机场道面抢修应急起降带的确定

应急起降带的确定是战时机场道面抢修的基础性工作,对抢修工程量、抢修效率、抢修进程都有着重大影响.首先介绍了应急起降带合理尺寸的确定;然后提出了应急起降带最佳抢修位置的确定原则;为了实现应急起降带方案的快速优选,用VB编写了方案优选程序,改变了传统的人工优选法费时费力的现状.从文中的实例分析可以得出结论:该方案优选程序的运算结果满足实际抢修施工需要.     

常规导弹封锁机场跑道效能准则问题研究

由于没有考虑跑道的可维修性,当前所使用的跑道失效率指标具有较大局限性。如何从实战特点出发选取效能指标成为常规导弹封锁机场跑道作战效能评估的关键。首先分析了跑道抢修能力、抢修策略、道面上弹坑数及弹坑分布均匀程度对跑道恢复起降能力的影响,提出用跑道起降能力作为效能指标选取的依据,并就跑道起降能力的量化与效能指标体系的构建进行了研究,然后用实例对所建效能指标进行了验证。结果表明,该效能指标模型比之跑道失效率指标严格的定义更加贴近作战的实际情况,使用该指标能够满足常规导弹打击机场跑道作战效能评估、火力需求预测及打击方案选优等需要。     

面向进攻作战任务的抢修对象任务重要度确定方法

针对战场抢修原则"先抢修指挥装备,后抢修战斗装备"和"先抢修主要方向的故障装备,后抢修次要方向的;先抢修第一梯队的,后抢修第二梯队的"缺乏定量化支撑的问题,进行了面向任务的抢修对象任务重要度确定方法研究。分析了抢修对象任务重要度的问题实质,剖析了作战装备间关联关系的分类及特点;综合考虑作战装备间的指控关系、协同关系以及装备自身属性,设计了基于复杂网络理论的抢修对象任务重要度确定方法,并通过算例验证了确定方法的有效性和合理性。     

战时机场道面抢修MOS优选数学模型

机场道面是机场的核心部分,遭敌破坏后必须快速修复以保证飞机起降能力.抢修机场道面首先必须快速确定MOS.针对战时机场道面抢修MOS确定问题,建立基本数学模型,利用相对运动原理和坐标变换等知识进行数学分析,得出优化数学模型,并采用逐步搜索比较的算法和Matlab编程实现了MOS快速优选.     

战时装备抢修业务流程框架建模研究

在信息化战争条件下,装备的战损情况将会变得越来越复杂,针对在未来复杂战场条件下如何确定装备的战斗损伤情况,并进行快速修理,进而提高装备的生存性和战场抢修效率,保持装备持续作战能力的问题,进行了战时装备抢修业务流程框架建模的研究,介绍了装备抢修的相关概念,将装备抢修的军事概念模型划分为多个作战行动,对装备抢修业务流程进行分析抽象并进行建模,采用概率随机抽样方法进行损伤分析,并对修理任务、修理能力和修理时间进行定量分析,设计出合理的装备抢修业务流程框架,为相关研究提供参考。     

基于云模型的装备抢修分队选址决策评估

战场抢修是一线部队战时有效保持与快速恢复装备战术状态以确保战斗力的重要手段。不同作战阶段,抢修分队的具体部署位置不仅直接影响自身安全,还直接影响抢修任务的完成时效。通过分析装备抢修分队选址的影响因素,构建了选址决策评估指标体系;利用序关系分析法(G1法)和CRITIC法(Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation)的组合赋权法确定指标权重;采用云模型确定各参训人员的选址决策等级,并分析其优劣性。以相同仿真条件下的三组选址方案为例,对各参训人员的选址决策能力进行科学评估。该方法为战时装备抢修阶段性能力评估提供了新思路。     

基于不确定性量化的装备抢修效能云模型评估

装备抢修效能评估对抢修力量建设、抢修决策等具有重要作用。针对定性指标量化存在的不确定性、随机性问题,基于不确定量化法和云模型,建立了一种装备抢修效能评估模型,并通过实例验证了模型的可行性。基于评估结果,分析了抢修能力建设存在的优缺点,并给出了加强抢修效能的方法途径,为全面提升抢修能力建设提供方法依据和技术支撑。     

