基于正态分布曲线的分段式变步长LMS算法

针对传统最小均方误差(Least Mean Square, LMS)自适应滤波算法由于步长固定,在解决稳态误差与收敛性之间的关系时,始终处于矛盾状态的问题,在对传统的固定步长LMS自适应滤波算法分析的基础上,根据变步长LMS自适应滤波算法的步长调整原则,通过构造步长因子与误差信号的非线性函数,提出了一种基于正态分布曲线的分段式变步长LMS自适应滤波算法,并分析了参数取值对算法性能的影响。针对实际信号处理过程中参考信号难以选取的问题,提出了一种基于分裂阵的参考信号选取方法。理论和海试数据分析结果表明:该算法的收敛速度和稳态误差明显优于固定步长的LMS自适应滤波算法和基于Sigmoid函数的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法。     

基于对称非线性函数的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法

为解决自适应最小均方误差（least mean squares,LMS）滤波算法难以平衡稳态误差和收敛速度的问题,提出了基于对称非线性函数的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法。通过自变量取绝对值、叠加非线性拉伸量改进Sigmoid函数,构造一个对称非线性函数用于刻画步长因子与稳态误差的非线性关系。该对称非线性函数具有能够根据误差动态调整步长、更快达到收敛状态的特点。根据构造的对称非线性函数和输入信号功率生成归一化变步长因子,解决噪声逐级放大的问题,进一步提高算法的滤波效果同时,加速收敛。实验表明：该算法在低信噪比、信噪比变化、信号频率变化、滤波器阶数变化、延迟采样点数变化条件下均具有更好的滤波效果、更优的稳定性和更快的收敛速度。     

双变因子LMS自适应滤波算法

为提高最小均方(LMS)自适应滤波算法的性能,在步长因子与误差信号满足一种改进的Sigmoid函数关系式的基础上,提出了一种双变因子控制下的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法。该算法具有初始状态收敛速度快、稳定状态均方误差小、抗噪声性能好、适应系统跃变能力强的优点。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的优越性。     

一种新的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法

通过建立步长因子μ与误差信号e之间的非线性关系,提出一种新的基于抽样函数的变步长LMS算法,并进行了计算机仿真.结果表明,该算法除了具有传统LMS算法计算量小、稳定性较好、简单易于实时处理等优点外,其收敛速度、稳定性以及跟踪速度均优于传统固定步长LMS算法抽样函数、SVSLMS算法.     

基于估值修正的分布式传感器网络最小均方算法

为使分布式传感器网络自适应滤波算法在具有快速收敛和低稳态误差的同时,具有对脉冲干扰的鲁棒性,在扩散LMS自适应滤波算法基础上,提出一种基于参数估值p阶范数修正的变步长最小均方自适应滤波算法,算法通过使用参数估值的p阶范数增抗其对脉冲噪声的抗干扰能力,通过合理设置变步长控制因子使得算法在收敛初期的收敛速度及收敛后期的稳态误差在一个较小的范围取得一个较好的平衡。对比实验表明,相比已有算法,所提算法性能更优且具有较好的鲁棒性。     

改进的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法分析

通过建立步长因子μ与误差信号e(n)之间的非线性函数关系,提出了一种改进的自适应变步长最小均方(LM S)算法。该算法克服了LM S算法在自适应稳态阶段μ取值偏大的缺陷,具有在误差e(n)接近零处缓慢变化的特点。该算法还具有初始阶段和未知系统时变阶段步长自动增大而稳态时步长很小的特点,解决了收敛时间和稳态误差的矛盾。将该算法对比一般的变步长算法,该改进算法在平稳过程中具有更小的稳态误差,同时还具有更好的跟踪时变系统的能力。     

基于改进LMS算法的复合材料超声检测缺陷识别

在径向基函数（RBF）神经网络实现无人机复合材料超声检测脱粘缺陷识别时,针对最小均方（LMS）算法在确定网络输出权值时存在稳态失调误差和收敛速度相矛盾的问题,提出一种改进的自适应的变步长LMS算法．该算法根据反馈误差自适应确定步长,通过引进动量项加快收敛速度．将改进LMS算法应用到RBF网络缺陷识别中,结果表明该方法在稳态失调误差较小的情况下,能快速确定RBF网络的权值．改进的RBF网络能够较好地识别超声检测脱粘缺陷．     

数字化扩频接收机的自适应抗干扰滤波方案研究

讨论了自适应抗干扰滤波在最小频移键控的直接序列扩频(DS-MSK)数字化接收机中的应用问题,对非线性滤波加以改进,提出了部分解扩非线性滤波(PDNF)结构,将快速更新子带自适应滤波(FRSAF)算法用于PDNF结构以提高收敛速度。结合FRSAF算法的PDNF自适应抗干扰滤波方案在收敛速度、稳健性和输出信噪比等方面明显优于结合LMS算法的传统非线性抗干扰滤波方案,仿真结果验证了上述结论。     

稳健的双基地MIMO雷达目标角度跟踪算法

针对双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达变速目标角度跟踪问题,提出了基于变遗忘因子的跟踪算法。首先研究了遗忘因子对算法的收敛速率和跟踪性能的影响;其次借鉴变步长最小均方(LMS)算法的思路,提出遗忘因子的递推公式;最后将遗忘因子递推公式引入PASTd算法中,实现变速目标的收发角度跟踪。实验表明:算法的收敛速度和性能都有较大的提高,稳定性得到了增强。     

变步长自适应算法在GPS空时抗干扰中的应用

针对基于FROST阵列处理的最小均方算法(FROSR-least mean squares,FLMS)收敛速度较慢的缺点,将FLMS算法和变步长技术相结合,采用了一种基于Sigmoid函数的变步长快速自适应算法(variable step-size FROSR-least mean squares,VFLMS)。将该算法应用于GPS接收机空时自适应处理系统中,理论分析和计算机仿真表明,VFLMS算法能够抑制大于阵元个数的多个宽、窄带干扰,效果理想。     

基于移相器控制电压的“动中通”波束形成改进算法

在波束形成技术中,基于同时扰动随机梯度估计算法计算接收功率对移相器控制电压的梯度,研究了同时扰动随机梯度估计算法中扰动量和电压更新方程中步长的取值问题。仿真结果表明,随迭代次数变化的扰动量较固定扰动量能有效地提高算法的收敛性能,在同时扰动随机梯度估计算法中,将步长改为随阵元空间位置变化,能有效地提高电压更新方程的收敛速度。研究了与变扰动量有关的参数取值,指出了参数的选取准则。MATLAB仿真结果验证了所改进算法的正确性和有效性。     

科氏流量计信号频率的变步长直接估计算法

研究科氏流量计频率估计方法对提高其测量精度具有重要意义.分析了变步长直接频率估计( VS-DFE)方法的原理,归纳出一种基于VS-DFE的科氏流量计信号频率估计算法,给出了算法基本思想、流程和实现步骤.分别针对两种常见流量状态下科氏流量计的固定频率信号和时变信号进行仿真分析,并与离散频谱校正法进行了比较.仿真结果表明,...     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.