干粉吸附剂洗消苯乙烯蒸气试验研究

试验探索了活性炭、海泡石、硅藻土、膨润土、活性氧化铝和高疏水性树脂等6种常见干粉吸附剂对苯乙烯蒸气的洗消性能。其中活性炭可以在6 min内将苯乙烯蒸气浓度降至448.1 ppm,洗消率达到89.0%,最大洗消速率80.5 ppm·s-1;活性炭和活性氧化铝以4︰1复配后能在7 min内将苯乙烯蒸气浓度降至433.1 ppm,洗消率达到90.4%,最大洗消速率80.5 ppm·s-1。活性炭及活性炭复配活性氧化铝对苯乙烯蒸气有明显的洗消效果,可以在苯乙烯泄漏事故现场处置中发挥巨大作用。     

激光重复频率对吸气式多脉冲激光推进冲量耦合系数的影响

针对实验室已有的平顶抛物形喷管,数值模拟了单脉冲激光能量为500J时,不同激光重复频率下的激波流场演化过程,分析了喷管内激波流场对后续脉冲的影响,得到了冲量耦合系数随激光重复频率的变化规律。结果表明:激光重复频率在10～100Hz范围内,冲量耦合系数随频率的增加显著减小;在100～400Hz范围内,冲量耦合系数下降趋势变缓;随着脉冲数目的增多,喷管内气体密度降低,后续脉冲受到之前激波流场影响增大,推进性能降低。     

同轴环缝气流作用下锥形液膜线性稳定性分析

为了分析气液同轴离心式喷嘴的雾化机理,对同轴气体作用下的锥形液膜进行时间稳定性分析,推导同轴气体作用下锥形液膜的色散方程,建立离心式喷嘴出口参数预测模型,用于数值求解色散方程。结果表明：喷嘴出口液膜厚度随着喷注压降的增加而减小,喷雾锥角、液膜速度和轴向速度随着喷注压降的增加而增大。同轴气体作用下液膜由正弦模式的表面波主导,因为正弦模式的表面波增长率远大于曲张模式的表面波增长率。当环缝气体喷注速度较小时,增加气体速度会减小气液相对速度,从而减弱气液相互作用,使得液膜主导表面波增长率和频率减小、破碎时间和破碎长度增加。而当环缝气体速度超过一个临界值后,随着气体速度的增大,液膜主导表面波增长率和频率迅速增大,破碎时间和破碎长度迅速减小。     

电缆负载射频电磁辐射响应规律研究

采用基于有限积分法的电磁仿真软件CST建立等幅正弦波辐照条件下同轴电缆电磁耦合响应模型,研究终端负载电阻及电缆长度对终端响应电压的影响规律。结果表明,随着终端负载电阻的增大,响应电压逐渐增大,而后趋于稳定;不同频率条件下,电缆长度在一个波长范围内,电缆负载响应电压幅值先是随着电缆长度的增加而变大;达到最大值后,随着长度的增加,响应幅值反而减小。     

多孔介质中气体流量对流动阻力影响的实验研究

对空气在多孔介质(Pd/SiO2颗粒催化剂)中的流动阻力特性进行了冷态实验,研究了气体流量对流动阻力的影响.结果表明:催化剂厚度一定时,随着气体流量增大,多孔介质中的流动阻力也逐渐增大.经过与经典阻力计算公式对比,分析了偏差影响因素.最后,结合实验数据拟合出了适合管式反应器中流动阻力计算的半经验公式,能精确地预测颗粒填...     

磁约束下等离子体的传热与流动特性仿真

为研究磁约束下低气压放电冷等离子体在空心圆筒结构内的传热与流动特性,采用漂移扩散近似建立了低气压电感耦合等离子体模型,研究磁约束情况下不同外加电源功率和气体压强对等离子体运动的影响。结果表明:在磁约束下,电子主要集中在圆筒的中心区域,电子密度由内至外逐步递减,筒内电子温度和密度均随着外加电源功率的增大而增大;在低压下,由于气体粒子之间的碰撞影响,筒内电子温度随着压强增大而降低,而中性气体的温度随着压强增大而升高。     

脉冲式喷气发动机在小型洗消装置上的应用技术研究

简要介绍了脉冲式喷气发动机的基本结构、工作原理,并通过实验对其在小型洗消装置上的应用进行了研究．     

集成电路方波脉冲注入损伤效应实验研究

为了得到各损伤参数随脉宽的变化规律,寻找建立评价复杂EMP波形对集成电路损伤模型的依据,对2种典型的集成电路器件进行了方波脉冲注入损伤实验。结果表明:RAM6264损伤电压、电流及功率均随脉宽增大而减小,损伤能量处于某一小范围之内,可能属于能量损伤型器件;BG305损伤电压、功率随脉宽增大而减小,损伤能量随脉宽增大而增大,损伤电流处于某一个小范围之内,可能属于电流损伤型器件。     

