位移不连续法在裂纹扩展仿真中的应用

探讨了在应用位移不连续法仿真裂纹扩展时对加载方式、裂纹扩展长度及应力强度因子计算等问题的处理方法,并据此编制了仿真程序,分析了裂纹在单向压载作用下的扩展趋势和应力变化,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

基于Dirichlet先验分布的模糊可靠性增长模型研究

将模糊理论应用于基于Dirichlet先验分布的Bayes可靠性增长模型,提出了可靠性增长的模糊模型。在对Dirichlet先验分布函数研究的基础上,分析了先验参数的获取方法。针对某水冲压发动机可靠性增长试验使用Dirichlet先验分布模型进行了分析,给出了试验各阶段的先验分布和后验分布,并分析了与先验信息方差有关的参数对后验可靠度的影响。在此基础上,通过引入模糊变量,发展了模糊可靠性增长模型,得到了试验各阶段模糊可靠度。     

一种基于新技术复杂装备的可靠性增长方法

针对新技术复杂装备可靠性增长难的问题,利用可靠性增长理论,结合新技术复杂装备的特点,提出了一种适应于新技术复杂装备可靠性增长的方法。并将其应用于某型无人机系统的可靠性增长,通过2个生产周期达到了预期的可靠性增长目标值。这种方法具有良好的可操作性和经济性,可广泛应用于其他新技术复杂装备的可靠性增长中。     

The impact of political instability on the economic growth of ECOWAS member countries

This study contributes to the literature on political instability and economic growth by specifically investigating the impact of political instability on the economic growth of member countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). West Africa is regarded as the riskiest sub-region within the African continent. To achieve this objective, this study employed panel data techniques (fixed effects and generalised method of moments) on a sample of 15 ECOWAS member countries for the period 2005–2012. The findings from the analyses showed that terrorism, poor governance, social unrest, youth unemployment, death rate and natural resource rent have negative relationships with economic growth. The findings and policy implications deduced from this study could not have been any timelier considering the recent escalation of instability in West African countries and their fragile growth prospects.     

McEvily公式的改进及其在疲劳扩展寿命评估中的应用

疲劳裂纹扩展寿命评估的关键是要有适宜的疲劳裂纹扩展公式。通过对McEvily公式的深入研究,综合考虑弹塑性行为的影响、裂纹的闭合效应,并对曲线斜率进行“最小二乘法”拟合,得到了改进的McEvily公式。采用某航天发射塔架A3钢的疲劳裂纹扩展数据进行分析验证,得出McEvily改进公式对疲劳裂纹扩展寿命具有更强的评估能力。     

一种面向个性化服务的无需反例集的用户建模方法

随着WWW信息的快速增长 ,查找用户感兴趣的信息变得越来越耗时耗力。个性化服务能为不同的用户提供有针对性的服务 ,日益受到研究者的重视。用户建模是实现个性化服务的关键技术。传统的需要正、反例集作为训练例集的用户建模方法容易干扰用户的正常浏览 ,或者由于推断失误而引入噪声。基于遗传算法和k近邻方法提出了一种无需反例集的用户建模方法 ,该方法被应用于个性化信息过滤中。实验结果表明 ,基于无需反例集的用户建模方法的信息过滤算法可以达到 73 91%的过滤率和 94 4 4 %的过滤精度。无需反例集的用户建模方法是一种可行、高效的用户建模方法     

新疆兵团土地人口承载力预测分析

随着国家西部大开发战略的实施,新疆生产建设兵团(以下简称兵团)的经济发展速度开始加快,人口增长与兵团资源的矛盾也逐渐凸现,研究兵团人口承载力问题就迫在眉睫。本文以数量经济学的理论和思想为指导,主要采用灰色系统理论、Logistic模型等定量分析方法对兵团人口、经济、资源及可持续发展进行研究。     

Causal Linkages Between Domestic Terrorism and Economic Growth

We use the Hsiao–Granger method to test for terrorism–growth causality for seven Western European countries. In bivariate settings, the impact of economic performance on domestic terrorism is very strong. In trivariate settings, the impact of performance on terrorism diminishes. In general, we find that economic performance leads terrorist violence in robust ways only for three out of seven countries. Terrorism is almost never found to causally influence growth in bivariate and trivariate specifications. Our findings indicate that the role of economic performance in determining terrorist violence appears to have been important for some countries, whereas all attacked economies have been successful in adjusting to the threat of terrorism.     

某型飞机侧向通道EA/QFT鲁棒控制

提出了一种MIMO定量反馈理论与特征值配置相结合的鲁棒解耦控制方法,该方法首先利用特征值配置使系统达到性能指标要求,通过对特征向量的限制实现MIMO系统解耦,然后利用QFT方法使其具备鲁棒性.通过对某型飞机侧向通道的仿真表明:该方法不仅解耦效果良好,而且具有较强的鲁棒性.     