航空装备抢修时间估算方法

装备战场抢修是保持和恢复战斗力的重要方法,而抢修时间对战场抢修的效果有着重要影响,甚至直接影响着战争的进程。准确预测并确定装备的抢修时间有利于战场指挥员合理分配抢修力量,有针对性地开展抢修工作,以最大程度地保持和恢复装备战斗力,使战伤装备尽快重新投入战斗。以航空装备某电子系统为例,建立了战场抢修时间的计算模型,并对模型进行求解,实例证明,该方法对于预测并确定战场抢修时间提供了一种有效的途径。     

战斗恢复力定量评估模型初探

分析讨论了战斗恢复力定量化的途径,提出了一种能定量评价战斗恢复力的的参数——装备抢修度,给出了抢修度的概念,并给出了一个评价装备对应给定任务的抢修度模型和系统总的平均抢修度的计算方法。     

雷达装备战场抢修支援分队调度决策研究

针对雷达装备战场抢修支援分队支援抢修多个现场的损伤雷达装备,以及抢修过程中可能出现其它现场损伤雷达装备请求支援抢修的调度问题,以实现每次支援抢修损伤雷达装备都获得最大的战斗力恢复率为目标,提出了一种类似于计算机中断过程的调度决策方法。调度决策中的抢修中断优先级判定方法,也可作为抢修支援分队确定支援抢修多个现场损伤雷达装备初始次序的依据。最后,通过实例应用验证了调度决策方法的实用性和可行性。     

机场跑道抢修能力评估研究

机场跑道抢修能力评估是工程保障能力建设的基础性工作。通过对影响机场跑道抢修能力的因素进行系统分析,建立了符合实际情况的评估指标体系,提出了机场跑道抢修能力模糊综合评估模型。最后,运用模型对西南某机场的跑道抢修能力进行评估,根据评估结果,对提高该机场的跑道抢修能力建设提出了针对性建议。     

导弹装备战场损伤预测仿真研究

装备的战场损伤、损耗预测是作战保障的基础。文中构建了导弹装备损伤预测的马尔可夫Markov模型,导弹装备战场损伤部件数量动力学预测模型,并针对战场损伤强度和维修强度对损伤概率和部件损伤数量进行了仿真。对导弹作战计划以及装备保障与维修计划的制定具有指导意义。     

Investigating the surface integrity of aluminium based composites machined by EDM

In the present work, the surface characteristics of Electrical Discharge Machined (EDM) Al (6351)SiC and Al (6351)SiCB₄C composites are investigated. The composites are prepared by employing the conventional stir casting technique, as it can produce better particle dispersion in the matrix. The detailed experimental study is performed on the composites by varying current (I), duty factor (τ), pulse on time (T_on), and the gap voltage (V) in order to analyze the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) formed in the sub surface and the average crater diameter formed on the machined surface of the composites as an output function. The formation of recast layers, presence of bubbles and the surface texture of the composites at various machining conditions are observed. The results show that the increased Metal Removal Rate (MRR) increases the depth of HAZ and the average crater diameter on the machined area. Further, the addition of B₄C particles to the composite produces more surface defect than the AlSiC composite.     

Analysis of the mass of behind-armor debris generated by RHA subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section EFP

Analyzing the mass of behind-armor debris (BAD) generated by Rolled Homogeneous Armor (RHA) subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) is the purpose of this paper. So theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental data are combined to analyze the influence of variable cross-section characteristic on the time history of crater radius. Moreover the relationships between time history of crater radius (as well as mass of BAD) and the thickness of RHA (from 30 mm to 70 mm) and the impact velocity of EFP (1650 m/s to 1860 m/s) are also investigated. The results indicate that: 1) being compared to the variable cross-section characteristic is ignored, the theoretical time history of crater radius is in better agreement with the simulation results when the variable cross-section characteristic is considered; 2) being compared to the other three conditions of plug, the theoretical mass of BAD is in the best agreement with the simulation results when the shape of plug is frustum of a cone and the angle between generatrix and bottom is 45° and the axial length of mushroom is considered.     

Shaped charge penetration into high- and ultrahigh-strength Steel–Fiber reactive powder concrete targets

Experiments on shaped charge penetration into high and ultrahigh strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete (RPC) targets were performed in this paper. Results show that the variation of penetration depth and crater diameter with concrete strength is different from that of shaped charge penetration into normal strength concrete (NSC). The crater diameter of RPC is smaller than that of NSC penetrated by the shaped charge. The jet particles are strongly disturbed and hardly reach the crater bottom because they pass through the narrow channel formed by jet penetration into the RPC. The effects of radial drift velocity and gap effects of jet particles for a shaped charge penetration into RPC target are discussed. Moreover, a theoretical model is presented to describe the penetration of shaped charge into RPC target. As the concrete strength increases, the penetration resistance increases and the entrance crater diameter decreases. Given the drift velocity and narrow crater channel, the low-velocity jet particles can hardly reach the crater bottom to increase the penetration depth. Moreover, the narrow channel has a stronger interference to the jet particles with increasing concrete strength; hence, the gap effects must be considered. The drift velocity and gap effects, which are the same as penetration resistance, also have significant effects during the process of shaped charge penetration into ultrahigh-strength concrete. The crater profiles are calculated through a theoretical model, and the results are in good agreement with the experiments.     