脉冲高电压的频率对电容分压器性能的影响

研制了一种测量脉冲高电压的电容分压器,从理论和实验两个方面分析了高电压脉冲的频率对电容分压器分压比的影响。并用此电容分压器测量了Tesla变压器型强流电子束加速器的谐振特性波形,测量结果与理论分析一致。     

气浮箱型结构纵荡运动水动力系数解析研究

基于二维微幅波理论,采用特征函数展开和匹配渐进法建立了气浮箱型结构纵荡运动的解析解,将Matlab程序计算结果与MOSES数值模拟结果进行了对比分析,验证了程序的合理性;进而对不同吃水、不同水深下结构纵荡运动的附加质量系数和阻尼系数的幅频变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:由于未考虑结构内部气体的可压缩性,数值模拟结果大于程序计算结果,MOSES计算结果偏安全;在一定频率区段上,吃水的增加对结构附加质量系数和阻尼系数有显著影响;随着水深吃水比的增加,结构的附加质量系数和阻尼系数呈增大趋势,只有在圆频率为0.65~0.9 rad/s时呈减小趋势,而阻尼系数则呈增大趋势。     

杂散参数对串联型磁脉冲压缩器输出特性影响*

使用电路模拟软件(P-Spice)分析了脉冲电容器自身电感、磁开关绕组匝间电容以及磁芯处于不同工作状态时,磁开关绕组自身阻抗等杂散参数对串联型磁脉冲压缩器输出特性的影响。结果表明,匝间电容和磁芯处于未饱和状态下的绕组自身电阻对系统的输出特性影响相对较小;磁芯处于饱和状态时,绕组自身阻抗对系统的电压传输效率影响较大;脉冲电容器的自身电感不仅会降低系统的电压传递效率,同时会影响到输出脉冲上升沿的宽度。基于以上的结论,对单级串联型磁脉冲压缩器进行了优化设计并研制了一台输出峰值电压26kV,脉冲上升时间由4.1us压缩到1.2us的串联型磁脉冲压缩器,电压传输效率大于92.5%。     

Experimental study on the detonation process of a pulse detonation engine with ionized seeds

An experimental platform of a pulse detonation engine (PDE) was established to study the effect of different K₂CO₃ ionized seed mass contents on the detonation process. The pressure and ion concentration were detected in the detonation process of the PDE with different contents of ionized seeds. The initiation process of the PDE at different ignition frequencies was studied. The results show that the gas conductivity in the detonation process increased by adding ionized seeds to the PDE tube, and the conductivity increased with the increase in ionized seed mass content. With the increase in ionized seed mass content, the range of the conductivity decreased. The PDE was successfully ignited and formed a stable detonation wave at ignition frequencies of 5 Hz and 10 Hz, and the peak pressure of the stable detonation with the ignition frequency of 5 Hz was 17% higher than that with an ignition frequency of 10 Hz. The detonation wave intensity was weakened and degenerated to a shock wave that propagated in the tube without the fuel filled at the ignition frequency of 20 Hz.     

N2-COIL的氧发生器水汽诊断

在氧碘化学激光(COIL)系统中,水汽是影响激光器输出功率的最重要原因之一,因此测控氧发生器(SOG)出口气流中的水汽含量非常重要.文中利用吸收和发射光谱法对方管式射流氮气氧碘化学激光器(N2-COIL)的氧发生器分别进行了水汽含量测量.测量结果显示,在保持氯气流量一定的前提下,该发生器正常工作状态下水汽百分含量小于9%,且随氧发生器的总压的增加而减小,随氮气流量的增大而增加.该结果表明,气体流速是引起水含量变化的主要原因.     

低压电场驱动下膜分离 CO2的研究

以离子交换膜为基础,进行预处理和化学改性.研究了不同预处理条件、化学改性方法及低压电场的电压对离子交换膜的CO2分离效率的影响.结果表明,改进处理条件、施加低压电场及在膜中加入亲水物质可明显地增加离子交换膜的二氧化碳通量.     

