区块链在车联网中的应用综述

针对当前车联网系统面临的网络安全与可信以及数据大规模同步共享挑战,提出利用区块链技术提升车联网系统的安全性水平与协同共享能力。首先从概念特征与技术架构两个层面对区块链技术进行了整体概述,并结合区块链去中心化存储、共识安全防护、数据不可篡改等特点,探讨了区块链与边缘计算协同应用的互补优势与研究现状。进而从协作同步、安全信任、数据共享三个角度分析了区块链在车联网系统中的应用方向并具体介绍了区块链在车联网数据、模型等元素共享方面的应用研究内容。最后从车联网系统中的车和路两个角度指出了未来区块链技术将推动车联网由单车智能向群体智能、由单点交通控制向区域联动控制演进发展。区块链与车联网的结合应用有效提升了车联网的安全性水平与协同共享能力,将进一步推动汽车、交通与通信等行业深度融合,促进车联网技术高速发展。

Review of Blockchain in Internet of Vehicles

In view of the challenges of security,trustworthiness and data sharing faced by Internet of Vehicles(IoV)systems,blockchain technology is introduced to enhance the security and collaborative sharing capability of IoV.The overview of blockchain technology is given from two aspects of features and technical architecture.Combining the features of decentralized storage,consensus-based security and data immutability of blockchain,the complementary advantages and research status of the cooperative application of blockchain and edge computing are discussed.Then,the application direction and current researches of blockchain in IoV system are analyzed from the perspective of synchronization,security and data sharing.Finally,the development trend of blockchain in IoV is pointed out that the future blockchain technology will promote the evolution and development of IoV from single vehicle intelligence to group intelligence and from single point traffic control to regional linkage control from the perspectives of vehicles and roads.The integrated application of blockchain and IoV enhances the security and data sharing of IoV,which will further promote the deep integration of automobile,transportation and communication industries and accelerate the development of IoV technology.