濒海战斗舰——美国海军新型装备

美国海军称濒海战斗舰（LCS）是一种适于近海复杂水情的快速、高度机动的水面作战平台。海湾战争之后,美军为了加强水面舰艇对地攻击、加强机动性和适应削减军费的形势,濒海战舰应运而生一跃成为当今世界武器的新宠。LCS具有单体和三体两种船体,根据三种作战任务实现模块化重构。尽管发展十多年来LCS在功能设计和火力配置上远远未达到军方的要求,被人指责为＂中看不中用＂,尽管LCS的费效比一直为美国国会所诟病,然而,LCS的建造代表着美国海军作战理念的战略转型。美海军在LCS的快速灵活、续航能力、武器装备方面不断寻求最优组合,以达到其控制亚太和世界海洋权的目的。文章较为系统地介绍美国LCS崛起的原因、发展历史、战术技术性能及近期发展动态。

Littoral Combat Ship-The New Force in the US Navy

The Littoral Combat Ship（LCS） is a fast a highly mobile surface warfare platform which is suitable for offshore complex conditions. After the Gulf War, the US intended to strengthen the ground attack ability, enhance mobility and reduce military spending, so the LCS emerged and became the world＇s new favorite weapon. LCS has single and three-body hull, which is modularly reconfigurable to suit three combat missions. Despite of more than a decade＇s development, the LCS functional design and firepower does not meet the requirements of the military, and it was accused of＂useless＂ and its cost-effectiveness has been criticized by the US Congress. However, LCS represents a strategic transformation of Naval operation concept. The US Navy continues to seek the optimal combination of speed, flexibility, endurance, weapons and equipment to achieve their goal to control the Asia-Pacific and the world＇s ocean.