基于区域实际大气的红外制导波段目标背景对比度变化特性数值计算

红外制导武器对目标的发现、识别和跟踪主要依据目标与背景的红外辐射特性及其对比特性，目标背景对比特性研究是红外制导武器研制过程中的必要环节。依据目标背景对比度定义，采用基于既定区域实际观测大气数据构建大气参数廓线并嵌入成熟、通用的大气辐射传输模型计算的方式，探讨了红外波段实际大气目标背景对比度变化特征，及其与标准大气下的目标背景对比度差异。结果表明，影响目标背景对比度的主要因素为大气透过率，实际大气目标背景对比度与标准大气的存在一定偏差，偏差与季节和波段均有关，可直接影响到红外波段实际应用中的目标识别能力。

Characteristic of Target-background Contrast of Actual Atmospheric Infrared Band

Along with the development of infrared technology and extensive application on military affairs, more and more at?tentions are focused on the study of infrared radiation transmission of target and background. Target?background contrast is one of the important parameter for detection and indentification of target. Using the area actual atmosphere on infrared atmos?pheric transmittance which is embeded in the common atmospheric radiative transfer model, the characteristics of target?background contrast of the infrared band are analyzed. On the basis of these, the differences between actual and standard at?mosphere are also investigated. The results show that the atmospheric transmittance is the main influence factor for the target?background contrast. The actual atmosphere must be considered for the better estimations of the infrared atmosphere transmit?tance and target?background contrast. It is significant for the infrrared?guided weapons to improve the precision and the adap?tation of environment.