基于维纳过程金属化膜电容器的剩余寿命预测

金属化膜电容器是惯性约束聚变激光装置能源系统最重要的元器件,对个体电容器的剩余寿命进行有效的预测对整个装置的可靠性水平有着重要的影响.为有效地预测个体电容器的剩余寿命,提出了融合单个电容器性能退化数据与先验性能退化数据信息的预测方法.采用Wiener过程对其性能退化过程进行建模,并根据先验退化数据信息构造参数的先验分布...     

基于比例危险模型的产品竞争失效分析

突发型失效与退化型失效共存的竞争失效问题在实践中大量存在,一般情况下突发失效是受退化量大小影响的。文中利用比例危险模型分析了突发失效与退化量的关系,给出了竞争失效的一般模型及模型的参数估计方法,最后利用所给模型对强激光装置所用的金属化膜脉冲电容器进行了可靠性分析。     

基于仿真的竞争失效产品步降加速寿命试验优化设计

针对竞争失效产品加速寿命试验存在试验时间长、费用高、效率低的问题,提出了一种基于Monte-Carlo仿真的竞争失效产品步降加速寿命试验优化设计方法.采用Monte-Carlo对步降加速寿命试验进行仿真模拟,以正常使用应力下的p阶分位寿命渐进方差估计最小为目标,以各试验应力水平及对应应力下的试验截尾数作为设计变量,采用MIE理论进行统计分析,建立了基于仿真的竞争失效产品步降加速寿命试验优化设计模型.最后,通过实例分析表明:该方法具有可行性、有效性.     

基于维纳过程金属化膜电容器的可靠性评估

金属化膜电容器作为惯性约束聚变(ICF)激光装置的重要元器件,其可靠性直接影响着系统的性能。为此,很多研究者对电容器的可靠性进行了评估,然而这些评估方法得到的只是电容器的总体特性,无法给出单个电容器的可靠性水平。鉴于此,提出了融合单个电容器性能退化数据与先验性能退化数据信息的可靠性分析方法,首先采用W inner过程对其性能退化过程进行建模;其次基于B ayes方法对单个电容器的可靠性进行实时评估;最后通过一个实例表明了其研究意义和实用价值。     

高压脉冲储能电容器特性分析

针对高压脉冲储能电容器的高功率密度、高电压、大电流、强脉冲储能及小型化的应用特点,分析了金属化薄膜电容器的工作特性、影响因素以及大电流脉冲放电条件下的金属化薄膜电容器失效机理,同时分析了金属化薄膜失效的直接影响因素、畸变电场的形成过程及其影响因素,为金属化薄膜电容器应用于电磁发射工程领域奠定了技术基础。     

基于随机冲击的相关竞争失效可靠性评估

针对电子产品在工程实践中受随机冲击应力的影响及多失效模式的问题,以累积冲击和极限冲击来描述产品的冲击过程,考虑失效模式相关性并建立了随机冲击下产品竞争失效模型。以具有自然耗损和突发耗损特点金属化膜脉冲电容器为对象,进行了可靠性对比分析,验证了模型的合理性和有效性,为遭受复合应力影响的电子产品的可靠性评估提供了一种新方法。     

基于非线性Wiener过程的步进加速退化建模方法

针对步进加速退化试验中的非线性退化数据,考虑到产品之间的随机效应,给出了非线性Wiener过程的表达式,推导出了考虑随机效应的产品失效概率密度函数表达式;建立了步进加速退化模型,给出了各加速应力下性能退化量的关系模型;采用两步极大似然估计法,求解出退化模型中未知参数;结合某激光器的实例分析表明所建模型的拟合性较好,参数估计精度更高。     

一种新的双应力加速寿命试验研究（Ⅱ）——统计分析篇

围绕双应力交叉步降加速寿命试验的统计分析问题进行讨论,首先对统计分析的条件进行了假定,然后在指数分布场合下对统计分析具有关键作用的数据折算问题进行了探讨,给出数据折算的公式及折算过程中参数估计问题的求解算法,最后利用仿真试验数据进行验证,结果表明该统计方法用于双应力交叉步降加速试验是有效的.     

金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器过载特性

脉冲电容器作为爆磁压缩激励电流源的储能元件之一,通常要求单次可靠运行。正是由于单次运行,为脉冲电容器的过载工作提供了极大的可能。过载工作的电容器与额定电容器相比具有体积小、重量轻的优点,可实现爆磁压缩激励电流源的紧凑化。研究了不同温度下国产金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器的过载特性,如过载运行的储能密度,放电电流及可靠度等。实验表明:在-45℃~60℃范围内过载运行这种电容器,其储能密度可达额定储能密度的1.8倍,同时在0.95的置信水平下,其过载运行的可靠度单侧置信下限为0.9,可以实现稳定可靠运行。     

金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器过载特性研究*

脉冲电容器作为爆磁压缩激励电流源的储能元件之一,通常要求单次可靠运行。正是由于单次运行,为脉冲电容器的过载工作提供了极大的可能。过载工作的电容器与额定电容器相比具有体积小、重量轻的优点,可实现爆磁压缩激励电流源的紧凑化。本文研究了不同温度下国产金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器的过载特性,如过载运行的储能密度,放电电流及可靠度等。实验表明：在-45℃~60℃范围内过载运行这种电容器,其储能密度可达额定储能密度的1.8倍,同时在0.95的置信水平下,其过载运行的可靠度单侧置信下限为0.9,可以实现稳定可靠运行。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.