基于北斗信号的降雨信息监测方法

为充分挖掘北斗信号大数据资源的应用价值,拓展其在大气海洋领域的应用方向,重点从理论上研究了利用北斗信号的极化相移监测降雨信息问题。结合北斗信号的频率和极化特征,从极化相移的定义出发,分析了北斗信号经过雨区和降雨粒子相互作用的微物理过程,建立了极化相移与降雨强度之间的数学模型;利用数值模拟方法对该数学模型进行分析得出,北斗信号极化相移对降雨强度具有敏感性,这说明了北斗信号监测降雨强度的可行性;还系统研究了雨滴谱分布、雨区路径长度和卫星仰角等关键因素对极化相移的影响,为后续开展实验验证提出了合理化建议。

Method to monitor rainfall information based on BeiDou signal

To fully make use of the value of BeiDou signals big data resources and expand its applications in atmospheric and oceanic fields, a method to monitor rainfall information using polarimetric phase shift of BeiDou signals was studied theoretically. Based on the frequency and polarization characteristics of BeiDou signals, the microphysical process of BeiDou signals passing through rain area and interacting with raindrops was analyzed; from the definition of polarimetric phase shift, the mathematical model between polarimetric phase shift and rainfall intensity was established and analyzed by numerical simulation method. It is concluded that the polarimetric phase shift of BeiDou signals is sensitive to rainfall intensity, which illustrates the feasibility of monitoring rainfall intensity by BeiDou signals. The influence of some key factors such as raindrop size distribution, path length of rain area and elevation angle of satellite on polarimetric phase shift is systematically studied, and reasonable suggestions are put forward for subsequent experimental verification.