Contractual agreements for coordination and vendor‐managed delivery under explicit transportation considerations

We consider the coordination problem between a vendor and a buyer operating under generalized replenishment costs that include fixed costs as well as stepwise freight costs. We study the stochastic demand, single‐period setting where the buyer must decide on the order quantity to satisfy random demand for a single item with a short product life cycle. The full order for the cycle is placed before the cycle begins and no additional orders are accepted by the vendor. Due to the nonrecurring nature of the problem, the vendor's replenishment quantity is determined by the buyer's order quantity. Consequently, by using an appropriate pricing schedule to influence the buyer's ordering behavior, there is an opportunity for the vendor to achieve substantial savings from transportation expenses, which are represented in the generalized replenishment cost function. For the problem of interest, we prove that the vendor's expected profit is not increasing in buyer's order quantity. Therefore, unlike the earlier work in the area, it is not necessarily profitable for the vendor to encourage larger order quantities. Using this nontraditional result, we demonstrate that the concept of economies of scale may or may not work by identifying the cases where the vendor can increase his/her profits either by increasing or decreasing the buyer's order quantity. We prove useful properties of the expected profit functions in the centralized and decentralized models of the problem, and we utilize these properties to develop alternative incentive schemes for win–win solutions. Our analysis allows us to quantify the value of coordination and, hence, to identify additional opportunities for the vendor to improve his/her profits by potentially turning a nonprofitable transaction into a profitable one through the use of an appropriate tariff schedule or a vendor‐managed delivery contract. We demonstrate that financial gain associated with these opportunities is truly tangible under a vendor‐managed delivery arrangement that potentially improves the centralized solution. Although we take the viewpoint of supply chain coordination and our goal is to provide insights about the effect of transportation considerations on the channel coordination objective and contractual agreements, the paper also contributes to the literature by analyzing and developing efficient approaches for solving the centralized problem with stepwise freight costs in the single‐period setting. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Some aspects in estimating warranty and post‐warranty repair demands

When customers buy a product, they are often eligible for free repairs for a certain warranty period. In this article, we study some important aspects, which are often overlooked in the literature but are of interest to the manufacturer, in estimating both warranty and post‐warranty repair demands. We consider that the installed base of the product (i.e., the number of units of the product actually in use) varies with time due to both new sales and units being taken out of service. When estimating warranty and post‐warranty repair demands, we explicitly address the fact that customers may not always request repairs for failed units. For the case where the product failure time distribution is exponential, we derive the closed‐form expressions for both types of repair demands of a single unit and of the time‐varying installed base. The insights into some risk‐related quantities are also presented. Furthermore, the proposed model is extended by considering delayed warranty claims that are frequently seen in practice. Numerical examples illustrate that understanding both types of repair demands and the related decision variables is important for managing the obligatory and profitable repair services. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 499–511, 2013     

A methodology for studying the dynamics of extended logistic systems

An extended logistic system is a well-defined configuration of equipment, modules, inventories, and repair and replacement facilities modeling a complex, repairable system with on-going repair. The design of such systems has been based largely on the static tools of inventory theory and reliability theory, i.e., on steady-state distributions and on associated means and variances. Such static tools suppress the scale of real lime and ignore system persistence time in up-states and persistence time in down-states. A reasonably simple dynamic methodology is presented, focusing on system failure time as a more meaningful objective function for system-design tradeoff studies. In the presence of good reliability, it is shown that different candidates for system failure time effectively merge to yield an unambiguous, single system failure time. Examples illustrating the importance of dynamic information for system design are given.     

On ordering perishable inventory under erlang demand

Existing models for describing optimal ordering policies for perishable inventory cast the problem as a multidimensional dynamic program, the dimensionality being one less than the product lifetime in periods. An approach developed in previous work takes explicit account of outdating in the single period model. Formulas for the expected quantity of any new order which will outdate are developed for the case where the demand has a stationary Erlang distribution. A modified version of the one period model is shown to yield a reasonable approximation to the stationary optimal policy.