基于HLA的坦克分队战术训练仿真系统

在作战仿真系统中,坦克是一种重要的武器仿真实体,其分队战术训练仿真常成为研究的重点。基于坦克分队战术综合演练仿真系统的研制,运用作战仿真建模方法,基于HLA对坦克分队作战训练进行仿真,着重从系统分析、体系结构、系统工作流程、系统实现等方面出发进行一定的研究。实践证明,系统设计合理、运行稳定、模拟效果逼真,能够满足坦克分队战术模拟训练的需要,并可为以后分队作战智能化仿真研究提供一定借鉴。     

分队战术训练系统中基于HLA和组播技术的通信仿真

在战术仿真训练中,通信仿真是实现作战指挥训练的重要手段。结合基于HLA技术的战术仿真训练系统,探讨了采用组播技术和HLA交互手段实现通信仿真的方法,并对其扩展功能进行了研究。     

海军诸兵种综合战术训练仿真系统构建研究

如何构建诸军兵种综合战术训练仿真系统,是当前全军训练仿真领域内的研究热点。基于HLA技术框架及分层式RTI,搭建了海军诸兵种综合战术训练仿真系统的体系结构。并采用面向对象的建模与仿真方法,提出了系统公共参考FOM模型的设计思路,定义了实体类、交互类及路径空间,有效规范并减少了系统间网络传输的数据流量。最后,给出了系统仿真实现的流程图和一个仿真实例。实践证明,使用HLA仿真框架实现的海军诸兵种综合战术训练仿真系统能够满足当前海军战术训练的需求。     

海军诸兵种综合战术训练仿真系统构建研究*

如何构建诸军兵种综合战术训练仿真系统,是当前全军训练仿真领域内的研究热点。基于HLA技术框架及分层式RTI,搭建了海军诸兵种综合战术训练仿真系统的体系结构。并采用面向对象的建模与仿真方法,提出了系统公共参考FOM模型的设计思路,定义了实体类、交互类及路径空间,有效规范并减少了系统间网络传输的数据流量。最后,给出了系统仿真实现的流程图和一个仿真实例。实践证明,使用HLA仿真框架实现的海军诸兵种综合战术训练仿真系统能够满足当前海军战术训练的需求。     

基于HLA/RUP的舰潜对抗仿真系统框架开发方法

舰潜对抗仿真系统可实现在攻防对抗条件下反潜作战过程的仿真,用于研究反潜作战方法,论证各种反潜武器装备的作战需求.提出了一种基于HLA/RUP的舰潜对抗仿真系统框架的开发方法,设计了基于HLA的舰潜对抗仿真系统的体系结构,给出了运用Rational统一过程(RUP)进行联邦成员开发的3种核心视图.最后,利用Rational Rose实现了框架代码的自动生成,完成了仿真系统框架的开发和实现.     

HLA训练仿真系统数据记录与回放的设计和实现

在战术仿真训练中,数据记录与回放是实现对战术对抗行动定性定量分析评估的重要手段。结合基于HLA技术的战术仿真训练系统的研发,探讨了顺序事件触发式数据记录、离线回放及演习状态回滚功能的具体设计和实现方法。该系统已推广部队使用,应用效果良好。     

基于BP神经网络的水面舰艇CGF反潜指挥决策模型

为使水面舰艇CGF战斗实体具有自主性、智能性等特点,满足现代作战模拟需求,建立了水面舰艇CGF反潜指挥决策模型。本文对水面舰艇CGF指挥决策整体框架进行了研究,并通过对水面舰艇对潜作战战术规则库学习训练,建立了基于BP神经网络的水面舰艇CGF反潜指挥决策模型。通过仿真,验证了水面舰艇CGF反潜模型在不同态势下指挥决策模型的正确性和有效性,从而为水面舰艇CGF建模提供参考。     

反潜战仿真系统目标仿真建模与设计

反潜战仿真系统是反潜武器装备研制、反潜作战能力评估、反潜战术战法研究的有效手段,因此能否提供高逼真度的目标潜艇仿真将直接影响到反潜作战仿真系统的整体性能。从未来潜艇作战环境出发,分析了潜艇仿真的功能组成,建立了仿真模型体系,提出了基于模型库的潜艇仿真设计方案和实现方法,为反潜战仿真系统的建立提供了有力的支撑。     

HLA框架分析和当前应用中的问题

随着分布交互仿真系统的飞速发展,其体系结构逐步从当初的SIMNET发展成为今天的HLA.对HLA体系结构作了全面剖析,介绍了HLA的发展背景、目标主旨和组成结构.重点从HLA展示的三种体系结构类型实质和HLA与RTI的关系两个方面对HLA技术进行探索研究,并以基于HLA的雷达训练模拟系统设计说明这一理论的应用成果,最后指出了HLA在当前应用过程中面临的问题.     

数据链综合训练模拟系统设计

信息化条件下的高技术战争,战术数据链是武器装备中的重要部分,也是夺取信息优势、决策优势和作战优势的重要支撑。以数据链综合训练需求为牵引,针对数据链作战应用的规律特点,设计数据链综合训练模拟系统的基本框架,分析了其功能需求,研究了双以太网物理结构、基于HLA的通信支撑环境、时空及网络一致性描述等方法与技术在系统中的应用,提出了系统应用工作流程。系统设计构想对数据链作战运用及仿真系统开发具有借鉴作用。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.