Probabilistic resource pooling games

We study a setting with a single type of resource and with several players, each associated with a single resource (of this type). Unavailability of these resources comes unexpectedly and with player‐specific costs. Players can cooperate by reallocating the available resources to the ones that need the resources most and let those who suffer the least absorb all the costs. We address the cost savings allocation problem with concepts of cooperative game theory. In particular, we formulate a probabilistic resource pooling game and study them on various properties. We show that these games are not necessarily convex, do have non‐empty cores, and are totally balanced. The latter two are shown via an interesting relationship with Böhm‐Bawerk horse market games. Next, we present an intuitive class of allocation rules for which the resulting allocations are core members and study an allocation rule within this class of allocation rules with an appealing fairness property. Finally, we show that our results can be applied to a spare parts pooling situation.     

全面深化改革 实现我国社会主义市场经济地位的转变

党的十八届三中全会的最大亮点和理论创新之一就是,提出了要实现市场对资源配置的决定性作用。这是思想解放的重大突破,也是深化经济体制改革以及引领其他领域改革的基本方针。阐述了改革开放35年党对市场经济地位和作用认识的历史进程,以及我国社会主义市场经济地位转变的必然性,提出了全面深化经济体制改革、实现市场经济地位转变的举措。     

省部共建高校的服务定位：打造区域经济社会发展的核心动力源

省部共建高校是我国高等教育的重要组成部分，其服务应立足区域经济建设和社会发展的需要，一方面推进区域自主创新，另一方面实现学校自身又好又快的发展。该文从人才培养、科技创新、社会服务、文化辐射四方面分析了省部共建高校的服务定位，提出力争将其建设成为推动区域经济社会发展的核心动力源，成为地方高校发展的示范集群。     

A multi‐stage stochastic programming approach for network capacity expansion with multiple sources of capacity

In networks, there are often more than one sources of capacity. The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker. Depending on the nature of sources, we identify the permanent capacity, spot market capacity, and contract capacity. We use a scenario tree to model the uncertainty, and build a multi‐stage stochastic integer program that can incorporate multiple sources and multiple types of capacities in a general network. We propose two solution methodologies for the problem. Firstly, we design an asymptotically convergent approximation algorithm. Secondly, we design a cutting plane algorithm based on Benders decomposition to find tight bounds for the problem. The numerical experiments show superb performance of the proposed algorithms compared with commercial software. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 600–614, 2017     

Optimal operating policies in a commodity trading market with the manufacturer's presence

With the help of the Internet and express delivery at relatively low costs, trading markets have become increasingly popular as a venue to sell excess inventory and a source to obtain products at lower prices. In this article, we study the operational decisions in the presence of a trading market in a periodic‐review, finite‐horizon setting. Prices in the trading market change periodically and are determined endogenously by the demand and supply in the market. We characterize the retailers'optimal ordering and trading policies when the original manufacturer and the trading market co‐exist and retailers face fees to participate in the trading market. Comparing with the case with no trading fees, we obtain insights into the impact of trading fees and the fee structure on the retailers and the manufacturer. Further, we find that by continually staying in the market, the manufacturer may use her pricing strategies to counter‐balance the negative impact of the trading market on her profit. Finally, we extend the model to the case when retailers dynamically update their demand distribution based on demand observations in previous periods. A numerical study provides additional insights into the impact of demand updating in a trading market with the manufacturer's competition. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

对恐怖活动成因的深层透析

恐怖活动是困扰当今世界和平的大敌，其发生有许多表层或直接诱因。深入分析当今世界的经济体系和社会政治体制可以发现，一个国家或地区的经济发展不平衡、对社会资源的获取不平衡。是恐怖活动发生的深层根源。由此可见，根除恐怖活动的根本途径在于加强社会的和谐与协调发展。     

Supply chain coordination with shelf‐space and retail price dependent demand and heterogeneous retailers

We consider supply chain coordination in which a manufacturer supplies some product to multiple heterogeneous retailers and wishes to coordinate the supply chain via wholesale price and holding cost subsidy. The retail price is either exogenous or endogenous. The market demand is described by the market share attraction model based on all retailers'shelf‐spaces and retail prices. We obtain optimal solutions for the centralized supply chain, where the optimal retail pricing is a modified version of the well‐known cost plus pricing strategy. We further get feasible contracts for the manufacturer to coordinate the hybrid and decentralized supply chains. The manufacturer can allocate the total profit free to himself and the retail market via the wholesale price when the retail price is exogenous, but otherwise he cannot. Finally, we point out that different characteristics of the retail market are due to different powers of the manufacturer, and the more power the manufacturer has, the simpler the contract to coordinate the chain will be. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

兵团应以积极的市场经济战略挑战大开发

兵团应抓住实施西部大开发战略之机,以市场经济战略积极参与挑战。西部大开发战略与以往的开发大西北不同,兵团应以市场经济为基础,创立新的经济体制;以市场为导向,确立大开发战略;以富民政策为根本确立新的大发展思想;以可持续发展为前提,确立全新的发展思路;以小城镇建设为依托积极发展兵团经济。     

知识经济与期刊文献资源

开发和利用期刊文献 ,在知识经济时代具有重要的作用。要开发、激活、利用好其中大量、最新科技信息 ,应做到以下几点 :增加文献开发利用意识 ,对文献进行科学收藏 ,建立合理的管理制度 ,加快期刊工作的现代化建设 ,提高读者文检能力 ,培养高素质的文献管理队伍     

共产党员先进性之我见

对党员先进性的要求,不能简单地把对政党整体的要求与对党员个体的要求划等号,不能简单地用先进英模来衡量大多数普通党员,不能简单地把理论上的要求与实际操作的行为准则划等号,也不能简单地把特殊时期的要求与平时要求混同起来。在市场经济条件下党员有自己正当的利益,党员的先进性在于把个人利益与社会利益有机地统一起来。应从人性的角度定位党员可操作的行为准则,使党员先进性要求切实可行。