Protection of armoured vehicles against chemical,biological and radiological contamination

The article presents problems related to mechanical protection of vehicles with different add-on armours against chemical,biological and radiological contamination.This applies to vehicles with additional passive,reactive and hybrid protection in the form of cassettes against piercing with anti-tank pro-jectiles,piercing with their kinetic energy of impact,and as a result of chemical energy of shaped charges as well as explosively formed projectiles.It has been shown how increased ballistic protection of these vehicles at the same time reduces their decontaminability in various places of the vehicle due to the increased additional surface of the vehicle with cassettes.Prevention of contamination of these cassettes has been presented as a way of reducing hard to reach surface for decontamination and a method of insulating construction elements(stands),fixing these cassettes to the vehicle,from the environment to prevent contact with contaminated liquids and dusts.The selection of appropriate materials is shown,which may affect the improvement of the decontamination efficiency of the vehicle with such cassettes.This applies to the use of materials with low absorption of chemical warfare agents,which prevent the accumulation of large amounts of these agents on contaminated surfaces and improve the effectiveness of decontamination.It also shows how to ensure better access of the disinfectant to as much of the vehicle surface as possible,covered with cassettes that have been contaminated.It shows how a vehicle,in particular with such cassettes,can provide protection against radar detection when Radar Absorbent Material is used on vehicle cassettes.     

正弦高斯组合的UWB脉冲波形设计

针对美国FCC关于超宽带传输系统提出的辐射掩蔽特性,提出了一种基于正弦高斯组合的UWB脉冲波形设计新方案。以一组正弦高斯脉冲为基函数,利用最小均方误差准则(LSE)选取加权系数对基函数进行线性组合,通过调整基函数的载波频率和脉冲形成因子,对波形进一步优化。分析了TH-PPM UWB多用户系统的误码率性能。仿真结果表明,与高斯二阶微分脉冲、随机系数组合脉冲相比,基于正弦高斯组合脉冲具有更高的频谱利用率,误码性能更优。     

Pulsed current and dual pulse gas metal arc welding of grade AISI: 310S austenitic stainless steel

The transverse shrinkage, mechanical and metallurgical properties of AISI: 310 S ASS weld joints prepared by P-GMAW and DP-GMAW processes were investigated. It was observed that the use of the DP-GMAW process improves the aforementioned characteristics in comparison to that of the P-GMAW process. The enhanced quality of weld joints obtained with DP-GMAW process is primarily due to the combined effect of pulsed current and thermal pulsation(low frequency pulse). During the thermal pulsation period, there is a fluctuation of wire feed rate,which results in the further increase in welding current and the decrease in arc voltage. Because of this synchronization between welding current and arc voltage during the period of low frequency pulse, the DP-GMAW deposit introduces comparatively more thermal shock compared to the P-GMAW deposit, thereby reducing the heat input and improves the properties of weld joints.     

基于正弦高斯组合的UWB脉冲波形设计

针对美国FCC关于超宽带传输系统提出的辐射掩蔽特性,提出了一种基于正弦高斯组合的UWB脉冲波形设计新方案。以一组正弦高斯脉冲为基函数,利用最小均方误差准则(LSE)选取加权系数对基函数进行线性组合,通过调整基函数的载波频率和脉冲形成因子,对波形进一步优化。分析了TH-PPM UWB多用户系统的误码率性能。仿真结果表明,与高斯二阶微分脉冲、随机系数组合脉冲相比,基于正弦高斯组合脉冲具有更高的频谱利用率,误码性能更优。     

Ablation characteristics of insulator under high-temperature gas dual-pulse erosion

This study numerically simulated and investigated the flow field characteristics of a typical dual-pulse solid rocket motor with a soft pulse separation device through thermal insulation ablation under high-temperature dual-pulse erosion. The ablation rate of ethylene -propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) insulator was measured after the experiment. Experimental results were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and microcomputed tomography. The ablation mechanism of the EPDM insulator under the operation conditions of a dual-pulse solid rocket motor was evaluated by analyzing the results. The results reveal that the internal flow field of the motor with a soft pulse separation device is uniform. The original charred layer existing on the EPDM insulator surface in the first pulse combustor is the decisive factor affecting the final ablation rate of the dual-pulse motor during the second pulse operation, and the ablation characteristic region is easily formed with the exfoliation of the charred layer. The ablation rate difference of the insulator increases with gas velocity.     

高压强流脉冲变压器

在脉冲功率调制系统研究中 ,其核心技术之一是脉冲变压器的研制。本文描述了脉冲变压器的技术要求和结构参数设计 ,并给出了实验测试结果 :变压器的初级电感为 3 6μH ,耦合系数为 0 77。当初级输入电压为 60kV时 ,次级输出电压可达到 50 0kV。