圆柱壳受不对称径向冲击时的塑性动力屈曲分析

本文发展了Lindberg、Duffey等人的思想,考虑不对称冲击下圆柱壳的塑性动力屈曲问题,旨在研究内凹变形与屈曲的关系。用能量法导出了不对称基本变形的微分方程,近似地将之与对称情形下屈曲扰动控制方程联合,构成一个初值问题,然后进行数值求解。考虑了壳厚变化,放弃了屈曲过程中速度保持不变的假定(对称情形中采用)。本文的研究结果很好地解释了高速冲击时倒塌模式上无屈曲波形,屈曲波形遍布加载范围内且并不明显减弱,局部冲击临界速度高于对称情况形下临界速度等许多实验与已有的分析结果,从而明确了屈曲在塑性动响应中的地位。     

A model for critical crack size estimation in fatigue failure of gun barrels

With repeated firing, fatigue cracks are produced in a gun barrel, and the barrel is no longer useful when a crack reaches a critical size. The initial crack size and the critical crack size, as well as the number of firings producing the critical crack size, may be considered as random variables. Assuming a proportional damage model for crack growth, a method for estimating the critical crack size distribution is presented. From these results, an estimate of the barrel life, or the residual barrel life once a crack of a given size is measured, can be obtained.     

火箭发动机可靠性增长评估的Bayes方法

针对火箭发动机分阶段试验,每阶段试验后对发动机出现的故障分析、归零的情况,提出等效试验数据的概念,结合Bayes方法对系统的可靠性增长试验进行评估,并在此基础上给出可靠度的增长分析,最后给出实例进行说明。     

Does Military Spending Explode External Debt in Pakistan?

This paper investigates the effect of military spending on external debt in case of Pakistan for the period of 1973–2009. For this purpose, the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to cointegration is used to examine cointegration among the variables. The ADF, P-P, and ADF-GLS unit root tests are applied to test the integrating order of the variables. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and error correction method regressions are used to investigate the marginal impact of military spending on external debt in the long and short run. Our findings indicate the existence of cointegration that confirms the presence of a long-run relationship among military spending, external debt, economic growth, and investment. Further, our results reveal that a rise in military spending increases the stock of external debt; an increase in investment also increases external debt; however, there is an inverse effect of economic growth on external debt. An implication of the findings reported herein is that there is a need to formulate a comprehensive economic policy for curtailing external debt in case of Pakistan.     

Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性的SPH模拟

采用SPH方法模拟了流体界面的Rayleigh Taylor不稳定性,给出了界面初始扰动的发展过程,得到了蘑菇状的扰动图像,并对两种不同初始分布的扰动过程进行了比较。分析表明,计算结果合理,SPH方法适合于界面不稳定性的模拟。     

某型平显可靠性增长目标可行性论证研究

旨在通过对某型平显可靠性增长目标可行性论证实践,提出以增长曲线趋势来评估研制和小批生产之中产品各阶段可能达到的可靠性水平的预测方法     

异构数据库应用系统集成的简化方法

针对现有集成方法主要面向数据库系统层面的不足,重点讨论面向应用系统层面的集成方法。通过引入数据库应用系统的访问控制新视角,将访问控制层从应用层中划分出来,继而提出融入式访问控制技术,并基于该访问控制技术提出一种新的异构数据库应用系统简化集成方法。通过实例展示了如何应用简化集成方法实现异构数据库应用系统的集成,并通过对比分析验证了新方法的优势。     

非均匀复合材料中裂纹扩展过程的数值模拟

应用有限单元法和最大正应力准则,引入楔形界面过渡层模型,求解相应的特征函数,准确地确定界面裂纹第一步开裂角,模拟了裂纹在非均匀复合材料中的扩展过程。结果表明:裂纹扩展初期呈波浪式前进,并最终沿着与最大正应力垂直的方向前进。这对此类结构的防断控制具有指导意义。     

基于双特征参数解的直杆弹性动力后屈曲研究

利用差分方法求解动力后屈曲非线性方程解,研究了弹性直杆的2类轴向碰撞屈曲问题.将双特征参数解得出的含有小幅值参数的初始动力屈曲模态作为非线性后屈曲解的初始条件.理论计算的结果与文献中的实验数据达到了很好的一致,由此验证了双特征参数方法的正确性.研究结果还揭示了碰撞过程中屈曲变形扩展和发展的机理,以及轴向应力波和屈曲变形的相互作用规律.     

Does Military Spending Nonlinearly Affect Economic Growth in South Africa?

Using annual data collected from 1988 to 2015, this study provides evidence of a non-linear relationship between military spending, economic growth and other growth determinants for the South African economy. The empirical study is based on estimates of a logistic smooth transition regression (LSTR) model and our empirical results point to an inverted U-shaped relationship between military spending and economic growth for the data. Furthermore, our empirical results suggest that the current levels of military spending, as a component of total government expenditure, are too high in the South African economy and need to be transferred towards more productive non-military expenditure in order to improve the performance of economic growth and other growth determinants.     

The nexus between military expenditures and economic growth in the BRICS and the US: an empirical note

This empirical note re-examines the causal linkages between military expenditures and economic growth for the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and that for the USA during the period 1988–2012. Results of Granger causality tests show that military expenditures influence economic growth in the USA, economic growth influences military expenditures in both Brazil and India, a feedback between military expenditures and economic growth in Russia, and no causal relation exists between military expenditures and economic growth in China and South Africa. The findings of this study can provide important policy implications for the BRICS countries and also for the USA.