Quantifying the performance effects of idle time utilization in multiserver systems

In many practical multiserver queueing systems, servers not only serve randomly arriving customers but also work on the secondary jobs with infinite backlog during their idle time. In this paper, we propose a c‐server model with a two‐threshold policy, denoted by (e d), to evaluate the performance of this class of systems. With such a policy, when the number of idle servers has reached d (<c), then e (<d) idle agents will process secondary jobs. These e servers keep working on the secondary jobs until they find waiting customers exist in the system at a secondary job completion instant. Using the matrix analytic method, we obtain the stationary performance measures for evaluating different (e, d) policies. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007.     

儒家孝文化:碑志文体的文化意蕴

在古代文献各类文体中,碑志文的写法最为固定,它的体例可以概括为世系、行治、卒葬和铭文四部分。这种历久不变的文体,透射出中国人超越生死的独特智慧——家族孝文化。世系的排列体现出孝的最基本的第一层含义——延续父母与祖先的生物性生命;行治的罗举体现出孝的更高一层含义——延续父母与祖先的高级生命;卒葬和铭文体现儒家孝道之宗族群居的伦理精神。     

试论纪伯伦《先知》中的死亡观及其成因

纪伯伦在《先知》中表达出的死亡意识是一个应该关注的问题。他认为，死亡意识是与生命、神以及爱紧密相连的；而对其人生经历、宗教信仰和哲学背景的考察，则是死亡观形成原因必要的梳理。     

多级可修备件库存的生灭过程建模与优化

针对VARI-METRIC模型在低可用度下结果不准确的问题,建立基于生灭过程的任意等级、任意层级可修件库存优化模型。通过对各级站点、各类备件需求率与到达率的预测,对每个部件建立其生灭过程模型,并提出基于生灭过程的装备可用度计算方法。以整个保障系统的装备可用度为约束指标,以备件总购置费最低为目标,利用边际算法得到最优备件配置方案,并建立仿真模型对所得优化方案进行评估与调整。结合算例,以仿真结果作为检验标准,选取权威的VMETRIC软件与该解析模型在优化性能、计算精度及适用性上进行对比和说明。结果表明,无论是解析模型还是VMETRIC软件,均存在一定的适用范围,而采用解析与仿真相结合的方法无疑具有更强的适应性。     

成层地基中压入法沉桩引起的桩周土体变形分析

通过在桩-土界面设置接触面,选用合理的单元类型,建立了较为符合压入桩压桩实际的三维有限元模型。利用得到的有限元模型,采用单元生死技术对压入桩压桩过程进行了数值模拟,讨论了成层地基压桩过程中桩周土体的竖向应力及应变随压桩深度的动态变化。选用桩型为钢管桩,分析结果表明:随着压桩深度的增加,桩内桩周土体的竖向应力(或应变)一直表现为压应力(或压应变),且逐渐增大;桩外桩周土体的竖向应力(或应变)逐渐由压应力(或压应变)变为拉应力(或拉应变)。随着压桩深度的增加,桩内桩周土体前3层竖向应力(或应变)的变化幅度基本一致,第4层的变化幅度增大;桩外桩周土体每2层土之间的差异都较大。     

Optimal timing of switches between product sales for sports and entertainment tickets

Like airlines and hotels, sports teams and entertainment venues can benefit from revenue management efforts for their ticket sales. Teams and entertainment venues usually offer bundles of tickets early in their selling horizon and put single‐event tickets on sale at a later date; these organizations must determine the best time to offer individual tickets because both types of ticket sales consume the same fixed inventory. We model the optimal a priori timing decision for a seller with a fixed number of identical tickets to switch from selling the tickets as fixed bundles to individual tickets to maximize the revenue realized before the start of the performance season. We assume that bundle and single‐ticket customers each arrive according to independent, nonhomogeneous Markovian death processes with a linear death rate that can vary over time and that the benefit from selling a ticket in a package is higher than from selling the ticket individually. We characterize the circumstances in which it is optimal for the seller to practice mixed bundling and when the seller should only sell bundles or individual tickets, and we establish comparative statics for the optimal timing decision for the special case of constant customer arrival rates. We extend our analytical results to find the optimal time for offering two groups of tickets with high and low demand. Finally, we apply the timing model to a data set obtained from the sports industry. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

广生灭过程的积分型随机泛函

讨论了广生灭过程的积分型随机泛函的概率分布，给出了分布的拉氏变换所满足的差分方程，且求出了它们的解     

多层次区域炮兵地面侦察配系效能的评估

为了评估由于侦察区域大、目标机动性强等特点而建立的炮兵地面侦察配系的效能,运用排队论方法,建立了侦察配系效能评估模型.该模型综合考虑了各种因素对侦察配系效能的影响,把侦察区域按照距离的远近划分为不同的范围来进行侦察配系的效能评估.当目标流的速率发生变化时,依然可以灵活运用该模型对侦察配系的效能做出准确的评估.以雷达侦察配系为例,论证了评估模型在侦察效能评估中的可行性,为侦察配系效能评估提供了可靠的分析方法.     

Sojourn times in a two‐stage queueing network with blocking

The model considered in this paper involves a tandem queue consisting of a sequence of two waiting lines. The main feature of our model is blocking, i.e., as soon as the second waiting line reaches a certain upper limit, the first line is blocked. The input of units to the tandem queue is the MAP (Markovian arrival process), and service requirements are of phase type. Our objective is to study the sojourn time distribution under the first‐come‐first‐serve discipline by analyzing the sojourn time through times until absorption in appropriately defined quasi‐birth‐and‐death processes and continuous‐time Markov chains. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

政治因素对“言语”符号的影响

“言语”符号的发展受诸多因素的影响，政治是其中之一。从政治对“言语”符号生命的催生、政治对“言语”符号的消解、政治对“言语”符号的曲解三个方面论述了政治对“言语”符号的影响。