基于云重心评判的战场态势评估方法

针对当前的战场态势评估方法所存在的对战场态势的综合评价和理解不足的问题,将云理论引入防空态势评估,提出一种基于云重心评判的战场态势评估方法.首先建立评估的指标体系,并将各指标值分别用云模型表示,然后确定各指标的权重,计算出加权偏离度θ,最后将加权偏离度输入评测云发生器得到评估结果.实例验证的结果表明,此方法对当前战场态...     

海战场态势评估问题的研究

对海战场综合态势进行态势评估和威胁分析是信息融合系统的最高层级,态势评估结果将对指挥员的指挥决策起到非常重要的作用。根据海军作战理论分析了海战场态势的表示方法,并基于模板方法设计了一种战场当前态势与模板数据库中态势进行匹配的算法。该算法特别适用于高层推理如态势或威胁评估。     

云模型和距离熵的TOPSIS法空战多目标威胁评估

针对传统逼近理想解的排序法(TOPSIS)在空战多目标威胁评估中对战场态势数据精度要求高这一缺陷,提出了一种基于云模型和距离熵TOPSIS法空战多目标威胁评估方法。该方法运用云模型理论对战场态势数据进行模糊表示,并通过定义云元素的大小和距离测度公式实现了两者结合。考虑目标各属性的权重对分析结果的重要性,运用距离熵理论来分配各属性的权重,进而建立加权决策云矩阵,根据相对贴近度的大小确定各方案的威胁程度。最后,通过仿真验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

海战场态势分析与评估方法

信息融合是海军作战指挥系统情报处理的一个必不可少的环节,对融合后的海战场综合态势进行分析和评估是为信息融合体系提高了一个重要层次.海战场态势分析与评估在现代信息战中将具有越来越重要的作用,但目前海战场态势分析和评估的方法还很不成熟,本文试图从海战场态势分析与评估在信息融合中的作用,以海战场态势分析与评估处理融合数据流程为依据,提出海战场态势分析与评估的基本方法,起到一个抛砖引玉的作用.     

云发生器在军事信息服务毁伤评估中的应用

在体系作战背景下,战场的网络环境复杂多变,网系的运行质量对各类军事信息服务性能表现均会产生影响,用静态的标准对军事信息服务进行毁伤评估难以反映真实毁伤情况.通过应用云模型理论中的正态云发生器,设计了可生成动态评估规则的云发生器,将网系运行质量的不确定度传递至单个信息服务的毁伤评估中.仿真实验验证了模型的有效性.     

战场电磁环境复杂度评估及其应用

简要阐述了战场复杂电磁环境的特点及其对电子设备的影响,针对雷达对抗电磁环境的自身特点,分析了极化对雷达对抗电磁环境的影响,提出了雷达对抗电磁环境复杂度评估的改进方法,并运用电磁环境复杂度评估结果建立电磁环境影响因子,对训练评估模型进行修正和完善,最后,以雷达分队作战能力评估为例,探讨了战场电磁环境复杂度评估在军事训练评...     

基于云模型的系统综合效能评估方法

针对系统效能评估中定性描述难以准确评估的问题,在分析已有基于云模型评估方法不足的基础上,提出了一种新的基于云模型的系统综合效能评估方法。首先将各指标值和评价集的各评语用云模型表示,然后利用各指标值云模型与评价集各云模型相似度的加权和来对系统综合效能进行评估。实例分析表明,该方法能够有效地对系统进行综合效能评估。     

基于数据挖掘的海战场态势可视化平台构建

可视化和数据挖掘是进行海战场态势评估、实现战场可视化的两项关键技术。海战场态势可视化能提高指挥员的战场态势感知能力,有效辅助指挥员进行当前态势评估和未来态势预测。而数据挖掘技术是对海量战场态势数据进行知识发现的有效工具,基于数据挖掘技术从顶层构建了海战场态势数据可视化挖掘平台,并对其中的各子模块进行了具体研究。     

基于战场环境变权的目标战场价值评估

基于现代战场环境动态变化的特点,针对常权目标战场价值评估的结果与实际情况不符的问题,引入了变权的思想。根据战场环境的动态变化特点,通过直觉模糊集和专家评价法对战场环境因素进行综合分析,并得出战场环境指标总变化量。利用战场环境指标总变化量对目标战场价值指标进行自适应变权,并提出变权的算法。最后通过仿真验证了该方法的合理性与可行性。     

基于云推理的目标电磁环境威胁度评估方法

云模型能够实现定性概念与定量数值之间的相互转换,将云模型这一优点引入到电磁威胁度评估,利用云模型发生器、条件规则发生器、逆向发生器,并结合权重设计出云推理算法系统。以战场电磁空间为背景,利用Matlab平台对云推理算法系统仿真计算,得出具体的目标电磁环境威胁程度,检验了该方法的效果。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.