战术导弹打击机场跑道毁伤概率

在分析了导弹打击机场后毁伤评估标准和技术现状的基础上,阐明了评估指标及方法,针对军用机场的特点选择打击跑道为攻击目标,分析了战役战术导弹母弹的落点规律和子弹散布规律,瞄准点的选择方法,并进行了毁伤概率计算,基于最小起降窗口概念,实现了给定机场目标和毁伤等级要求下导弹型号的最优选择,最少导弹消耗量预测.并通过实例进行了验证实验.     

基于改进灰狼优化算法的地面目标最优瞄准点选择方法

针对导弹打击地面目标时的瞄准点优选问题,提出了一种利用改进灰狼优化算法（improved grey wolf op timization,IGWO）选取最优瞄准点的瞄准点选择方法。该算法基于维度学习的狩猎搜索策略（dimension learning-based hunting,DLH）,为每个瞄准点构建相邻的瞄准点集合,集合中的瞄准点可以互相共享信息,增强局部搜索和全局搜索之间的平衡,并保持多样性。在仿真实验中,将毁伤评估模型的评估函数作为瞄准点选取好坏的评估函数,并且设计导弹打击地面目标的实例对瞄准点选择方法进行验证,实验结果表明,该方法求得的瞄准点具有较高的可信度,为火力筹划中瞄准点的寻优提供了新方法。     

导弹机动对抗中打击圆形区形内目标的模型及实现

考虑了对机动导弹实施机动区域打击问题,建立起了一个新的瞄准点选取模型一菱形选取模型,设计了对圆形机动区域打击的瞄准点选择算法,并通过计算机仿真进行了结果分析.该方法具有通用性,能制定作战方案以及生存选择具有现实意义.     

基于PSO-AFSA算法的典型集群目标瞄准点选择

利用粒子群算法快速的局部收敛性和人工鱼群的全局收敛性,提出了基于粒子群的人工鱼群混合优化算法,并用于求解常规导弹打击集群目标瞄准点选择优化问题。仿真结果表明:此算法在求解常规导弹打击集群目标瞄准点选择问题时,可以较少的迭代次数取得比较满意的瞄准点。     

多跑道机场最优瞄准点选择方法研究

在着重分析多跑道机场的基础上,指出在进行最优瞄准点选择计算时应将跑道离散化,然后应用"直接循环迭代法"进行最优瞄准点选择计算,并提出利用常规导弹武器对机场目标进行打击时每一枚导弹应选取一个最优瞄准点的选择方法.经计算验证,结果可信,军事应用价值较高.     

基于功能树的导弹打击系统目标瞄准点选择方法

针对导弹打击系统目标的问题,建立了基于目标功能损伤度的瞄准点选择方法;在对毁伤树方法进行改进的基础上,提出了描述目标结构与工作流程的目标功能树模型,构造出体现目标整体功能下降的优化目标函数,采用模拟退火算法搜索最优解。通过算例对不同的瞄准点选择方案进行比较,发现考虑目标的功能结构特点时,得到的瞄准点明显优于其它方案。     

跑道失效率的一种快速解析近似计算方法

针对现有的跑道失效率计算方法对数据的处理要求很复杂,并且计算效率较低,难以满足实时性要求的不足,提出一种快速的解析近似计算方法,通过有利弹着区的选取以及瞄准点的优化选择,将问题从搜索最小升降窗口转化为求解母弹对有利弹着区的命中概率,免去了搜索升降窗口的计算时间,从而大幅提高了计算效率。仿真结果表明,快速解析近似计算方法计算速度快且满足了精度要求。     

自适应窗口仿射最小二乘匹配方法

为了解决仿射最小二乘匹配方法在未知初始参数条件下无法自适应选择匹配窗口的问题,提出了一种基于局部形状估计的自适应窗口最小二乘匹配方法。利用LOG(Laplacian of Gaussian)算子检测特征点以及特征点所在的尺度;在特征点邻域内根据特征尺度计算局部二阶矩矩阵,用二阶矩矩阵估计特征点局部的形状特征;根据特征点局部的形状自适应选择初始匹配窗口进行仿射最小二乘迭代。实验结果表明,该方法在较大仿射变形下能够准确的选择有效匹配区域,避免因窗口内容差异造成的迭代不收敛问题。     

机动导弹扇形区域打击模型及实现

考虑对机动导弹实施机动区域打击,建立起在扇形区域瞄准点选取模型,并通过计算机模拟进行了结果分析。该方法具有通用性,对制定作战方案以及生存选择具有现实意义     

新型机载布撤器子母弹对跑道封锁效能计算方法

研究了装载新型反跑道子弹药的防区外机载布撒器对跑道封锁效能的计算方法。首先简要介绍了新型反跑道子弹的工作原理和攻击跑道的特点;然后,根据分段毁伤跑道的战术要求引入横向切断概率和纵向封锁边界两个概念描述单发子母弹对跑道的毁伤效果,并利用简单易行的“边界窗口扫描法”搜索两个攻击区域之间是否存在最小起降窗口,最后给出跑道整体失效概率的计算方法和布撒器瞄准点优化方法。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.