated in solving a given problem instance as initial cuts in addressing an updated problem instance are also provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Heavy metal free primers: Polymorphism of gadolinium and titanium in the context of GSR glass phase

The possibility of identifying gunshot residue (GSR) particles produced by non-toxic primers containing only titanium and zinc is a very difficult task using SEM/EDX analysis employed in the analysis of GSR originating from primers containing lead, barium and antimony. However, Bauer et al. demonstrated that non-toxic (TiZn) primers form a TiZn₂O₄ spinel crystalline structure using SEM/EDX with EBSD (Electron Back Scatter Diffraction) and TKD (Transmission Kikuchi Diffraction), whereas GSR originating from gadolinium-doped TiZn primers form a non-crystalline glass phase. Here, a possible explanation of these different phenomena is hypothesized.     

复杂线天线的一种矩量法算法

采用矩量法来计算复杂线天线.针对复杂线天线的特点,选择合适的积分方程和基函数的形式,收敛很快;另外对端点和结点的影响也做了处理,提高了计算精确度.     

方钢刚性减振结构对组合板振动影响的计算分析

从质量引起的阻抗失配的原理出发,利用波动理论分析了在板中嵌入一块方钢所引起的对振动波传播的阻碍作用,并且通过NASTRAN有限元软件进行了模拟计算,检验了方钢结构的隔振效果.     

14MnNbq钢强韧化机理研究

通过对14MnNbq钢板进行模拟控轧控冷试验,利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、力学性能试验等检测分析技术和手段,对试验结果进行了分析和研究,证明该钢具有较好的强韧化综合性能,满足了大型桥梁用钢的技术条件要求,并指出了14MnNbq钢的主要强韧化机制。     

进气道角度对含硼推进剂固冲发动机性能的影响

为了提高含硼推进剂固体火箭冲压发动机内硼颗粒的燃烧效率,采用颗粒轨道模型进行了补燃室两相流的数值模拟,其中硼颗粒的点火和燃烧模型采用的是King模型,建立了发动机补燃室内简单反应流模型,在该模型下研究了进气道的位置对非壅塞固体火箭冲压发动机燃烧效率的影响,并在此基础上进行直连式试验研究.结果表明,后进气道角度为60°时的燃烧效率比90°时高.     

基于RCS序列的助推段弹道导弹识别

在弹道导弹的助推段,通过低分辨率雷达得到RCS序列作为识别的重要信息。由于运动特性和电磁散射特性的差异,弹道导弹在助推段的RCS序列与其他目标相比具有可识别性,但需要对其RCS序列进行处理。基于目标识别技术,详细阐述能从RCS序列中提取出的特征参数,并通过直方图、N点截图等方法给出了直观的反映。最后,将弹道导弹助推段特征与飞机、燃料舱等典型目标进行对比,得到可以作为识别参量的特征参数,并通过类内类间距离验证了有效性。     

DIP引脚应变分析

为了研究双列直插式元件在振动冲击环境下的可靠性,首先通过建立其物理模型,利用莫尔积分方法对引脚的变形进行分析,可以得到引脚任意位置的变形量;而后建立元件的实体模型,利用有限元方法对其应力应变进行仿真分析,结果表明在外载荷作用下,引脚是元件的薄弱环节,尤其在引脚与其他部位连接位置处易出现应力集中使其应变量较大,导致可靠性降低;最后进行振动冲击环境下的应变测量试验,在30 g的冲击载荷下,引脚的最大变形量可达66.47×10-6,在50 g的冲击载荷下,引脚的最大变形量可达173.95×10-6,在扫频过程中,当激振频率为146.48 Hz时,引脚的变形量最大。     

铜铝导线搭接处铜导线形貌和成分分析

选用单芯聚氯乙烯绝缘铜导线和铝导线为实验材料并模拟火场条件，制备铜、铝导线搭接形成的一次短路痕迹、二次短路痕迹、火烧痕迹、过负荷痕迹和接触不良痕迹，为识别和分析铜、铝导线搭接痕迹并客观地认定火灾原因提供参考。     

相位非线性畸变对GPS伪距测量的影响

基于直接序列扩频体制的伪距测量在卫星导航、雷达、航天测控、深空探测等领域获得了广泛应用.射频链路、电缆多径等引入的相位非线性畸变会对扩频信号的传输时延产生影响,进而影响延迟锁定环(DLL)的伪距测量结果.传统群时延的定义难以描述一定带宽内的相位畸变,也难以与扩频信号时延建立对应关系.在对相频曲线进行Taylor展开的基础上给出了群时延的新定义,利用零阶群时延、线性群时延和抛物线群时延等来描述相位畸变,并定量研究各阶群时延对DLL伪距测量的影响.所得结论表明抛物线(二阶)群时延对伪距测量的影响最大.