跨谱域低可探测的电磁超构表面天线

针对低可探测飞行器平台对天线的新需求,提出并设计了微波与红外跨谱域低可探测的电磁超构表面天线。将电磁超构表面设计思想融入天线设计中,在正常辐射下,使其具有电磁超构表面的吸波特性。该设计不用额外加载电磁超构表面,仅利用天线自身结构就能减缩其雷达散射截面。在此基础上,为了实现天线红外低可探测,设计了微波频段透波、红外频段低发射率的电磁超构表面,加载到天线上降低了其发射率。实验结果表明,新设计的电磁超构表面天线工作在2.72～2.82 GHz,最大增益达到6.72 dBi;在2.70～2.80 GHz反射幅度均小于-10 dB,最小为-12.49 dB;加载电磁超构表面后天线的发射率为0.212,与加载前的天线相比降低了0.334 (61.2%)。新设计的天线在保持正常辐射下,较好地实现了微波与红外低可探测,为低可探测飞行器平台的天线设计提供了新的途径。

Metasurface antenna with cross-spectrum and low-observable performance

Aiming at the new requirements of antenna for low-observable aircraft platform, metasurface antenna with microwave and infrared cross-spectrum and low-observable performance was proposed and designed. To enable the antenna to possess normal radiation properties and absorbing characteristics simultaneously, a novel idea that metasurface design thought integrated into the antenna design was proposed. In this way, radar cross section of the antenna can be reduced without additional loading of the absorbing metasurface, and only by using absorbing characteristics of the antenna structure. On this basis, to realize infrared low-observable of the antenna, metasurface with microwave transparent characteristics and low emissivity characteristics in the infrared band was designed, and it was loaded above the antenna to reduce antenna emissivity. Experimental results show that the novel designed metasurface antenna operates from 2.72 GHz to 2.82 GHz and the maximum gain reaches 6.72 dBi, which indicates the antenna possesses good radiation properties. The reflection magnitudes of the electromagnetic metasurface antenna are all less than -10 dB from 2.70 GHz to 2.80 GHz. The minimum reflection magnitude is -12.49 dB. The emissivity of the antenna is 0.212 by loading the metasurface, which is 0.334 (61.2%) lower than the antenna without metasurface. From the above results, it can be concluded that the novel designed antenna achieves low-observability of both microwave and infrared simultaneously while maintaining normal radiation properties. The novel metasurface antenna provides a novel approach for antenna design of low-observable aircraft platforms.