舰船横向消磁技术初步研究

针对消磁站沿地磁东西方向建设时地磁场的补偿问题,研究了横向地磁补偿线圈的布置方案及优化问题,提出了补偿线圈部分交叠放置的布置方法,并采用Powell法对补偿线圈中的补偿电流进行了优化。实验结果表明:线圈交叠放置确实能改善横向地磁的补偿情况,而如果将交叠线圈中的电流作为独立变量分别进行优化时,横向地磁的补偿效果将得到明显的改善。     

亥姆霍兹线圈磁场均匀性的研究

推导了亥姆霍兹线圈所产生的磁感应强度的计算公式,利用该公式进行了编程计算,研究了亥姆霍兹线圈在空间所产生的磁场分布规律．以１％均匀度为例给出了磁场均匀区与环半径（距离）之间的关系．     

Modeling and solution for the ship stowage planning problem of coils in the steel industry

We consider a ship stowage planning problem where steel coils with known destination ports are to be loaded onto a ship. The coils are to be stowed on the ship in rows. Due to their heavy weight and cylindrical shape, coils can be stowed in at most two levels. Different from stowage problems in previous studies, in this problem there are no fixed positions on the ship for the coils due to their different sizes. At a destination port, if a coil to be unloaded is not at a top position, those blocking it need to be shuffled. In addition, the stability of ship has to be maintained after unloading at each destination port. The objective for the stowage planning problem is to minimize a combination of ship instability throughout the entire voyage, the shuffles needed for unloading at the destination ports, and the dispersion of coils to be unloaded at the same destination port. We formulate the problem as a novel mixed integer linear programming model. Several valid inequalities are derived to help reducing solution time. A tabu search (TS) algorithm is developed for the problem with the initial solution generated using a construction heuristic. To evaluate the proposed TS algorithm, numerical experiments are carried out on problem instances of three different scales by comparing it with a model‐based decomposition heuristic, the classic TS algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the manual method used in practice. The results show that for small problems, the proposed algorithm can generate optimal solutions. For medium and large practical problems, the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 564–581, 2015     

采用多种群搜索策略的微粒群算法调整消磁绕组

目前,常用的消磁系统调整方法一般都是针对舰艇磁场进行的,而较少考虑磁场梯度。为改善舰艇的磁隐身性能,应当同时考虑两者的有效衰减,由此确定的电流优化调整问题为多目标优化问题。为解决该问题,首先采用一种基于多种群搜索策略的微粒群算法分别求解两类目标函数的最优值,并将这两类最优值作为目标函数的归一化常数,然后选取一组适当的权重将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,并采用多种群微粒群算法求解该单目标优化问题。最后,采用一个典型的消磁系统优化调整问题来验证方法的有效性。实验结果表明:该方法不但能够实现舰船磁信号的削减,同时还能有效抑制舰船磁信号的波动。     

基于神经网络的绕组电流闭环控制方法

在解决闭环消磁绕组电流优化计算问题时,会面临将外部磁场推算误差带入电流反演计算或完备的基函数难以确定等问题。为了降低这些因素对舰船最终补偿效果的影响,从智能优化的角度出发,在讨论散布常数对模型预测误差的影响后,确定了适宜的散布常数,建立了内部磁场与补偿电流之间的径向基函数神经网络预报模型。该方法通过样本对网络进行训练,无须推算内外磁场,就能直接得到使绕组磁场与目标磁场拟合误差最小的补偿电流向量。对比其他数值建模方法,其换算精度有所提高,且选择不同的同维向量作为基函数对补偿结果影响较小。船模实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

同轴均匀消磁线圈对坦克磁场影响效应的数值模拟

通过数值处理和计算机模拟，得出一种排布方式的消磁线圈对坦克磁场的影响效应分布，即当消磁线圈为均匀密排情形时，线圈内部为匀强磁场，方向沿通电线圈的轴向，且与环形电流呈右手螺旋关系；线圈外部为磁偶极子场，该场会随着与线圈中心距离的增大而迅速减小。数值模拟的结果可为封闭型军事装备表层安装消磁线圈提供参考；通过分析消磁线圈附加磁场的特点为装备磁防护理论提供一些支持。     

磁隐身坦克的实验设计及性能检测

通过模拟实验,研究了磁隐身坦克的核心元件——同轴密绕消磁线圈的使用性能。实验室对其消磁效应的数据分析表明:同轴密绕消磁线圈能够消除坦克周围因被地磁场磁化而产生的磁场标志,其中近轴区域的消磁效果更为明显;如果在消磁线圈中通入反向电流,消磁物体的磁场反而会增强,呈缓慢磁化的趋势,这与电磁场理论相符。本实验设计的消磁线圈属于一种新功能的电磁装甲,能提高坦克在电磁战中的生存能力。