社会资本对维系西部受援高校发展的策略空间探析

“对口支援”西部高校工作开展以来，西部高校在支援高校的大力支持和援助下，学科建设、师资培养和管理水平均取得了显著的进步。这归因于支援高校为西部高校构建了广阔的社会网络，获得了所需的社会资本，得到了所需的学术资源。本文力求不仅要重视“对口支援”西部高校的直接社会援助，而且要高度重视“对口支援”西部高校所建立的社会网络和所获得社会资本。在“对口支援“西部高校政策框架下，充分发挥社会资本对西部高校发展的增值效应，进一步提升维系西部高校发展的策略空间。     

军队装备资金管理系统的设计与实现

从技术角度详细介绍了军队装备资金管理系统的设计思想和实现方法,该系统采用军队装备财务规则规范,选用军方选型数据库系统ＯＲＡＣＬＥ工具编程．     

试论应收账款的管理

本文首先阐述了应收账款过大是阻碍新时期企业发展的一大弊端,其次,从应收账款的事前控制入手,多方面提出了解决这些问题的对策及应用。     

Does aid cause conflict in Pakistan?

This study provides evidence from Pakistan on how the delegated task of achieving strategic objectives of the donor can lead to incompatibility of aid objectives which then generates perpetual and multidimensional domestic conflict in the recipient society. We use count data method to estimate the relationship between aid and conflict. At the aggregate level, social sector spending, regime change and youth bulge are positively and significantly related with conflict. However, aid per capita gives ambiguous results. It is significant with conflict count in the terrorism data-set and insignificant for data on armed conflict. Inclusion of youth bulge and unemployment rate confirms the marginalization hypothesis of conflict. Inflation rate and the tax variables are insignificant. This confirms that aid erodes fiscal capacity. At project-level data, conflict is strongly related with aid commitment and purpose. Discrepancy in aid allocation and commitment may accentuate conflict.     

Budget allocation,national security,military intelligence,and human capital: a dynamic model

This study develops a dynamic model that integrates military intelligence into the defense capability of the country and the optimal allocation of its government budget. We assert that the effectiveness of the country’s military intelligence is contingent on the quality of its human capital, which, in turn, implies a long-term positive relationship between the government’s various civilian expenditures and its capacity to achieve a cost-effective intelligence and, hence, military capability. This relationship is developed within a multiple-period arms race model between two rivals. Using this model and stylized data for the Israeli–Syrian arms race, we show that an appropriate budget shift from defense to civilian expenditures during the initial periods of the planning horizon will gradually (over a decade, say) increase the quality of human capital in the country and, thus, the effectiveness of its intelligence, which, in turn, will increase the country’s future security and welfare.     

Educate or Adjudicate? Socioeconomic Heterogeneity and Welfare

I present a formal framework to explore the welfare and distributional effects of a government’s optimal choice over two types of public spending in a closed economy: domestic security (DS) and investment in social capital (SC). Production is characterized as a function of social and physical capital stocks that both vary across the regions. DS stands for total factor productivity, while SC stands for human capital and civic cooperativeness combined. SC accumulates via public spending on universal primary education, cultural, and civic events and such, and is exposed to regional spillover effects. Numerical simulations of the static solution of the government’s welfare maximization problem reveal that the optimal rate of spending on SC (m^*) is negatively related with the income share of physical capital, SC spillovers and fiscal decentralization. Simulations also show that SC homogeneity is positively associated with both the level and equitability of aggregate income. The maximum attainable levels of income, welfare and social cohesion and the most equitable incomes are all observed to realize at some intermediate range of m^* values. In case DS augments SC, however, social cohesion improves and welfare declines monotonously in m^*.     

家庭文化资本对学生学业成绩的影响及对策研究——基于石河子市某初中的调研

家庭文化资本不但是家庭社会地位的象征,还是影响家中子女学业成就获得的关键因素。为了深入了解家庭文化资本对学生学业成绩的影响状况,本研究选取石河子市某初中学校,按照分层抽样的方法选取229名学生作为被试,采用自编的《家庭文化资本问卷》,探求初中生家庭文化资本与其学业成绩的关系。结果显示,石河子市初中生家庭文化资本对学生学业成绩的有极其显著的正向影响,家庭文化氛围、父母和学生本人对学生将来学历的期望对学生学业成绩有显著的正向影响。     

基于多栅格的基建营房保障信息耦合研究

合理利用军地资源实施一体化保障是现代战争或非战争军事行动基建营房保障的重要内容，然而，包含大量此类信息的商用网络、行业网络和平时基建营房业务管理网络的信息如何能被有效利用却是一个令人头疼的问题。依托军事信息栅格和地方多个行业信息网络，研究、设计缓冲数据库和数据订制服务软件，安全可靠地将分布在多个信息栅格中的基建营房保障所需信息耦合到军事后勤信息网络中，为快速、科学制定基建营房保障计划和实施战时基建营房一体化保障提供强有力的信息支持。     

The inherent propensity toward peace or war embodied in weaponry

Thomas Schelling argues that armed adversaries face an inherent propensity toward peace or war embodied in their weaponry, geography and military organizations. Inherent propensity is the idea that there are characteristics embodied in the weapons that push adversaries toward peace or war, independent of the goals of the decision‐makers, the political disagreement between adversaries, and misperceptions about mutual resolve and hostility. We theoretically illustrate inherent propensity in conventional and nuclear arms settings using Lanchester and Intriligator war models. Our work extends the Intriligator‐Brito model, identifies when the competing Richardson and Intriligator‐Brito views of the relationship between arms races and war are correct, illustrates the stabilizing/destabilizing effects of alliances, and highlights the importance of arms quality control in the US‐USSR relationship.     

Countering the effects of IED systems in Afghanistan: an integral approach

The current approach to countering the threat of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Afghanistan has met with limited success. The relative lack of success may be in part because the current approach is not holistic and discounts the social systems that foster the IEDs. Insurgents are using IEDs as a tool to further their strategic aims, but the coalition and to a lesser extent the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA) are attacking the IEDs as if they are an end in and of themselves. Combining network disruption with information change maximizes the opportunities for mitigating the IED threat. More specifically, to mitigate the IED threat requires disrupting the social and economic systems associated with IEDs, and at the same time providing alternative economic opportunities and improving rule of law and governance at the local level. In other words, counter-IED (C-IED) must be Counter-Insurgency (COIN) centric to be successful. This paper reviews the current state of C-IED efforts, identifies five main problems with the current approach, and suggests changes to reduce or mitigate the IED threat in Afghanistan.