水下近距爆炸作用下弹性钢板处的空化特性研究

弹性钢板在水下近距爆炸作用下,冲击波会使其附近流体形成局部空化,脉动气泡会使流体形成锥形空化。利用平面冲击波理论对局部空化的形成特性进行了研究,理论分析了结构目标尺度的变化对空化区域形成的影响,并通过具体试验对局部空化理论进行了验证,两者符合较好;通过试验和数值仿真方法研究了气泡脉动引起的锥形空化的形成特点,初步分析了锥形空化的形成原因。结果表明,锥形空化对结构具有较大的冲击作用。

Characteristics of cavitation arising below elastic steel plate subjected to close underwater explosion

The local cavitation due to shock waves and the cone-shaped cavitation due to bubble oscillations appear where the underwater explosion takes place closely below a steel plate.The characteristics of the formation of local cavitation were theoretically and experimentally studied on the basis of plane shock wave approximation.The effects of the local cavitation formation on the object dimensions were analyzed theoretically.The experimental results agree with the theoretical ones.Meanwhile,the characteristics of the formation of cone-shaped cavitation were numerically and experimentally analyzed,and the reason why the cone-shaped cavitation arised was put forward.The results show that the cone-shaped cavitation gives a significant impact on the target plate.