基于分布式对象技术的CAD集成框架的模型与结构

分布式对象技术是当前实现企业应用集成的主流技术。本文首先介绍了基于分布式对象技术的ＣＡＤ集成框架支撑平台的总体结构，以此为基础，设计了大型电子设备并行设计ＣＡＤ集成框架的体系结构，提出“框架总线＋软构件”的框架模型，最终探讨了集成框架具体的实现方法和技术。     

Trilateral defence cooperation in the North: an assessment of interoperability between Norway,Sweden and Finland

Norway, Sweden and Finland have proclaimed a willingness to cooperate militarily in a future crisis or conflict despite their diverging alliance affiliation. This article assesses their ability to do so through various elements affecting their interoperability, with Arctic Challenge, a multinational military exercise, as an empirical basis. The analysis finds that the NATO/non-NATO-divide has a negative impact on the trilateral defence cooperation, especially on exchange of information and aspects related to command and control. At the same time, Finland and Sweden have become largely NATO-standardized through their active partnership with the Alliance. This has affected interoperability aspects, such as communication, culture, and the compatibility of technical solutions, in a positive manner. Through agreements with the Alliance, as well as domestic legal changes, the two NATO-partners have facilitated receiving military assistance from Norway and other NATO-members during a crisis. Other agreements between the Nordic countries, however, have been limited to peacetime.