高重合度人字齿轮传动动态性能优化设计

对人字齿轮传动进行高重合度设计的分析,基于人字齿轮副承载接触分析技术,针对人字齿轮传动中主动小齿轮轴向浮动安装的特点,综合考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、啮合冲击激励及误差激励等因素的影响,采用集中质量法建立了考虑修形的人字齿轮副弯-扭-轴耦合非线性振动模型,推导了系统无量纲运动微分方程,求解得到齿轮传动系统的振动加速度。以齿轮的振动加速度均方根值为优化的目标函数,针对该类复杂实际工程优化设计中适应值计算费时的缺点,提出了一种改进的具有适应值预测机制的遗传算法,优化得到了人字齿轮的基本设计参数及修形参数,提高了计算效率,通过实例分析验证了该优化方法的有效性。对加工的人字齿轮在减振降噪试验台上进行带载试验,对比优化前后的噪音分贝值,进一步验证了该优化方法对齿轮副减振降噪具有一定作用。

Optimized design of dynamic behavior of double helical gears with high contact ratio

Considering the design of high contact ratio of double helical gears, based on the loaded tooth contact analysis technology, the bending-torsional-axial coupling dynamic model of modification double helical gears is established with the concentrated parameter method in consideration of the special axial floating installation characteristics of pinion and the stiffness excitation,error excitation and meshing impact excitation. The dynamic equation is deduced by the newton method and solved to obtain dynamic behavior of the gears. A fitness approximation genetic algorithm is introduced to dispose the problem of time waste in calculating fitness. The root mean square of vibration acceleration is selected to be object function to optimize the basic design parameters and parabola modification coefficient by the fitness approximation genetic algorithm. The effectiveness of the optimization method is confirmed by the given example. In the end, the noise values of original gears and optimization ones obtained by the loaded test, further verify that the optimal method has certain effect on the noise reduction of gears.