船舶火灾特性及其预防对策

随着国际贸易不断增多,作为运输重要手段的航运业也呈现迅猛发展态势,与此同时各类船舶火灾事故的数量和财产损失也在不断攀升。这些火灾主要呈现出火灾荷载量较大,蔓延速度快,电气线路复杂,线路铺设混乱,散热、排烟困难,监管盲区较多,人员消防安全意识淡薄等特性。要有效防控船舶火灾,需要加强船员消防安全培训和船舶消防设施的建设,强化船舶消防安全监管和建立＂人、物、机＂一体的火灾监控体系。

The Characteristics of Ship Fires and the Countermeasures

Ship fires occur more frequently in recent years with the development of international trade and business.The characteristics of these fires are as follows： the big fire load,the quick fire spread,the complex electric circuit and the hard smoke ventilation,multiple black spots and the poor of fire awareness.This paper suggests strengthening the fire training of ship crew and fire facilities,and a complete system of fire supervision of the combination of the crew,commercial goods and the ship.