伪逆法在飞控系统自修复控制中的应用

研究了飞机在操纵面损伤或卡死故障情况下使用伪逆法进行自修复控制律重构的方法。提出了一种新的飞机单舵面故障的注入形式,引入了交联因子,并分别对飞机舵面卡死和损伤故障进行了建模,给出了数字实时仿真结果,验证了在单舵面故障情况下伪逆重构算法可以快速收敛到飞行正常状态。这种算法简单可行,实时性好。     

某装备吊机液压故障诊断专家系统设计

装备液压系统快速故障诊断是维修保障人员亟待解决的难题.以某装备吊机液压系统故障诊断为研究对象,梳理历年故障案例库,运用故障树解析故障原因、逻辑及耦合关系,明确故障产生的全部最小割集.将故障树与专家系统有机结合,依据故障规则构建基于故障树的专家知识库,选用自上而下正向查找方式的推理机制,融合概念图知识匹配模式,设计模糊含权概念图的投影匹配算法.在VB环境下实现专家系统软件功能,使系统具备知识库持续升级、用户故障定位查询、故障排除指导、历史故障记录、诊断报告生成等功能,有效指导维修保障人员进行装备液压系统的故障诊断与排除,并可推广至其他型号、类型的装备液压系统故障诊断中.     

基于虚拟样机的供输弹机液压系统故障仿真

供输弹机是火炮实现装填自动化的重要机构,涉及机电液等多种系统的耦合,故障率较高.为了能够真实地模拟供输弹机液压系统的故障过程,提出了适用于大型复杂系统耦合仿真的协同仿真方法,建立了完整的供输弹机虚拟样机,较好地解决了机电液耦合、多碰撞拓扑等难题,并通过实装试验数据验证了虚拟样机仿真的可信性.以溢流阀发生粘滞阻力过大和液控单向阀发生控制油路故障为例,说明了故障发生时供输弹机的动力学响应特性,明确了故障机理,为快速地进行故障特征提取和积累故障样本奠定了良好的基础.     

飞机液压系统试验数据分析软件的研究与开发

为了解决对飞机液压系统试验数据进行全程实时观测困难这一问题,避免重复试验,以VC++为开发工具,采用面向对象的设计方法,设计了一套飞机液压系统试验数据动态回放、分析软件.并应用某型号飞机前起落架收放系统的主液压泵的工作过程试验数据对该软件进行了测试,结果表明该软件能够为飞机液压系统的试验提供有用的帮助,具有较高的应用价值.     

机载电子设备I/O装置测试系统设计

为了在复杂环境下对某飞机的机载电子设备进行功能测试和故障定位,提出了一种基于PXI总线技术的测试系统,可以在各种环境下实现整机联合测试,也可实现该机载电子设备场外可更换组件的单件测试,实现的I/O单件测试.新的测试系统对原有检测平台进行了合理的借鉴,使得检测程序化、系统化、智能化.     

基于递阶偏最小二乘回归的飞机采购价格预测

分析了飞机采购价格预测建模样本数据少、价格驱动因子众多的特点,考虑到递阶偏最小二乘回归(Hierarchical Partial Least-Squares Regression,Hi-PLS)方法在变量规模巨大情形下进行回归建模的优势,应用Hi-PLS对飞机采购价格进行预测。以战斗机采购价格预测为例进行了研究,首先对战斗机采购价格驱动因子进行分组,然后应用Hi-PLS对分组后的价格驱动因子进行回归,建立采购价格预测模型。实例表明,在飞机采购价格预测方面,采用递阶偏最小二乘回归预测更能体现价格与飞机性能参数之间的关系。     

作战飞机生存力设计及评估方法

飞机在作战环境下的生存力是衡量现代作战飞机设计优劣的重要指标之一.首先给出了飞机生存力的基本概念,在深入分析了美军飞机生存力研究机构的组成、生存力设计和评估方法的基础上,提出了提高作战飞机生存力设计的措施和作战环境下生存力评估的有效方法,以期对我国在新型战机生存力的设计和综合评估方面的理论研究工作起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

电子对抗环境下飞机编队突防能力模型

现代战争通常在电子对抗的复杂环境下进行,对电子对抗环境下飞机编队突防能力进行建模研究.首先运用模糊数学的方法对雷达电子对抗的效果进行了分析,重点从干扰频率、干扰功率、干扰时机、干扰样式、信号环境因素5个方面研究了雷达电子对抗的干扰效果,然后运用解析法对飞机编队在雷达电子对抗环境下对地空导弹、防空高炮防御体系的突防能力进行计算,得到了关于飞机编队在电子对抗环境下突防能力的定量结果.     

基于TS模糊神经网络的液压伺服系统研究

在飞机地面模拟试验台台架控制的液压伺服系统中,由于其系统存在强非线性,传统PID控制难以使液压马达转角达到精准良好的控制效果.针对这个问题,同时为提高控制系统性能,将基于TS模糊神经网络PID控制的智能控制算法应用于液压马达伺服控制系统中.在建立飞机台架液压伺服模型的基础上,利用基于TS模糊模型的神经网络对PID参数进行自适应整定,并基于MATLAB/Simulink平台进行相应的仿真实验.仿真结果表明,TS模糊神经网络PID控制器相比于传统PID控制器和普通模糊PID有着更好的响应特性,呈现出更佳的控制效果,使飞机台架控制系统的综合性能得到了提高.     

一种用于机电产品测试性设计的传感器优选MINLP模型

在单故障假设条件下,考虑了传感器的失效概率和设备的故障率,提出一种以故障检测率和故障隔离率为约束条件的降低传感器费用和失效概率的混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)模型,从而为机电产品测试性设计中传感器选择问题提供了一种可行和有效的解决方法,并进行了案例验证,说明了该方法的有效性。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.